IIT JAM

Saakaar 2025
Physics
Mathematical Physics DPP: 6

Line Surface and Volume Integral

Q1 Given a function
2
f (x, y, z) = x yz + xy z + xyz
2 2
in three -
dimensional cartesian space, the value of the
→
surface integral ∯ [ ∇ f (x, y, z). n̂]ds where S

is the surface of a sphere of radius units and n̂

is the outward unit normal vector on S, is

(A) 0 (B) π
(C) −π (D) 2π

Q2 Given a function ϕ =
1

2
(x
2
+ y
2
+ z
2
) in
three -dimensional cartesian space, the value
(A) 2π (B) 0
of the surface integral ∬ n̂. ∇ϕdS where S is
S
(C) 4π (D) 2
the surface of a sphere of unit radius and n̂ is
the outward unit normal vector on S, is Q4 If S is the surface of sphere
(A) 4π (B) 8π (x − 1)
2
+ (y − 2)
2
+ (z − 3)
2
= 1 enclosing
(C) π (D) 0 →
volume V and F
ˆ ˆ ˆ
= x i + y j + 2zk then the
−
→
Q3 →
value of intergal ∮ F . n̂ds is equal to:
A vector field B (x, y, z) =
ˆ ˆ ˆ
x i + y j − 2zk
(A) (B)
16π 8π

3 3
is defined over a conical region having height h (C)
5π
(D)
11π

3 3
= 2, base radius r = 3 and axis along z, as shown
in the figure. The base of the cone lies in the x-y Q5 The equation of a surface of revolution is
−−−−−−−−−
plane and is centered at the origin. If n denotes z
= ±√
3
x
2
+
3
y
2
. The unit normal to the
√2 2 2

the unit outward normal to the curved surface S −

−
surface at the point (√ 3 is
2
, 0, 2)
of the cone, the value of the intergal −− −−
→ (A) √
3 ˆ
i +
2 ˆ
k (B) √
3 ˆ
i −
2 ˆ
k
∫
S
B . n̂dS is equal to- 5
−
−
√10
−
−
5 √10

(C) √ 3 ˆ
i +
4 ˆ
k (D) √ 3 ˆ
i +
1 ˆ
k
5 √10 5 √10

Q6 The work done by force

→
F (x, y) = (x
2 2 ˆ ˆ
+ y ) i + 2xy j in moving a

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particle from the origin O (0,0,0) to the point D Q10 Derive ∫

s
a. d S using volume integral where
(1,1,0) on the z = 0 plane along the paths OABD a = z
3ˆ
k and S is the surface of a sphere of
as shown in the figure is: (where the coordinates radius R centred on the origin:
are measured in meters.) (A) 4πR
5

(B) 2πR
5

5 5

(C) (D)
3 3
4πR 2πR

5 5

(A) 1

3
(B) 2

(C) 4

3
(D) 8

Q7 Consider a cylinder of height h and radius a,

closed at both ends, centered at the origin. Let
→
ˆ ˆ ˆ
r = x i + y j + zk be the position vector and
n a unit vector normal to the surface. The
→
surface integral ∫ r . n̂ds over the closed
surface of the cylinder is
(A) 2πa2 (a + h) (B) 3πa2 h
(C) 2πa2 h (D) 0

Q8 For the vector field

→
A = xz
2ˆ
i − yz
2ˆ
j + z (x
2 2 ˆ
− y )k the volume
integral of the divergence of A out of the region
defined by
−a ≤ x ≤ a, − b ≤ y ≤ b, 0 ≤ z ≤ c is
(A) 4
abc [a
2 2
− b ] (B) 2
abc [a
2
− b ]
2

3 3

(C) 1
abc [a
2
− b ]
2
(D) abc [a2 − b ]
2

Q9 Vector field a = x
3ˆ
j − y
3ˆ
i and C is the circle
of radius R centred on the origin. Derive ∮ a. dl

where the surface is the planar surface

bounded by the contour.
(A) (B)
4 2
3πR 3πR

2 2

(C) (D)
4 2
πR πR

2 2

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Answer Key
Q1 (A) Q6 (D)

Q2 (A) Q7 (B)

Q3 (B) Q8 (A)

Q4 (A) Q9 (A)

Q5 (B) Q10 (A)

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Hints & Solutions

Q1 Text Solution: →

2 2 2
∯ [ ∇ f (x, y, z). n̂]ds =
f (x, y, z) = x yz + xy z + xyz

∰
∂ 2 2 2 ˆ
∇. f (x, y, z) = (x yz + xy z + xyz )i +
∂x

∂ 2 2 2 ˆ [2 (r sin θ sin φ) (r cos θ)

(x yz + xy z + xyz )j +
∂y
+ 2 (r sin θ cos φ) (r cos θ)
∂ 2 2 2 ˆ
(x yz + xy z + xyz )k
∂z + 2 (r sin θ cos φ) (r sin θ sin φ)
2 2 ˆ
∇. f (x, y, z) = (2xyz + y z + yz )i 2
]r sin θdrdθdφ
2 2 ˆ →
+ (x z + 2xyz + xz )j
∯ [ ∇ f (x, y, z). n̂]ds =
2 2 ˆ
+ (x y + xy + 2xyz)k

Using the Gauss theorem ∰

2 2
→ [sin θ sin φ cos θ + sin θ cos φ cos θ
∯ [ ∇ f (x, y, z). n̂]ds =
3 4
+ sin θ cos φ sin φ]2r drdθdφ

∰ [∇. (∇. f (x, y, z))]dV → 5

∯ [ ∇ f (x, y, z). n̂]ds

2R π
= ( )∫
→ 5 0

∯ [ ∇ f (x, y, z). n̂]ds =

2π
∫
0
∰ 2 2
[sin θ sin φ cos θ + sin θ cos φ cos θ

[∇ 3
+ sin θ cos φ sin φ]dθdφ
.
Integrating with respect to the φ in the limit of
)ˆ
2 2
{(2xyz + y z + yz i
0 to 2π will give us
→
ˆ 5
)ˆ ∯ [ ∇ f (x, y, z). n̂]ds
2 2 2 2 2R
+ (x z + 2xyz + xz j + (x y + xy + 2xyz)k } = ( )
5

π
]dV ∫
0

→ 2 2
[(sin θ cos θ) × 0 + (sin θ cos θ) × 0
∯ [ ∇ f (x, y, z). n̂]ds =
3
+ (sin θ sin φ) × 0]dθ

∰ [2yz + 2xz + 2xy]dV →

→ ∯ [ ∇ f (x, y, z). n̂]ds = 0
∯ [ ∇ f (x, y, z). n̂]ds =

Q2 Text Solution:
∰ [2yz + 2xz + 2xy]r2 sin θdrdθdφ
Gauss Divergence theorem:
x = r sin θ cos φ, y = r sin θ sin φ, z
−
→ → →
= r cos θ ∫ ∫ F . n̂dS = ∫ ∫ ∫ ∇ . F dV
S V
→
∯ [ ∇ f (x, y, z). n̂]ds =
Given that- ϕ =
1

2
(x
2
+ y
2
+ z
2
)

∂ϕ ∂ϕ ∂ϕ
ˆ + ˆ + ˆ
∇ϕ = i j k
∂x ∂y ∂z
∰ [2yz + 2xz + 2xy]r 2
sin θdrdθdφ
1 ˆ
∇ϕ = (2xˆ ˆ
i + 2y j + 2zk )
2

ˆ ˆ ˆ
∇ϕ = x i + y j + zk

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→ →
U sin g Gauss theorem−
so, ∭ ( ∇ ⋅ F )dV =
V
ˆ ˆ ˆ
∬ n̂. ∇ϕdS = ∭ ∇ ⋅ (x i + y j + zk )dV
S V
2
∭ 4r sin θdrdθdϕ
∬ n̂. ∇ϕdS = ∭ (1 + 1 + 1)dV V
S V
→ →
∬ n̂. ∇ϕdS = ∭ 3dV 1 π
S V ∭ ( ∇ ⋅ F )dV = 4∫ ∫
V 0 0
4 3
∬ n̂. ∇ϕdS = 3 × πr = 4π
S 3
2π 2
∫ r sin θdrdθdϕ
Q3 Text Solution: 0

→ →
π
Gauss Divergence theorem:
1 2
∭ ( ∇ ⋅ F )dV = 4∫ ∫ r sin θdrdθ
V 0 0
−
→ →
∫ ∫ F . n̂dS = ∫ ∫ ∫ ∇. F dv 2π
S V
[θ]
0
→
Given that- B (x, y, z) =
ˆ ˆ ˆ
x i + y j − 2zk → →
1 π
2
∭ ( ∇ ⋅ F )dV = 8π ∫ r dr (−cosθ)
V 0 0

Since surface s is a closed surface, Gauss-

→ →
divergence theorem can be applied ∭ ( ∇ ⋅ F )dV = 8π
V
−
→ →
∫ ∫ B. n̂dS = ∫ ∫ ∫ ∇. B dv
S V 1 2
→ ∫ r dr (−cosπ + cos 0)
0
ˆ ˆ ˆ
B (x, y, z) = x i + y j − 2zk
→ → 1 2
∭ ( ∇ ⋅ F )dV = 16π ∫ r dr
V 0
→ ∂(X) ∂(Y ) ∂(2Z )
∇. B = + − = 1 + 1 − 2
∂x ∂y ∂z
→ → 3
1
r
= 0 ∭ ( ∇ ⋅ F )dV = 16π[ ]
V 3
0
→
∫ B . n̂dS = 0
s → →
16π
∭ ( ∇ ⋅ F ) dV =
Q4 Text Solution: V 3

To find the value of the surface integral →

16π
So ∮ F. n̂ ds =
−
→ 3
∮ F . n̂ds over the given sphere S with the
Q5 Text Solution:
equation
2 2 2
(x − 1) + (y − 2) + (z − 3) = 1 −−−−−−−−− 2
z 3 3 z
2 2
we can use the divergence theorem- √2
= ±√
2
x +
2
y =
2

the divergence theorem states: 3x

2
+ 3y
2
− z
2
= 0

→ −→ → →
Let V = 3x
2
+ 3y
2
− z
2

∫ F . dS = ∭ ( ∇ . F )dV
V →
∇ V = 6xi + 6yj − 2zk
where V is the volume enclosed by the surface →
∇V 6xi+6yj−2zk
S. n̂ =
∣
→
∣
=
6√x +y
2 2
+z
2

→ ∣ ∇V ∣
ˆ ∣ ∣
ˆ ˆ
F = x i + y j + 2zk 2
6√ i+6*0j−4k
→ → 3
∂ ∂ ∂
∇. F = (x) + (y) + (2z) n̂ =
2
∂x ∂y ∂z
√36* +16
3
→ →
−−
∇. F = 4 3 ˆ 2 ˆ
n̂ = √ i − k
2 5 √10
and dV = r sin θdrdθdϕ

Q6 Text Solution:

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→
b c 2 3 2
∫ (∇. A )dV = ∫ ∫ [ a − 2ay ]dydz
V −b 0 3

→
c 4 3 4 3
∫ (∇. A )dV = ∫ [ a b − b a]dz
V 0 3 3

→
4 2 2
∫ (∇. A )dV = abc [a − b ]
V 3

Q9 Text Solution:
On the circle of radius R
3 3 ˆ 3 3 ˆ
a = −R sin θ i + R cos θ j

and dl = − sin θˆ ˆ
i Rdθ + cos θ j Rdθ
→
F (x, y) = (x
2 2 ˆ ˆ
+ y ) i + 2xy j so that:
2π 4 4 4 4
∣ i j k ∣ ∮ a. dl = ∫ R sin θdθ + R cos θdθ
0
→ ∣ ∣ 4
∂ ∂ ∂ 3πR
∇ × F (x, y) = ∣ ∣ ∮ a. dl =
∂x ∂y ∂z 2
∣ ∣ 2π 2π

∣x
2
+ y
2
2xy 0 ∣
Since ∫0 sin
4
θdθ = ∫
0
cos
4
θdθ =
3π

→
∇ × F (x, y) = 0 Q10 Text Solution:
Thus the force is conservative To apply Gauss’ Theorem, we need to figure out
Hence work done is independent of path Along div a and decide how to compute the volume
line OD integral.
y = x and dy = dx The first is easy:
→ 2
→ ∇. a = 3z
2 2
F .d l = (x + y )dx + 2xydy

→ →
For the second, because div a involves just z,
2 2
F .d l = (x + x )dx + 2xxdx we can divide the sphere into discs of
→ →
F .d l = ∫
1
(4x ) d x
2 constant z and thickness dz, Then
0
2 2
→ → dV = π (R − z ) dz
4
F .d l = R
3 2 2 2
∫ ∇. a d V = 3π ∫ z (R − z )dz
S _R

Q7 Text Solution: R z
2 3
z
5

∫ ∇. a d V = 3π [ − ]
→ → S 3 5
∫ r . n̂ds = ∫ ∇. r dv 5
4πR
→ ∫ ∇. a d V =
S 5
∫ r . n̂ds = ∫ 3dv
→ 2
∫ r . n̂ds = 3 * πa h
→ 2
∫ r . n̂ds = 3πa h

Q8 Text Solution:
→
Since A = xz
2ˆ
i − yz
2ˆ
j + z (x
2 2 ˆ
− y )k
→
2 2
∇. A = (x − y )

Thus,
→
a b
∫ (∇. A )dV = ∫ ∫
V −a −b

c 2 2
∫ (x − y )dxdydz
0

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