Billing in the IS-U Data Model

Billing in the IS-U Data Model

 SAP AG

© SAP AG 1
Billing in the IS-U Data Model

Billing in the IS-U Data Model

This unit will enable you to understand:

 The integration of billing master data in the IS-U
data model
 The structure of the component hierarchy for
billing and invoicing

 SAP AG

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Billing in the IS-U Data Model: Unit Objectives

Billing in the IS-U Data Model: Unit Objectives

At the conclusion of this unit, you will be

able to:
 Identify the tasks of billing in the IS-U system
 Identify the master data relevant to billing
 Explain how the rate data model is integrated in
the component hierarchy

 SAP AG

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Billing/Invoicing: Business Scenario 2

Billing/Invoicing: Business Scenario 2

Budget Billings

Maintain billing Use of rates

in the master Billing Invoicing Bill
master data printout
data

Additional Functions:
Discounts/Surcharges
Manual billing
Special billing functions
R

 SAP AG

 The scenario in this unit will give you an initial overview of the billing functions and billing master
data.

© SAP AG 4
IS-U/CSS Billing: 1

IS-U/CCS Billing: 1
Business Division
Partner
Water/
Residential Waste Water
Customer District Heating
Electricity
Nonresidential
Customer
Cable Television
Gas Charges, Multimedia
Taxes,
Co-generator
Consumption Duties

Demand
Flat Rates

Billing Rules, Variants

... Price Discounts, General Proration Franchise ...

Adjustment Surcharges Duties Fees
R

 SAP AG

 IS-U can bill nonresidential customers, residential customers, and co-generators in the same data
structures with the same functions. Differentiation only occurs in the data. The customers are
managed as business partners in the system.
 You can bill the following divisions using IS-U: electricity, gas, water, waste water, and district
heating. Flat-rate charges for other divisions such as cable television and multimedia can also be
included. In addition, all types of charges, duties, and taxes can be included.

Examples of charges, taxes, and duties:

Franchise fee
Surcharge

© SAP AG 5
IS-U/CCS: Integration Model

IS-U/CCS: Integration Model

IS-U/CCS as an
SD integrated component
FI of the R/3 enterprise
Vertrieb
Sales & information system
Distribution
Finanzbuch-
Financial Externe
External
Accounting
haltung Sales Systems
Vertriebs-
Contract Billing/ systeme Customer
Accounting Invoicing Care & Service
(FI-CA)
Maintenance
Instandhaltung
&&Service
Service- Zentraler
Central IS-U components
Management
Management Geschäfts-
Business
partner
Partner
Installation Consumption
MM Services Entry Externe
External
PM/ Consumption
Verbrauchs- Components of
SM Entry
erfassungs- standard R/3 System
Systems
SD Geräte-
Device systeme
Management
verwaltung External systems
CO
AM GIS,
GIS,
GIS,
MM
MM CAD,
CAD,
SCADA
SCADA
Asset & R

Materials Management

 SAP AG

 The utility services of a company are calculated in IS-U billing. In addition, other services that have
been billed can be included in IS-U invoicing using the SD component (Sales & Distribution). The
same is true for billing results from external billing systems.
 Billing and invoicing in IS-U is an original component of IS-U/CCS, meaning that no essential part
of the R/3 core system is used.

© SAP AG 6
Billing (Utility Services)

Billing (Utility Services)

 Based on a universal billing engine

 Billing of residential and nonresidential customers contracts

 Billing procedures of the international utilities industry. For
example: periodic billing, interim billing, period-end billing,
floating backbilling,
backbilling, final billing, budget billing, average monthly
billing, and equalized billing.
 Can handle new billing procedures
 Convergent billing and intercompany invoicing
 Special features: thermal gas billing, billing of co-generators and
installations without meters

 SAP AG

 The following billing procedures are supported:

 Periodic billing is consumption billing carried out on a regular basis.
 Floating backbilling is a form of monthly periodic billing. If necessary, the consumption of the
previous months of a billing year is recalculated and backbilling is performed with a current value.
 Period-end billing occurs separately at the end of a billing cycle. If necessary, periodic billing is
recalculated and backbilling is performed.
 Interim billing is not subject to scheduling and can be triggered manually at any time (for example, at
the customer’s request).
 Final billing is triggered upon customer move-out, during service territory transfer, or manually on
request.
 In budget billing, an average amount is determined either through simulation or manually. The
customer pays this average amount for a period of 12 months. At the end of the period, a new
simulation is carried out for the next period.
 In average monthly billing/equalized billing, the amount charged to the customer is an average of the
past 12 months (for new customers, the number of months is less).

© SAP AG 7
IS-U/CCS Billing: 2

IS-U/CCS Billing: 2
Billing Procedure: Special Functions:

 On a monthly basis  Interim billing

 Key date  Outsorting for bill validation
 Period  Simulation
 For an exact number of
 Manual billing
days
 Season-based  Reversal procedure
 Comparative (best-rate  Unbilled revenue reporting
billing)
 Employee
 Floating (backbilling,
period-end billing)
R

 SAP AG

 Manual billing is carried out in addition to automatic consumption billing.

Examples:
Consumption billing for a faulty meter
Backbilling for theft of electricity
Goodwill credit memo

© SAP AG 8
Business Objects/Utility Services

Business Objects/Utility Services

Business Regional
Partner Structure

Contract
A/R + A/P

Contract
(Utility))
(Utility

Utility Connection
Premise
Installation Object

Device Device
Device Connection
Category Location

Meter
Meter R

Reading

 SAP AG

© SAP AG 9
Component Hierarchy

Component Hierarchy
Customizing
Utilities Industry Component

Basic Functions
Billing
Master Data
Billing Master Data
Device Management Special Functions

Billing Execution
Contract Billing
Invoicing
Invoicing
Basic Settings
Contract AR & AP
Invoice Processing

Customer Service Bill Printout

Invoicing Reversal
Work Management
Budget Billing Plan
Information System

Tools
R

 SAP AG

 Component hierarchy: organizational tool for displaying all the R/3 components.
 The user interface of the component hierarchy works like a file manager with a hierarchical structure.
In this way, you can display the applications provided in the system and company-internal
applications.
 The component view of the business navigator ensures component-related access to different models
of the R/3 reference model (for example, access to processes or business objects).

© SAP AG 10
Link Between Contract Text and IS-U: 1

Link Between Contract Text and IS-U: 1

1. Customer without measured demand For annual consumption of less
Rate category, than 10,000 kWh/year
Consumption Prices
e.g.
household Without off-peak regulation 0.24 Uni/kWh

With off-peak regulation

- On-peak rate 0.24 Uni/kWh

- Off-peak rate 0.11 Uni/kWh

Demand Price (fixed contribution per installation) 100 Uni/year

Rental Price See no. 3

2. Average Price Limitation

Energy Prices
- Maximum price (on-peak rate) 0.48 Uni/kWh
- Off-peak rate 0.11 Uni/kWh

Rental Price See no. 3

3. Rental Prices
R

- Single-rate meter 50 Uni/year

- Double-rate meter 70 Uni/year
 SAP AG

 The rate category classifies the installation for billing. Rate categories could include the following:
Household rate
Trade rate
Trade rate with measured demand
Industry rate

© SAP AG 11
Link Between Contract Text and IS-U: 2

Link Between Contract Text and IS-U: 2

1. Customer without measured demand For annual consumption of less
Rate category, than 10,000 kWh/year
Consumption Prices
e.g. household
Without off-peak regulation 0.24 Uni/kWh
Rate type
With off-peak regulation
- On-peak rate 0.24 Uni/kWh

Rate type - Off-peak rate 0.11 Uni/kWh

Demand Price (fixed contribution per installation) 100 Uni/year

Rental Price See no. 3

2. Average Price Limitation

Energy Prices
- Maximum price (on-peak rate) 0.48 Uni/kWh
- Off-peak rate 0.11 Uni/kWh

Rental Price See no. 3

3. Rental Prices
R

- Single-rate meter 50 Uni/Year

- Double-rate meter 70 Uni/ Year
 SAP AG

 The rate type classifies the register for the installation. Rate types could include the following:
On-peak active energy
Off-peak active energy
On-peak reactive energy
On-peak active power
Gas consumption
Water consumption

© SAP AG 12
Link Between Contract Text and IS-U: 3

Link Between Contract Text and IS-U: 3

1. Customer without measured demand For annual consumption of less
Rate category, than 10,000 kWh/year
Consumption Prices
e.g. household
Without off-peak regulation 0.24 Uni/kWh
Rate type Rate
With off-peak regulation
- On-peak rate 0.24 Uni/kWh

Rate type - Off-peak rate Rate 0.11 Uni/kWh

Demand Price (fixed contribution per installation) 100 Uni/Year

Rental Price See no. 3

2. Average Price Limitation

Energy Prices
- Maximum price (on-peak rate) 0.48 Uni/kWh
- Off-peak rate 0.11 Uni/kWh

Rental Price See no. 3

3. Rental Prices
R

- Single-rate meter 50 Uni/ Year

- Double-rate meter 70 Uni/ Year
 SAP AG

 In this example, two rates are determined (on-peak household rate and off-peak household rate) with
both rate types (on-peak rate and off-peak rate) in connection with the rate category (household
customers without measured demand).
 In this case, the energy price for the single-rate meter is identical to that of the on-peak rate meter, so
the same rate can be used for both single and on-peak rates. That means that one rate type is sufficient
for both rates. If the prices were different, then an additional rate type (single rate) and an additional
rate (single household rate) would be necessary.

© SAP AG 13
Link Between Contract Text and IS-U: 4

Link Between Contract Text and IS-U: 4

1. Customer without measured demand For annual consumption of less
Rate category, than 10,000 kWh/year
Consumption Prices
e.g. household Variant program
Without off-peak regulation 0.24 Uni/kWh
Rate type Rate
With off-peak regulation
- On-peak rate 0.24 Uni/kWh

Rate type - Off-peak rate Rate 0.11 Uni/kWh

Demand Price (fixed contribution 100 Uni/Year

per installation)
Rental Price See no. 3
2. Average Price Limitation

Energy Prices
- Maximum price (on-peak rate) 0.48 Uni/kWh
- Off-peak rate 0.11 Uni/kWh

Rental Price See no. 3

3. Rental Prices
R

- Single-rate meter 50 Uni/ Year

- Double-rate meter 70 Uni/ Year
 SAP AG

 Variant programs are contained in rates and as rate steps. Variant programs are basic calculation steps
(e.g. consumption x price, determination of the basic price, or determination of the rental price). In
this case, the demand price (basic price flat rate) and the rental price are included in the on-peak rate
as variant programs.

© SAP AG 14
Link Between Contract Text and IS-U: 5

Link Between Contract Text and IS-U: 5

1. Customer without measured demand For annual consumption of less
Rate category, than 10,000 kWh/year
Consumption Prices
e.g. household Variant program
Without off-peak regulation 0.24 Uni/kWh
Rate type Rate
With off-peak regulation
- On-peak rate 0.24 Uni/kWh

Rate type - Off-peak rate Rate 0.11 Uni/kWh

Demand Price (fixed contribution 100 Uni/Year

per installation)
Rental Price See no. 3
2. Average Price Limitation

Energy Prices
- Maximum price (on-peak rate) 0.48 Uni/kWh
- Off-peak rate 0.11 Uni/kWh

Rental Price See no. 3

3. Rental Prices

- Single-rate meter
Prices R

50 Uni/ Year
- Double-rate meter 70 Uni/ Year
 SAP AG

 The prices in the system must be entered as price keys. Each application requires that different price
categories are entered (e.g. quantity-based price, time-based price).

© SAP AG 15
Link Between Contract Text and IS-U: 6

Link Between Contract Text and IS-U: 6

1. Customer without measured demand For annual consumption of less
Rate category, than 10,000 kWh/year
Consumption Prices
e.g. household Variant program
Without off-peak regulation 0.24 Uni/kWh
Rate type Rate
With off-peak regulation
- On-peak rate 0.24 Uni/kWh

Rate type - Off-peak rate Rate 0.11 Uni/kWh

Demand Price (fixed contribution 100 Uni/Year

Schema Rental Price
per installation)
See no. 3
2. Average Price Limitation

Energy Prices
- Maximum price (on-peak rate) 0.48 Uni/kWh
- Off-peak rate 0.11 Uni/kWh

Rental Price See no. 3

3. Rental Prices

- Single-rate meter
Prices R

50 Uni/ Year
- Double-rate meter 70 Uni/ Year
 SAP AG

 All rates that can be billed within a contract or installation must be grouped together in a billing
schema.

© SAP AG 16
Universal Billing Engine

Universal Billing Engine

Customer and Rate Data Procedural Data
Installation-Related Data
Prices and Schema I
Rate Facts E
Contract Rate Var.prog. Value
Rate 1
X
- Step 1 VarProg. A x1 E
Rate 1 - Step 2 VarProg. B
. .
x2
.
C
Rate 2 U
Installation - Step 1 VarProg. A x3 T
Rate - Step 2 VarProg. C
- Step 3 VarProg. D
x4
x5 I
Determin. .
.
.
.
.
.
O
Rate n . . . N
Inst. Structure/ . . .
Rate Cat. Facts/ Rate n
Installation Facts - Step 1 VarProg. A xxx

Quantity Execution of Validation of

Data Entry and Generation
Conversion Variant Billing
Analysis of Billing
and Proration Programs Results R

Line Items
According to
Schema
 SAP AG

 The “billing engine” is at the core of billing.

 Billing is performed according to a fixed process.
 Data collection and analysis
All data that is needed for billing is collected and prepared for analysis.
 Proration
If duties, prices, or taxes have changed during a billing period, the values relevant to billing (for
example, consumption) must be prorated according to the date of the change.
 Quantity conversion
The quantities to be billed are determined from the quantities read. Meter factors, PT/CT ratios, and
conversions due to thermal gas billing are taken into account, for example.
 Quantity valuation
Quantity valuation is the actual contract billing: Rates and their variant programs are processed on the
basis of the billing schema.
 Validation of the billing results
 The billing results are validated after valuation.

© SAP AG 17
Flexible Structure of Billing Rules

Flexible Structure of Billing Rules

Variant
Variant Pool
Pool
QUANTITY x
QUANTITY FACTOR
FACTOR QUANTITY
QUANTITY
Calculates
Calculates x%
x% of
of aa quantity
quantity

.. .. .. Variant
Variant Pool
Pool

.. .. .. ACTIVE_KWHx 0.5
ACTIVE_KWH 0.5 
 ACT_50%
ACT_50%

NUMBER
NUMBER OF
Calculates
OF DEMAND
Calculates N
DEMAND PEAKS
N peak
PEAKS
peak averages
averages
DEMAND
DEMAND REACT_KWH
REACT_KWH --ACT_50%
ACT_50% BILL_REACT
BILL_REACT

DEMAND x PRICE
DEMAND PRICE   BILLING
BILLING LINE
LINE ITEMS
ITEMS BILL_REACT x $0.06
BILL_REACT $0.06 BILLING
BILLING LINE
LINE
Valuates
Valuates demand
demand with
with aa price
price ITEMS
ITEMS

.. .. ..
QUANTITY
QUANTITY -
QUANTITY
QUANTITY QUANTITY
QUANTITY
Difference
Difference of
of two
two quantities
quantities Contract
Contract text:
text:
.. .. .. The
The reactive
reactive energy
energy that
that exceeds
exceeds 50%
50%
of
of the
the active
active energy
energy is
is valuated
valuated using
using aa
.. .. .. separate
separate price.
price.
x
QUANTITYPRICE
QUANTITYPRICE BILLING
BILLING LINE
LINE ITEMS
ITEMS R

Valuates
Valuates energy
energy with
with aa price
price

 SAP AG

© SAP AG 18
Master Data and Billing Master Data

Master Data and Billing Master Data

Business
Partner
Contract
Installation
XYZ0011

Installation Installation Structure

Facts Device Reg Rate type
EREFVAL=8kW 12345678 001 1001
12345678 002 1002

Rate Category
E1
Schema: Rate Determination
E1 Rate cat. Rate type Rate
E1 1001 E1_1
E1 1002 E1_2
Rate Facts
EQPRICE1=
E1_1_1...

Schema E1

Rate Variant Operand

E1_1 QUANTI01 EQUANT1 EQPRICE1
E1_1 REFVAL01 EREFVAL ETPRICE1
...

Rate Variant Operand

R
E1_2 QUANTI01 EQUANT2 EQPRICE2
...
...
 SAP AG

© SAP AG 19
Invoicing

Invoicing

Actual
Billing Documents
Printout
Print
Print
Manual billing Documents
Documents

Invoicing
- Data entry
Budget - Validation Budget
BudgetBilling
Billing
Billing Plans - Processing of Plans
Plans
FI-CA documents

Receivables:
FI-CA Receivables:
FI-CAPosting
Posting $100
Receivables:
Documents
Documents $100
$100

FI-CA Documents R

 SAP AG

 Generates accounting documents for bill receivables or credit memos from the billing documents
 Settles the accounting documents with down payments, especially budget billings
 Supports determination and charging of taxes, charges, and duties
 Prepares data for bill printout
 Creates new budget billing plans
 Invoicing sends the accounting documents and budget billings to FI-CA. FI-CA reports open items to
invoicing.

© SAP AG 20
Billing in the IS-U Data Model: Unit Summary

Billing in the IS-U Data Model: Unit Summary

 Billing is the central component of the IS-U system for
calculating energy and water supplied to customers.
 The central billing engine enables you to model all
possible combinations of different billing steps.
 Rate determination allows for quick adjustment of entire
customer groups to the company’s new rates.
 Invoicing is the standard IS-U process that establishes
the link to contract accounts receivable and payable, and
provides the basis for bill creation.

SAP
SAP AG
AG

© SAP AG 21
© SAP AG 1