CBSE - 9

SCIENCE (Fundamental Unit of Life, Motion)

Time Allowed: 60 Minutes Maximum Marks: 35

INSTRUCTIONS
General:
(i) The question paper comprises of four sections, A, B, C and D, You are to attempt all the sections
(ii) All questions are compulsory.
(iii) All questions of sections A, B, C and D are to be attempted separately.
(iv) Question numbers 1 to 10 in section A are of half a mark each.
(v) Question numbers 11 to 15 in section B are of one mark each.
(vi) Question numbers 16 to 20 in section C are of two marks each.
(vii) Question numbers 21 to 25 in section D are of three marks each.

SECTION – A
Write one word for the given statements:

1. Thick liquid residing between the cell membrane holding all the cell's internal sub-structures except
for the nucleus.
2. Cellular organelles that contain acid hydrolase enzymes to break down waste materials and cellular
debris.
3. A double lipid bilayer that encloses the genetic material in eukaryotic cells.
4. Barrel-shaped cell structure found in most animal eukaryotic cells
5. Membrane-bound organelle which is present in all plant and fungal cells and some protist, animal
and bacterial cells.
6. Change in position of an object with respect to time.
7. The measurement of the rate and direction of change in the position of an object.
8. The motion of a body traversing a circular path at constant speed.
9. Simple physical quantity that is not changed by coordinate system rotations or translations
(in Newtonian mechanics), or by Lorentz transformations or space-time translations
(in relativity).
10. An assignment of displacement vectors for all points in a region or body that is displaced from one
state to another.
SECTION – B

11. The speed of a car is 72km/hr. Convert it into m/s.

12. Explain the mechanism of motion by the help of distance time graph.
13. Explain when the acceleration of a body is zero.
14. State the important function of Endoplasmic reticulum.
15. Draw human nerve and blood cell.
SECTION – C
16. Write any two differences between plasma membrane and cell well.
17. Substances like CO2 and water move in and out of the cell. Explain how ?
18. Explain the following terms :
(a) Endocytosis. (b) Plasmolsis.
19. A car travels a distance of 200 km from Delhi to Ambala towards North in 5 hours. Calculate
(i) speed & (ii) velocity of car for this journey ?
20. The motion of Satellites are considered an accelerated motion. Why ?

SECTION – D
21. The brakes applied to a car produced an acceleration of 6 ms–2 in the opposite direction to the
motion. If the car takes 2s to stop after the application of brakes, calculate the distance it travels
during this time.
22. What will happen if we put an animal cell or a plant cell into a solution of sugar or salt.
23. Consider the situation shown in fig. below:
(a) What is the position of a particle when it is at P1 and when it is at P2.
(b) Are the positions same?
Are the two distance of the particle from the origin same?

24. Explain the mechanism of food taking in Amoeba.

25. A car covers 30 km at a uniform speed of 60km/h and the next 30 km/h at a uniform speed of
40 km/h. find the total time taken.

SCIENCE (Fundamental Unit of Life, Motion)

HINTS & SOLUTIONS
 SAMPLE PAPER FOR SCIENCE CLASS-IX

1. Cytoplasm
The cytoplasm is a thick liquid residing between the cell membrane holding all the cell's internal
sub-structures (called organelles), except for the nucleus. All the contents of the cells of
prokaryote organisms (which lack a cell nucleus) are contained within the cytoplasm.
2. Lysosomes
Lysosomes are cellular organelles that contain acid hydrolase enzymes to break down waste
materials and cellular debris. They are found in animal cells, while in yeast and plants the same
roles are performed by lytic vacuoles. Lysosomes digest excess or worn-out organelles, food
particles, and engulfed viruses or bacteria.
3. Nuclear Enevelop
The nuclear envelope (NE) (also known as the perinuclear envelope, nuclear membrane,
nucleolemma or karyotheca) is a double lipid bilayer that encloses the genetic material in
eukaryotic cells.
4. Centriole
A centriole is a barrel-shaped cell structure found in most animal eukaryotic cells, though it is
absent in higher plants and most fungi.The walls of each centriole are usually composed of nine
triplets of microtubules (protein of the cytoskeleton)
5. Vacuoles
A vacuole is a membrane-bound organelle which is present in all plant and fungal cells and
some protist, animal and bacterial cells.
6. Motion
Motion is a change in position of an object with respect to time. Change in action is the result
of an unbalanced force.
7. Velocity
Velocity is the measurement of the rate and direction of change in the position of an object. It
is a vector physical quantity; both magnitude and direction are required to define it. The scalar
absolute value (magnitude) of velocity is speed, a quantity that is measured in metres per second
(m/s or ms−1) when using the SI (metric) system.
8. Uniform Circular Motion
Uniform circular motion describes the motion of a body traversing a circular path at constant
speed. The distance of the body from the axis of rotation remains constant at all times.
9. Scalar Quantity
A scalar is a simple physical quantity that is not changed by coordinate system rotations or
translations (in Newtonian mechanics), or by Lorentz transformations or space-time
translations (in relativity)
10. Displacement Field
A displacement field is an assignment of displacement vectors for all points in a region or body
that is displaced from one state to another. A displacement vector specifies the position of a
point or a particle in reference to an origin or to a previous position
11. Given Speed = 72 km/hr
72 km
= , 1km= 1000m , 1hr=60 X 60=3600
1 hr
72 ´ 1000m
So, speed= , i.e. speed=20m/s
1 ´ 3600 s
12. The distance time graph for a body having uniform motion is always represented as in a straight
line

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 SAMPLE PAPER FOR SCIENCE CLASS-IX

13. Acceleration= Change in velocity/ Time interval, When the velocity of a body does not change
i.e. final velocity is equal to the initial velocity.
a = v–u/t = u–u/t = 0/t = 0
14. Endoplasmic Reticulum responsible for the synthesis of proteins, fats and lipids
15. Nerve Cell

Blood Cell

16.
Plasma Membrane Cell Wall
1. It is made up of lipids and protein. 1. It is made up of cellulose.
2. It regulates entry and exit of 2. Cell wall provides structural strength to the
molecules in and out of the cell. plants.

17. Gases like CO2 and O2 move in the and out of the cell by diffusion from their higher
concentration to lower concentration. Water enters the cell by endosmosis through semi -
permeable plasma membrane from its higher concentration to lower concentration. Similarly,
water moves out of the cell by exosmosis when a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution.
18. (a) Endocytosis- The flexibility of the cell membrane enables the cell to engulf in food and
other material from its external environment. Such processes are known as endocytosis.
(b) Plasmolysis - When a living plant cell loses water through osmosis, there is shrinkage or
contraction of the contents of the cell away from the cell wall. This phenomenon is known as
plasmolysis
19. (i) Speed = Distance travelled/ Time taken
= 200km/5hr
= 40 km/hr
(ii) Velocity = Displacement / time taken
= 200km towards North/ 5 hr
= 40km /hr towards North

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 SAMPLE PAPER FOR SCIENCE CLASS-IX

20. Satellites revolve around their planets in almost in a circular orbits with constant speed. Thus,
during their motion, the speed remains constant, when the direction of motion changes
continuously, resultant there is a change in their velocity. Therefore, the motion of Satellites
around their planets considered an accelerated motion.
21. Given a = -6 ms-2 t = 2 s, v = 0 ms-1
From eq. v= u+at
0= u+ (-6)*2=12 ms-1
From eq. s= ut+1/2 at2
= 12*2+1/2(-6) (2) 2
= 24-12=12m
Thus the car will move 12m before it stops after applying brakes
22. Osmosis will take place and the movement of water molecules will depend on the concentration
of the surrounding solution.
(i) If the medium surrounding the cell has a higher water concentration than the cell, it means
that the outside solution is very dilute, then the cell will gain water by osmosis. Such a solution
is known as a hypotonic solution. The cell is likely to swell up. This is called endosmosis.
(ii) If the medium has exactly the same water concentration as the cell, there will be no net
movement of water across the cell membrane. Such a solution is known as an isotonic solution.
The cell will stay the same size.
23. (a) The position of the particle is
x = 2m when it is at P1
x = –2m when it is at P2
(b) The two positions are not same as they are in different directions
(c) The distances of the particle from the origin in the two positions are same and equal to
2 meters.
24. Amoeba engulfs its food by forming pseudopodia around the food particle.
These pseudopodia are projections of cell membrane. Once surrounded by pseudopodia the
food becomes part of cell and it forms a food vacuole. This method of engulfing food is termed
as endocytosis (phagocytosis).

Distance
25. Uniform speed =
Time
Distance
Time =
Time

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 SAMPLE PAPER FOR SCIENCE CLASS-IX

If the car takes time t1 to cover the first 30km= (60km/h) x t1

30km 1
t1 = = hr =30min
60km \ hr 2
Similarly the car takes time t2 to cover the next 30 Km,
30 km= (40km/h) x t2
30km 3
t2 = = hr =45 min
40km \ hr 4
Total time taken is = t1 + t2
= 30 + 45 = 57 minutes

***

5
 CBSE - 9
SCIENCE (Tissues, Matter in Our Surroundings)

Time Allowed: 60 Minutes Maximum Marks: 35

INSTRUCTIONS
General:
(i) The question paper comprises of four sections, A, B, C and D, You are to attempt all the sections
(ii) All questions are compulsory.
(iii) All questions of sections A, B, C and D are to be attempted separately.
(iv) Question number 1 to 10 in section A are of half mark.
(v) Question number 11 to 15 in section B are of one mark.
(vi) Question number 16 to 20 in section C are of two marks.
(vii) Question number 21 to 25 in section D are of three marks.

SECTION – A

1. Name the meristematic tissue, which increases the thickness of plants.

2. What is middle lamella?
3. What are the other names of striated muscles?
4. Give example of a cartilaginous bone in our body.
5. Name types of simple tissues.
6. Define matter.
7. Write the full form of L.P.G.
8. Write the full form of C.N.G.
9. Is matter continuous or particulate?
10. What are volatile liquids?

SECTION – B

11. How many types of elements together makeup the xylem tissue? Name them.
12. What are the functions of stomata?
13. How many types of tissues are found in animals?
14. Define diffusion.
15. Give reasons for -
 The smell of hot sizzling food reaches you several meters away, but to get the smell from cold
food you have to go close.

SECTION – C

16. What is the composition of blood?

17. Name the following.
(a) Tissue that forms the inner lining of our mouth.
(b) Tissue that connects muscle to bone in human.
(c) Tissue that transports food in plants.
(d) Tissue that stores fat in our body.
18. A diver is able to cut through water in a swimming pool. Which property of matter does this
observation show?
19. Liquids generally have lower density as compared to solids. But ice floats on water. Why?
20. What type of clothes should we wear in summer?

SECTION – D

21. What is the difference between striated, unstriated and cardiac muscles?
22. What are the functions of connective tissue?
23. Define the following terms.
Latent heat of fusion, latent heat of vaporization, sublimation.
24. Differentiate between evaporation and boiling.
25. (a) What are the functions of areolar tissue?
(b) Draw a labelled diagram of a neuron.

CBSE - 9
SCIENCE (Tissues, Matter in Our Surroundings)
HINTS & SOLUTIONS
 SAMPLE PAPER FOR SCIENCE CLASS-IX

1. Cambium (lateral meristem)

2. Wall between adjacent plant cells is known as middle lamella.
3. Skeletal and voluntary muscles.
4. Nose and ear pinna.
5. Parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma.
6. Anything which occupies space and has mass is known as matter.
7. LPG - Liquefied petroleum gas.
8. CNG - Compressed natural gas.
9. Matter is not continuous, it is particulate in nature i.e. it is made up of particles.
10. Liquids having low boiling points are known as volatile liquids.
11. Xylem is made of four types of elements -
(i) Trachieds
(ii) Vessels
(iii) Xylem fibres and
(iv) Xylem parenchyma
12. (i) Gaseous exchange
(ii) Transpiration
13. Four types of tissues are found in animals:
(i) Epithelial
(ii) Muscular
(iii) Connective
(iv) Nervous
14. When particles of one substance occupy the vacant spaces present in the particles of the other
substance, this is called diffusion.
15. This is because the particles of fragrance move faster at higher temp due to more K.E. and
diffuse into the air of the various rooms.
16. Blood comprises of a liquid matrix also called plasma in which following types of blood cells
are found -
RBC (Red Blood Corpuscles)
WBC (White Blood Corpuscles)
Platelets.
17. (a) Squamous epithelium.
(b) Tendon.
(c) Phloem
(d) Adipose tissue
18. This observation supports the following properties of water (or liquids).
(i) The intermolecular forces in water (or liquids) are not very strong.
(ii) The particles in liquids can be easily displaced from their original position.
(iii) Liquids show reasonable fluidity
19. In ice, molecules form hydrogen bonds. Ice exists in cage like structure. Due to cage like
structure, the molecules of water are not closely packed in ice but have vacant spaces between
them. Due to this, ice has less density than water & floats on water-

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 SAMPLE PAPER FOR SCIENCE CLASS-IX

20. During summers, we perspire, more due to the body mechanism to keep it cool. The perspiration
comes out through the pores in our skin. It evaporates absorbing heat from our body leaving it
cool. Cotton is a good absorber of water. It absorbs the sweat and exposes it to the atmosphere.
This speeds up evaporation of the sweat and makes us comfortable. Hence, we should wear
cotton clothes during summers.
21. The difference between striated, unstriated and cardiac muscles is as follows

Striated muscles Unstriated (Smooth) muscles Cardiac muscles

1. They are found in limbs, 1. They are present in the wall 1. They form myocardium of
tongue, pharynx etc. of visceral organs. the heart.
2. Long, cylindrical with blunt 2. Short, spindle shaped with 2. Short, cylindrical with flat
ends. pointed ends. ends.
3. Multinucleate, nuclei 3. Uninucleate, nucleus in the 3. Uninucleate, nucleus in the
peripheral. center. center.
4. They are voluntary in action. 4. They are involuntary in 4. They are involuntary in
action. action.
5. Presence of dark and light 5. No bands present. 5. Bands present.
bands.

22. The functions of connective tissue are as follows:

1. It has jelly like ground substance, which acts as lubricant.
2. Bones and cartilage form skeleton and protect the delicate organs of body.
3. Adipose tissue, another kind of connective tissue helps in storage of fats.
4. Plasma cells make antibodies.
5. Fluid connective tissues (blood and lymph) help in transport of materials.
23. Latent heat of fusion- The amount of heat energy that is required to change 1 Kg of a solid
into liquid at atm. Press. At its m.pt. is known as the latent heat of fusion
Latent heat of vaporization - The amount of heat energy that is required to change 1kg of a
liquid into vapours without any rise in temp. is known as latent heat of vaporization.
Sublimation - When a substance changes directly from solid state to gaseous state & vice
versa without changing into the liquid state it is called sublimation.
24.
Evaporation Boiling
1. Evaporation of a liquid takes place of it own 1. Boiling occurs only when the liquid is heated.
2. Evaporation takes place at all temperatures. 2. Boiling takes place at a specific temp. Known
as the boiling point of a liquid.
3. Evaporation is a surface phenomenon and 3. Boiling occurs from the surface as well as
occurs only from the surface of the liquid. from below the surface of the liquid.

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 SAMPLE PAPER FOR SCIENCE CLASS-IX

25. (a) (i) It fills the space inside the organs.

(ii) Supports internal organs.
(iii) Helps in repair of tissues.
(b)

Neuron-unit of Nervous tissue

4
 SCIENCE
CLASS – IX
Topics: Motion, Matter in our surroundings and The Fundamental Unit of Life.

Time Allowed: 1 hour Maximum Marks: 30 Marks

General Instructions:
1. All questions are compulsory.
2. Question 1 to 3 are very short questions. These carry one mark each.
3. Question 4 to 7 are short answer type questions and carry two marks each.
4. Question 8 to 10 are short answer type questions and carry three marks each.
5. Question 11 and 12 are long answer type questions and carry five marks each.

1. Name any two cell organelles having double-membrane envelope.

2. Earth revolves around the sun in a circular orbit with a uniform speed. Is this motion
accelerated? Give reason.

3. Expand
(a) CNG (b) LPG

4. Liquids generally have lower density as compared to solids. But, you must have observed
that ice floats on water. Why?

5. A ball is gently dropped from a height of 20 m. If its velocity increases uniformly at the rate
of 10 m/s2, with what velocity will it strike the ground? After what time will it strike the
ground?

6. What is plasmolysis? Under which condition does it takes place?

7. Differentiate between speed and velocity.

8. (a) Suggest two methods to liquefy atmospheric gases.

(b) What produces more severe burns, boiling water or steam? Explain.

9. Derive third equation of motion graphically.

10. Name a cell organelle found only in plant cell. Name its types and their functions.

11. (a) Why water droplets are seen on the outer surface of a glass tumbler containing icy
cold water?
(b) What is sublimation?
(c) Convert the following temperature to Celsius scale :
 (i) 573 K
(ii) 273 K
(d) Convert a speed of 15 m/s into km/h.

12. Explain the various components of nucleus with the help of a well-labelled diagram.

SCIENCE
CLASS – IX
Topics: Motion, Matter in our surroundings and The Fundamental Unit of Life.

SOLUTIONS

1. Mitochondria and plastids (chloroplasts). [1]

2. This motion is an accelerated motion, because of continuous change in the direction of

motion. [1]

3. (a) Compressed natural gas. [½]

(b) Liquefied petroleum gas. [½]

4. The water in form of ice (solid) forms hydrogen bonds, due to which, some empty spaces
are created between the molecules of water in ice. As a result, volume increases for the
same mass of water in ice. In other words, mass per unit volume or density of ice is less
than that of water and hence ice floats on water. [2]
H

H O H O
O H H
H Vacant
H Space H

H O H O
Hydrogen Bond

5. Here, Height = distance = s = 20 m

acceleration, a = 10 m/s2
final velocity, v = ?
time taken, t = ?
as the ball is gently dropped, its initial velocity, u = 0
From v2 - u2 = 2as
v2 = u2 + 2as
= 0 + 2 (10) x 20
 = 400

or v= 400 = 20 m/s [1]

From v = u + at,
20 = 0 + 10 t,
20
t= = 2s [1]
10

6. When a plant cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, it loses water through osmosis. This
results in shrinkage or contraction of contents of cell away from the cell wall. This
phenomenon is known as plasmolysis. [2]

7. Difference between speed and velocity.

Speed Velocity
1. It is the distance covered per unit time. 1. It is the displacement covered per unit
time. [1]
2. Speed has only magnitude i.e., it is a 2. Velocity has both magnitude as well as
scalar. direction i.e., it is a vector. [1]
3. Speed is always positive. 3. Velocity can be positive or negative.

8. (a) The two methods by which atmospheric gases can be liquefied are:
(i) By increasing the pressure. [1]
(ii) By decreasing the temperature (i.e. by cooling). [1]
(b) Steam will produce more severe burns than boiling water because the steam has more
heat energy stored in it than in boiling water at the same temperature (i.e. at 373K) due
to latent heat of vaporization. [1]

9. To derive v2 - u2 = 2as by graphical method

Let a body is moving uniformly with initial velocity ‘u’ attains the final velocity ‘v’ in time ‘t’. If
‘s’ is the distance covered and ‘a’ is the acceleration of body then : [1]
In the speed time graph, distance
travelled (s) = Area of trapezium OPNR
M N
1
s = ´ (sum of parallel sides) ´ height
Velocity

2 v-u
1 v
s= ´ (OP + RN) ´ OR P Q
2 t
u
1
s= ´ (u + v) ´ t O
2 Time t R
1
s= ´ (v + u) t …(i)
2
But v = u + at
 at = v - u
æv -u ö
t =ç ÷ … (ii) [1]
è a ø
Putting this value of ‘t’ from equation (ii) into equation (i) we get that ------
1 æv -u ö
s= ´ (v + u) ç ÷
2 è a ø

s=
(v + u )(v - u )
2a
v - u2
2
s= [As, (a + b) (a - b) = a 2 - b 2 ]
2a
2as = v 2 - u 2
v 2 - u 2 = 2as [1]

10. Plastids are found only in plant. [½]

They are of three types:
(i) Leucoplasts – Colourless plastids
(ii) Chromoplasts – Coloured plastids
(iii) Chloroplasts – Green coloured plastids [1]
Leucoplasts store starch, protein and fat.

Chromoplasts provide colour to fruits and flowers.

Green coloured chloroplast is the site of photosynthesis and it contains chlorophyll. [1½]

11. (a) This is due to the reason that, water vapours present in air, on coming in contact with
the cold surface of the glass, lose energy and get condensed or get converted into the
liquid state which are seen as water droplets. [1]

(b) Sublimation is the phenomena of changing of a solid directly into a gas or vice-versa
without changing into liquid state. [1]

(c) We know that, °C = K – 273

(i) 573 K = 573 – 273 = 300°C [1]

(ii) 273 K = 273 – 273 = 0°C [1]
15 metre 15 ´ 10 -3 km
(d) v= = = 54 km/h [1]
sec 1
h
60 ´ 60
12. Nucleus is the most important and essential part of the cell. Its shape differs from cell to
cell. It is present in the cytoplasm of the cell.
Structure
(1) It is generally spherical or oval in shape. In the animal cells, it is usually located near
the centre of the cell.

[1]

(2) Nucleus has following important parts :

(a) Nuclear membrane, (b) Nucleoplasm, (c) Chromatin material, and (d) Nucleolus.
(a) Nuclear membrane: It is a double layered membrane that encloses the nucleus. It
has pores called nuclear pores that allow exchange of substances between nucleus
and cytoplasm. [1]
(b) Nucleoplasm: It is a jelly-like substance within the nucleus. The chromatin material
and nucleolus are suspended in it. [1]
(c) Chromatin material: It is in the form of a network of thread-like structures called
chromosomes. Chromosomes are visible during cell division only when they
condense and appear as rod-like structures. [1]
• Chromosomes are mainly made up of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and contain
genes.
• Genes are the units of hereditary information and are arranged in a single linear
order on chromosome.
(d) Nucleolus: It is a more or less spherical or oval structure present within the
nucleus. [1]
• It is most prominent in non-dividing cell.
• It contains large amount of RNA. RNA helps in the synthesis of ribosomes.
• Nucleolus is a site within the nucleus where ribosomes are made.
 SCIENCE
CLASS – IX
Topics: Force and Laws of Motion, Is Matter Around Us Pure, Natural Resources, The
Fundamental of Unit Life.

Time Allowed: 1 hour Maximum Marks: 30 Marks

General Instructions:
1. All questions are compulsory.
2. Marks of each question are mentioned in front of them.

PHYSICS

1. Why are road accidents at high speeds very much worse than accidents at low speeds? [1]

2. A hammer of mass 500 g, moving at 50 m/s, strikes a nail. The nail stops the hammer in a
very short time of 0.01 s. What is the force exerted by the hammer on the nail? [2]

3. Give reason.
(a) A cricketer brings his hands backwards while catching a ball.
(b) When a branch of a tree is shaken, its fruits fall down.
(c) When a carpet is beaten with a stick, dust comes out of it. [3]

4. (a) How will you show mathematically that rate of change of momentum of an object is
directly proportional to the applied unbalanced force in the direction of the force?
(b) A bullet of mass 10 g traveling horizontally with a velocity of 150 ms–1 strikes a
stationary wooden block and comes to rest in 0.03 s. Calculate the distance of
penetration of the bullet into the block. Also, calculate the magnitude of the force
exerted by the wooden block on the bullet. [5]

CHEMISTRY
1. A solution contains 16 g of urea in 120 g of the solution. What is mass by mass percentage
of solution? [1]
2. (a) Name two types of natural resources with examples.
(b) Give two effects of soil erosion. [2]
3. Differentiate between compounds and mixtures (3 points). [3]

4. (a) Can we separate a mixture of alcohol and water by a separating funnel? Why or
why not?
(b) Paints often need to be stirred thoroughly before use. Why?
(c) Name atleast two natural sources of air pollution.
(d) State one instance where water undergoes a physical change and one in which it
undergoes a chemical change. [5]

BIOLOGY
1. Give the full form of ATP. [1]

2. (a) Name the following:

(i) Pigment present in chloroplast.
(ii) Hereditary Units.
(b) What would happen to the life of a cell if there was no golgi apparatus? [2]

3. Write atleast four differences between the plasma membrane and cell wall? [2]

4. A cell organelle found in eukaryotic cell occurs in the form of cisternae, vesicles and
tubules. It has two types and one of its types plays a crucial role in detoxifying many
poisons and drugs. Identify it. Mention its types and their other functions (atleast three). [3]

SCIENCE
CLASS – IX
Topics: Force and Laws of Motion, Is Matter Around Us Pure, Natural Resources, The
Fundamental of Unit Life.

SOLUTIONS

1. The road accidents at high speeds involve much larger change in momentum in much
smaller time. Therefore, forces developed (change in momentum/time) are very huge
resulting in a disaster. [1]

500
2. Here, m = 500 g = kg = 0.5 kg
1000
u = 50 m/s, v = 0, t = 0.01 s
 F=? [1]
m(v - u )
F = ma =
t
0.5(0 - 50)
= = -2500 N
0.01
Negative sign indicates the opposing force. [1]

3. (a) When the cricketer brings his hands backwards while catching a ball, it increases the
time during which high velocity of ball is reduced to zero. This would decrease the rate
of change of momentum and hence force acting on the hands. [1]
(b) The fruits fall down due to inertia of rest. [1]
(c) When a carpet is beaten with a stick, it comes in motion. The dust particles in the
carpet tend to remain at rest due to inertia of rest. That is why, these particles fall down
and separate. [1]

4. (a) According to Newton’s second law, the rate of change of momentum is directly
proportional to the applied unbalanced force in the direction of the force.
Let ‘m’ be the mass of a moving body with initial velocity ‘u’ and final velocity ‘v’.
Initial momentum = mu
Final momentum = mv
Change in momentum = mv – mu
mv - mu m(v - u ) é v -u ù
Rate of change of momentum = = = ma ê As t = a ú.
t t ë û
\ Rate of change of momentum = F [2]
10
(b) Here, m = 10 g = kg = 10 -2 kg
1000
Initial velocity, u = 150 ms -1
Final velocity, v =0
Time taken, t = 0.03 s
Distance of penetration, s = ?s
Force applied, F =?
v - u 0 - 150
Acceleration, a= - = 5 ´ 10 3 ms -2
t 0.03
From v 2 - u 2 = 2as, 0 - (150 ) 2 = 2( -5 ´ 10 3 ) s
- 150 ´ 150
Or = = 2.25 m
- 10 ´ 10 3
As F = ma, F = 10 -2 ( -5 ´ 10 3 ) = -50 N
Magnitude of force F = 50 N [3]

CHEMISTRY
 16
1. Mass percentage of solution = ´ 100 = 13.3%. [1]
120

2. (a) (i) Inexhaustible resources: Water, air and solar radiations. [½]
(ii) Exhaustible resources: Coal, petroleum, minerals, animals and forests. [½]
(b) (i) Reduction in fertility of soil. [½]
(ii) Desertification. [½]

3. Differences between a mixture and a compound are :

S. No. Mixture Compound
1. The composition of a mixture is The composition of a compound is fixed.
variable. The constituents in a The constituents in a compound are
mixture may be present in any present in a fixed proportion by mass. [1]
proportion.

2. The constituents of a mixture can The constituents of a compound cannot

be separated by physical methods. be separated by physical methods. [1]
3. A mixture may be homogeneous or A compound is a homogeneous
heterogeneous. substance. [1]
4. A mixture shows the properties of The properties of a compound are entirely
its constituents. different from its constituents.
5. A mixture does not have a fixed A compound has a fixed melting point
melting point and boiling point. and boiling point.
6. Energy is neither absorbed nor Energy is either absorbed or evolved
evolved during the preparation of a during the formation of a compound.
mixture.

4. (a) No, we can not separate a mixture of alcohol and water by a separating funnel
because the two liquids are miscible. [1]
(b) Paints are colloidal solutions. On keeping for longer periods, they tend to settle down.
Therefore, to bring the settled particles in the colloidal state, paints are often stirred
thoroughly before use. [1]
(c) Forest fires, volcanic eruptions, dust and pollen grains. [1]
(d) Physical change: Freezing of water into ice or boiling of water to form steam. [1]
Chemical change: Electrolysis of water to form hydrogen and oxygen gas. [1]

BIOLOGY
1. Adenosine triphosphate. [1]

2. (a) (i) Chlorophyll [½]

(ii) Genes [½]
 (b) Golgi apparatus is involved in the storage, modification and packaging of materials in
vesicles. It is also involved in the formation of lysosomes. These basic metabolic functions
of the cells are not possible if golgi apparatus is not there. [1]

3. Differences between plasma membrane and cell wall are:

Plasma Membrane Cell Wall
1. It is made up of lipids and proteins. It is made up of cellulose. [½]
2. It is living. It is dead. [½]
3. It is present in both plant and animal cell. It is found exclusively in plant cell. [½]
4. It is semi-permeable. It is fully permeable. [½]

4. The cell organelle is Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER). [½]

Depending upon the presence or absence of ribosomes on the surface of ER, there are two
types of E.R. in the cells:
(i) Smooth ER (SER) – devoid of ribosomes and has smooth membranes. [½]
(ii) Rough ER (RER) or granular ER – studded with ribosomes and have rough and
granular surface. [½]
Functions
(i) It forms supporting skeletal framework of the cell.
(ii) ER provides a pathway for distribution of nuclear material from one cell to another. [½]
(iii) Enzymes present in smooth ER synthesize fats (lipids), steroids and cholesterol. [½]
(iv) Rough E.R. is responsible for synthesis and transport of proteins. [½]
(vi) The nuclear membrane of nucleus is formed by ER in new cells (membrane
biogenesis)
 SCIENCE
CLASS – IX
Topics: Is Matter Around Us Pure, Gravitation and Tissues.

Time Allowed: 1 hour Maximum Marks: 30 Marks

General Instructions:
1. All questions are compulsory.
2. Marks of each question are mentioned in front of them.

PHYSICS
1. A ball projected vertically upwards with an initial velocity u goes to a maximum height h.
(a) What is its velocity at the highest point?
(b) What is the value of h? [1]

2. Distinguish between G and g. [2]

3. When a ball is thrown vertically upwards, it goes through a distance of 19.6 m. Find the
initial velocity of the ball and the time taken by it to rise to the highest point. ( g = 9.8 m/s 2 )
[2]

4. (a) How is thrust different from pressure?

(b) Why school bags have wide straps?
(c) How does a ship made of iron floats on water whereas a nail of iron sinks into it.
Explain? [5]

CHEMISTRY

1. Write the principle of separation of constituents of a mixture by distillation. [1]

2. How can a saturated solution be made unsaturated? (Suggest two ways). [1]

3. Differentiate true solution, colloid and suspension based on nature, particle size and
Tyndall effect. [3]
4. Which separation techniques will you apply for the separation of the following?
(a) Sodium chloride from its solution in water.
(b) Ammonium chloride from a mixture containing sodium chloride and ammonium
chloride.
(c) Small pieces of metal in the engine oil of a car.
 (d) Different pigments from an extract of flower petals.
(e) Butter from curd.
(f) Oil from water.
(g) Tea leaves from tea.
(h) Iron pins from sand.
(i) Wheat grains from husk.
(j) Fine mud particles suspended in water. [5]

BIOLOGY

1. Which tissue makes up the husk of coconut? [1]

2. Give differences between tendon and ligament. [2]

3. Identify and specify the type of tissue in the following :

(a) Skin
(b) Inner lining of stomach
(c) Tip of the nose
(d) Vascular bundle [2]

4. (a) The diagram given below is a type of muscle tissue. Identify it. Where is this tissue
present?

(b) How is the above identified muscle tissue different from the muscle tissue associated
with the bones.
(c) What is areolar tissue? Where is it located?
(d) Differentiate between meristematic and permanent tissues (two points)? [5]
SCIENCE
CLASS – IX
Topics: Is Matter Around Us Pure, Gravitation and Tissues.
 SOLUTIONS

1. (a) Zero [½]

u2
(b) h = [½]
2g

2. Differences between G and g

S. No. Gravitational constant (G) Acceleration due to gravity (g)

1. It is defined as the force of It is defined as the acceleration of an

attraction between two objects of object freely falling under the action of
unit mass each separated by unit force of gravity. [1]
distance.

2. It is a universal constant and its It is constant at a given place and its

value is 6.673 ´ 10 -11 Nm 2 kg -2 value changes from place to place. Mean
value of g on surface of earth is 9.8 ms-2.
[1]

3. Here, Initial velocity of ball, u = ? (To be calculated)

Final velocity of ball, v =0
Acceleration due to gravity, g = -9.8 m/s 2
And height, h = 19.6 m
Now, putting all these values in the formula:
v 2 = u 2 + 2gh
We get (0) 2 = u 2 + 2 ´ ( -9.8) ´ 19.6
0 = u 2 - 19.6 ´ 19.6
u 2 = (19.6) 2
So, u = 19.6 m/s [1]
Here, Final velocity, v =0 (The ball stops)
Initial velocity, u = 19.6 m/s (Calculated above)
Acceleration due to gravity, g = -9.8 m/s 2
And, Time t = ? (To be calculated)
So, putting these values in the above equation, we get
0 = 19.6 + ( -9.8) ´ t
0 = 19.6 - 9.8t
9.8t = 19.6
19.6
t = t = 2s
9 .8
 Thus, the ball takes 2 seconds to reach the highest point of its upward journey. The ball will
take an equal time that is 2 seconds to fall back to the ground. So the ball will take a total
of 2 + 2 = 4 seconds to reach back to the thrower. [1]

4. (a)
Thrust Pressure
1. Force acting normally on a 1. The thrust acting on unit area of the
surface is called the thrust. surface is called the pressure. [½]
2. Unit of thrust is Newton (N) 2. Unit of pressure is Pascal. [½]
(b) A school bag has wide straps made of thick cloth so that the weight of bag may fall
over a large area of the shoulder of the child producing less pressure on the shoulder.
Due to less pressure, it would be more comfortable to carry the heavy school bag. On
the other hand, if the school bag has a straps made of thin strings, then the weight of
school bag will fall over a small area of the shoulder. This will produce a large
pressure on the shoulder of the child and it will become very painful to carry the heavy
school bag. [2]
(c) A ship displaces more water due to its shape and the weight of displaced water is
more than its own weight. So, upthrust is more and the ship floats. In the case of iron
nail, the weight of displaced water is less than its own weight and so it sinks. [2]

CHEMISTRY
1. The principle of distillation is difference in boiling point of constituents. Component with
lesser boiling point vaporizes first and gets separated. [1]

2. A saturated solution can be made unsaturated in the following two ways:

(a) By increasing the temperature of the solution. When a saturated solution is heated,
solubility of the solute increases and hence the solution becomes unsaturated. [½]
(b) By adding more of the solvent or by diluting. [½]

3. Differences between true solution, colloid and suspension are:

Types True Solution Suspension Colloid
Nature Homogenous Heterogeneous Heterogeneous [1]
Particle size < 10 -7 cm > 10 -5 cm 10 -7 - 10 -5 cm [1]
Shows Tyndall effect
Tyndall effect Do not show Tyndall effect Shows Tyndall effect
[1]
4. (a) Evaporation.
(b) Sublimation.
(c) Filtration.
(d) Chromatography.
(e) Centrifugation.
(f) Separating funnel.
(g) Filtration.
 (h) Using a magnet.
(i) Blowing air or sieving.
(j) Using alum (Loading). [½ × 10 = 5]

BIOLOGY

1. Sclerenchyma. [1]

2. Differences between tendon and ligament.

Tendon Ligament
1. Rigid not elastic. Elastic. [1]
2. Joins muscle to bone. Joins bone to bone. [1]

3. (a) Stratified squamous epithelium

(b) Columnar (glandular) epithelium
(c) Cartilage (skeletal tissue)
(d) Complex permanent tissue (xylem and phloem) [2]

4. (a) Cardiac muscle tissue. It is located in the wall of the heart. [1]
(b) The muscle tissue associated with the bones in skeletal muscle. [½]
Skeletal Muscle Cardiac Muscle
1. It is voluntary muscle. 1. It is involuntary muscle.
2. It is not branched. 2. It is branched and has intercalated
disc. [1]
(c) Areolar tissue is a connective tissue with semi-solid matrix. It is present as a packing
material in internal organs, between skin and muscles, around blood vessels, etc.[1½]
(d)
Meristematic Tissue Permanent Tissue
1. The cells of meristematic tissue 1. The cells of permanent tissue have lost
divide rapidly. their capacity of division.
2. The cells of this tissue are always 2. The cells of this tissue may be living or
living. dead. [1]
 SCIENCE
CLASS – IX
Topics: Work and Energy, Atomic Structure and Why Do We Fall Ill?

Time Allowed: 1 hour Maximum Marks: 30 Marks

General Instructions:
1. All questions are compulsory.
2. Marks of each question are mentioned in front of them.

PHYSICS
1. A person holds a bundle of hay over his head for 30 minutes and gets tired. Has he done
some work or not? Justify your answer. [1]

2. (a) Define power. Also define its SI unit.

(b) A battery lights a bulb. Describe the energy transformations involved in the process.
[2]
3. If the kinetic energy of body A and B are in the ratio 9 : 1, find the ratio of their final
velocities. (Masses of A and B are equal). [2]

4. (a) Derive a mathematical expression for kinetic energy of a body.

(b) A rocket of mass 3 ´ 10 6 kg takes off from a launching pad and acquires a vertical
velocity of 1 km/s and an altitude of 25 km. Calculate its:
(i) Potential Energy (ii) Kinetic Energy. (Take g = 10 m/s2). [5]

CHEMISTRY

1. If K and L shells of an atom are full, then what would be the total number of electrons in the
atom? [1]

2. What are the limitations of Rutherford’s model of the atom? [1]

3. (a) Chlorine occurs in nature in two isotopic forms with masses 35u and 37u in the ratio
of 3 : 1. Calculate the average atomic mass of chlorine atom on the basis of this
data.
(b) Give uses of three isotopes. [3]
4. (a) An element has an atomic number 12 and an atomic mass number 26. Draw a
diagram showing the distribution of electron in the orbits and the nuclear composition
of the neutral atom of the element. What is the valency of the element and why is it
so?
(b) Which electrons determine the chemical properties of an element?
(c) Fill in the blanks :
(i) The fundamental particle not present in hydrogen atom is _______.
(ii) Almost all the mass of an atom is concentrated in a small region of space called the
______.
(iii) The maximum number of electrons that can be accommodated in M shell are ______.
(iv) An atom of an element has 11 protons, 11 electrons and 12 neutrons. The atomic
mass of the atoms is _______. . [5]

BIOLOGY

1. What are the diseases that do not spread? Give two examples. [1]

2. (a) Name some categories of organisms which are disease causing.

(b) Give one example of each of the following:
(i) Disease which spreads through air.
(ii) Disease which speads through water. [2]

3. How are symptoms different from signs of a disease? [2]

4. (a) Differentiate between disease-free and healthy (two points).

(b) How antibiotic penicillin affects bacteria?
(c) Expand the term HIV and AIDS.
(d) Apart from sexual contact AIDS virus can spread through which other means. [5]

SCIENCE
CLASS – IX
Topics: Work and Energy, Atomic Structure and Why Do We Fall Ill?

SOLUTIONS
PHYSICS

1. The person holding a bundle of hay on his head gets tired as he experiences muscular
fatigue. This fatigue is due to conversion of chemical energy into thermal energy by the
muscular effort. The person has done no work as his effort causes no displacement of the
bundle over his head. Work (W) = F × S = F × 0 = 0 (No work). [1]
2. (a) Power is defined as the rate of doing work or rate of transfer of energy.
Work ( W)
\ Power = [½]
time ( t)
SI unit of power is watt. Power is said to be 1 W if rate of doing work is 1 J per
second. [½]
(b) A battery converts chemical energy into electrical energy. This electrical energy is
converted into heat and then light.
Chemical energy ® Electrical energy ® Heat energy ® Light energy [1]

1
3. K.E A = mv A2
2
1
K.E B = mv B2
2
1
mv A2 2
K.E A 2 9 v2 9 æ3ö
= = , A2 = = ç ÷
K.E B 1 1 vB 1 è 1ø
mv B2
2
vA 3
= or v A : v B = 3 : 1 [2]
vB 1

4. (a) Kinetic Energy = Work = F × s

K.E. = (m × a) (s ) ..... (i)
But according to third equation of motion:
v 2 - u 2 = 2as
v 2 - u2
Then, s=
2a
But the body starts from rest, therefore:
v2
s= (u = 0) ..... (ii)
2a
Putting this value of s from equation (ii) into equation (i), we get:
æv 2 ö
K.E. = (m ´ a ) ç ÷
ç 2a ÷
è ø
mv 2 1
K.E. = = mv 2 . [2]
2 2
(b) Here, mass of the rocket, m = 3 × 106 kg
Velocity acquired by the rocket, v = 1 km/s = 1000 m/s
Height attained by the rocket, h = 25 km = 25000 m

(i) Potential energy of the rocket, E p = mgh = (3 ´ 10 6 kg)(10 m/s 2 ) (25000 m)

= 7.5 ´ 1011 J
 1 1
(ii) Kinetic energy of the rocket, E k = mv 2 = (3 ´ 10 6 kg) (1000 m/s) 2
2 2

= 1.5 ´ 1012 J [3]

CHEMISTRY

1. The maximum number of electrons (2n2) to be accommodated by K (n = 1) and L (n = 2)

shells of an atom are 2(2 ´ 12 ) and 8(2 ´ 2 2 ) respectively. If K and L shells are full, then
the total number of electrons will be 2 + 8 = 10. [1]

2. Rutherford’s atomic model failed to explain the stability of the atom. Neil Bohr pointed out
that Rutherford’s atom should be highly unstable due to continuous lose in energy of the
moving electron. [½]
Any electron (charged particle) moving in a circular orbit
around the nucleus would undergo acceleration. As a result, it
would radiate (lose) energy and ultimately fall into the nucleus.
If this were so, the atom should be highly unstable and would
not have existed in its present form that atom is quite stable. In
other words, Rutherford’s atom should collapse but it is wrong
because atoms do not collapse and are quite stable. [½]

3. (a) The isotopes of chlorine are in the ratio 3 : 1. It means that the two isotopes are 75%
and 25% respectively.
35 ´ 75 37 ´ 25
\ Average atomic mass of chlorine = +
100 100
105 37 142
= + = = 35.5 u [1½]
4 4 4
Alternatively :
3 ´ 35 + 1´ 37 105 + 37
Average atomic mass of chlorine = = = 35.5 u
3 +1 4
(b) Uses of Isotopes :
(i) An isotope of cobalt is used in the treatment to cancer.
(ii) An isotope of iodine is used in the treatment of goiter.
(iii) An isotope of uranium is used as a fuel in nuclear reactors. [1½]
4. (a) Atomic mass = 26 e
e
Atomic number = 12 e e e
Protons = 12 12p
e e
Neutrons = 26 - 12 = 14 14n
Electrons = 12 e e e
e
Electronic configuration = 2, 8, 2 e [1]
Orbits =3
The valency of the element is +2. It is because its atom has 2 valence electrons which will
be transferred by the atom in chemical bond formation. [1]
(b) Valence electrons. [1]
(c) (i) Neutron [½]
(ii) Nucleus [½]
(iii) 2 ´ 3 2 = 18 [½]
(iv) ( p + n ) = 23 [½]

BIOLOGY
1. Non-infectious or Non-communicable diseases do not spread. Example – Cancer and high
blood pressure. [1]
2. (a) The disease causing organisms are bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoans, etc. [1]
(b) (i) Common cold (other examples are pneumonia and tuberculosis). [½]
(ii) Hepatitis (other examples are jaundice, typhoid and cholera). [½]

3. Symptoms: It refers to the general visible changes and feelings when we feel there is
something wrong. Symptoms of a number of diseases may look alike, hence symptoms do
not indicate a specific disease. For example headache, loose motions, fever etc. [1]
Signs : Signs of a disease means definite indications of a particular disease. On the basis
of symptoms, a physician looks for specific signs of a disease. Physicians recommend
specific tests on the basis of signs to identify the disease correctly. [1]
4. (a) Differences between ‘Disease-free’ and ‘Healthy’ are:

S. No. Disease-free Healthy

1. It is a state of absence of any It is a state of physical, mental and social
discomfort or derangement of the well being. [1]
functioning of the body.
2. It refers to an individual. It refers not only to the individual but also to
its social and community environment. [1]
3. A ‘disease-free’ individual may A ‘healthy’ individual is one who is able to
have good health or poor health. perform normally under given situation.

(b) It blocks the bacterial processes that build the cell-wall, as a result, the bacteria dies.
[1]
(c) (i) Human immuno virus
(ii) Acquired immuno deficiency syndrome [1]
(d) (i) Blood to blood contact.
(ii) Inflected mother to her baby during pregnancy.
(iii) Through breast feeding. [1]