PRODUCT ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION

TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. PROBLEM ............................................................................................................................................... 5
2. THE RISK ................................................................................................................................................ 5
3. NEW BOLTING PRODUCT ANALYSIS .............................................................................................. 6
3.1. DESIGN ANALYSIS ....................................................................................................................... 6
3.1.1. OBJECTIVE ............................................................................................................................. 6
3.2. MATERIALS ANALYSIS ............................................................................................................... 7
3.2.1. OBJECTIVE ............................................................................................................................. 7
3.3. APPLICATION AND STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY ..................................................................... 8
3.3.1. OBJECTIVE: ................................................................................................................................ 8
4. PRODUCT EVALUATION AGAINST STANDARDS AND CODES .................................................. 9
4.1. LENGTH AND POSITIONING COMPLIANCE OF ANCHOR BOLT ........................................ 9
4.1.1. OBJECTIVE ............................................................................................................................. 9
4.2. TENSILE AND SHEAR STRENGTH (ASTM A307 COMPLIANCE) ......................................... 9
4.2.1. OBJECTIVE ........................................................................................................................... 10
4.3. EXTERIOR PROPERTY AND STRUCTURAL CONDITION FOR SEISMIC REGIONS
(CBCCOMPLIANCE) ................................................................................................................................ 10
4.3.1. OBJECTIVE ........................................................................................................................... 10
.................................................................................................................................................................... 11
4.4. THE LOAD BEARING AND THE SAFETY MARGIN CALCULATION ................................. 12
4.4.1. OBJECTIVE ........................................................................................................................... 12
5. ANALYSIS OF STANDARD LUMBER STRENGTH VS. GOUGED LUMBER IN VERTICAL
AND LATERAL MOVEMENT .................................................................................................................... 12
5.1. OBJECTIVE ................................................................................................................................... 12
5.2. Key Metrics..................................................................................................................................... 12
5.3. ANALYSIS OVERVIEW .............................................................................................................. 12
5.3.1. STANDARD LUMBER ......................................................................................................... 12
5.3.2. 25% GOUGED LUMBER...................................................................................................... 13
5.3.3. 50% GOUGED LUMBER...................................................................................................... 13
5.4. VERTICAL LOAD CAPACITY REDUCTION DUE TO GOUGING ......................................... 13
5.5. LATERAL RESISTANCE REDUCTION DUE TO GOUGING .................................................. 14
6. CONCLUSION....................................................................................................................................... 17
7. DESIGN FEATURES AND BENEFITS ............................................................................................... 17
7.1. THREADED ENGAGEMENT FOR SECURE ATTACHMENT ................................................. 17
7.2. SPUR GEOMETRY FOR INCREASED STABILITY.................................................................. 17
7.3. REDUCED TORQUE REQUIREMENTS FOR EASIER INSTALLATION ............................... 17
8. MATERIAL PROPERTIES FOR HIGH STRESS ENVIRONMENTS ................................................ 17
8.1. HIGH-TENSILE, CORROSION-RESISTANT STEEL ................................................................ 17
9. STRUCTURAL EFFICIENCY BENEFITS OVER OTHER TRADITIONAL TECHNIQUES .......... 17
9.1. PRESERVATION OF LUMBER’S STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY .............................................. 17
9.2. ENHANCED VERTICAL LOAD-BEARING CAPACITY IN GOUGED LUMBER
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SCENARIOS .............................................................................................................................................. 18
9.3. IMPROVED LATERAL RESISTANCE UNDER SEISMIC AND WIND FORCES .................. 18
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LIST OF FIQURES

Figure 1 Thread Engagement Depth ................................................................................................... 6

Figure 2 Materials Strength ................................................................................................................ 7

Figure 3 showing relationship between load capacity and Lumber condition ................................... 8

Figure 4 showing relationship between lateral resistance and % of gouging level ............................ 9

Figure 5 Materials Strength Comparison.......................................................................................... 10

Figure 6 showing relationship between lateral resistance and gouping level ................................... 11

Figure 7 showing load capacity and lumber condition ..................................................................... 11

Figure 8 Vertical Load Capacity Reduction Due to Gouging .......................................................... 14

Figure 9 showing relationship between lateral resistance and lumber conditions ........................... 15

Figure 10 Bar chart between torque and bolt type............................................................................ 16

Figure 11 Graph for load capacity .................................................................................................... 16

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LIST OF TABLES

Table 1 Design Features and Measurements Table ............................................................................ 6

Table 2 Material Properties Comparison Table .................................................................................. 7

Table 3 Lumber Strength Analysis Table ........................................................................................... 8

Table 4 Anchor Bolt Length and Positioning Compliance................................................................. 9

Table 5 Tensile and Shear Strength Comparison ............................................................................. 10

Table 6 Load-Bearing and Safety Margin ........................................................................................ 12

Table 7 Vertical load capacity and lateral resistance ....................................................................... 13

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1. PROBLEM
The new bolting product is designed to address the residential and small commercial building
problem of bent-bar anchor bolts being too short, which occurs when wet cement is poured into
retaining wall forms, causing the available bolt end to fall below the 2"x4"/2"x6"/3"x6" lumber
surface height. Construction crews have no option but to gouge out the lumber material 25%-50%so
that the 3"x3" bearing plate washer and nut can be recessed enough to be installed and pass visual
inspection. The practice is frowned upon by inspectors, but there is currently no viable alternative.
In one recent custom home build I visited in the San Francisco Bay Area, 33 out of 110 anchor bolts
(30%) were too short.

2. THE RISK
This compromises the lumber's structural integrity in the building cement-to-lumber transition,
risking structural failure during a seismic, flood, or high wind event. Consider a home shaking off
its foundation during an earthquake, an entire home floating away during a flood, or sections of a
home being torn away during severe storms with high
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3. NEW BOLTING PRODUCT ANALYSIS

3.1. DESIGN ANALYSIS
3.1.1. OBJECTIVE
Make certain that the bolting product securely engages short anchor bolts without distorting state
of the lumber.
The bolt end of the product is threaded and can screw into recessed bolts; this feature is useful in
non-linear applications – for instance in concrete to lumber transitions – without causing damage.

Table 1 Design Features and Measurements Table

Figure 1 Thread Engagement Depth

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3.2. MATERIALS ANALYSIS

3 . 2 . 1 . OBJECTIVE
Mike Fry notes that organizations must verify the mechanical properties of various materials to
assess the output’s strength and longevity.
The material used for the production of the product is high tensile corrosion resistant steel that
complies with ASTM A307, for areas prone to seismic, flood and wind.

Table 2 Material Properties Comparison Table

Figure 2 Materials Strength

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3.3. APPLICATION AND STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY

3.3.1. OBJECTIVE:
Determine the usability of the applications as well as analyzing their interferential effecton lumber.
The product removes exploitation, retaining the capacity of the lumber.

Table 3 Lumber Strength Analysis Table

Figure 3 showing relationship between load capacity and Lumber condition

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Figure 4 showing relationship between lateral resistance and % of gouging level

4. PRODUCT EVALUATION AGAINST STANDARDS AND CODES

4.1. LENGTH AND POSITIONING COMPLIANCE OF ANCHOR BOLT
4.1.1. OBJECTIVE
Assess the performance of the product in terms of compliance to the anchor bolt positioning as
per IBC & IRC.
However, the design concept for the product guarantees that short anchor bolts can still reach the
minimum height with spur geometries; without altering the lumber. For secure engagement, the
product employs at least 0.5 inches of engagement depth that meets industry standards and
recommendations.
4.2. TENSILE AND SHEAR STRENGTH (ASTM A307 COMPLIANCE)

Table 4 Anchor Bolt Length and Positioning Compliance

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4.2.1. OBJECTIVE
Verify tensile and shear strength against ASTM A307 standards to ensure the product meets the
load-bearing requirements.
The bolting product’s material meets ASTM A307 specifications for tensile and shear strength.
These values were tested against standard requirements to confirm compliance.

Table 5 Tensile and Shear Strength Comparison

Figure 5 Materials Strength Comparison

4.3. EXTERIOR PROPERTY AND STRUCTURAL CONDITION FOR

SEISMIC REGIONS (CBCCOMPLIANCE)
4.3.1. OBJECTIVE
Make sure that the bolting product will not compromise lumber holding capability for seismic
requirement per the CBC.
To make sure, that the product has seismic compliance, we checked its effect on standard lumber
and on 25% and 50% gouged lumber. The bolting product retains the construct’s entire load-
bearing capability without having to gouge the lumber.
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Figure 7 showing load capacity and lumber condition

Figure 6 showing relationship between lateral resistance and gouping level

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4.4. THE LOAD BEARING AND THE SAFETY MARGIN CALCULATION

4.4.1. OBJECTIVE
Ensure that the product that is being bolted conforms to loads specified by the IBC and IRC in
relation to safety margins for load bearing performance.
The set of figures below provides calculations associated with load carrying capacity and safety
factors and proves how the bolting product helps maintain protection of structural safety margins
over the gouged lumber.

Table 6 Load-Bearing and Safety Margin

5. ANALYSIS OF STANDARD LUMBER STRENGTH VS. GOUGED

LUMBER IN VERTICAL AND LATERAL MOVEMENT
5.1. OBJECTIVE
In order to analyze how much standard untreated lumber is stronger than the crossed gouged
lumber according to its vertical load and lateral restraint. This part of the analysis is highly
relevant for determining how gouging influences structural stability as well as when the lumber
is exposed to seismic or wind loads and other lateral loads.

5.2. Key Metrics

• Vertical Load Capacity: This is the capacity of the lumber to take point load that is, load
that directly act on the surface of the wood in a perpendicular manner such as the weight
of the building.
• Lateral Resistance: The yeer strength or capacity of the lumber to withstand forces in
the plane of the material (for instance, seismic or wind forces).
5.3. ANALYSIS OVERVIEW
5.3.1. STANDARD LUMBER
Lumber that has no material has the highest figure strength both in the vertical and lateral direction.
This condition of bond stresses is considered to bear full load and therefore ideal in as far as
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structure strength is concerned.

5.3.2. 25% GOUGED LUMBER
If 25% of the member material is removed, there is a substantial decrease in the load bearing
capacity in the vertical direction as well as the lateral resistance. This level of gouging reasonably
interferes with the stability, but it may be somehow usable for low amplitude loads.
5.3.3. 50% GOUGED LUMBER
If it is delivered with half its material, it loses tremendous amount of its vertical or lateral strength,
and therefore cannot be used where high-stress is required. This severe gouging creates very high
potential for failure of the component when loaded

Table 7 Vertical load capacity and lateral resistance

5.4. VERTICAL LOAD CAPACITY REDUCTION DUE TO GOUGING

• Standard Lumber: It has carrying capacity of 14,400 lbs as a maximum.
• 25% Gouged Lumber: Reduced to a quarter thus, it has a capacity 10800 lbs.
• 50% Gouged Lumber: Reduced half such that is created a 7200 lbs carrying capacity.
This much reduced value illustrates a vulnerability of gouging as it affects the usable strength of
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the lumber in a vertical context.

Figure 8 Vertical Load Capacity Reduction Due to Gouging

5.5. LATERAL RESISTANCE REDUCTION DUE TO GOUGING

• Standard Lumber: Lateral resistance is 800 lbs.
• 25% Gouged Lumber: Lateral resistance decreased from 800 to 600 lbs – by 25%.
• 50% Gouged Lumber: Lateral resistance brought down to 50% to 400 from the earlier
value.
In seismically active, or high-wind zones, it is essential to engage in efforts to control lateral forces.
Substantial reduction of this resistance is greatly affected by gouging and this hence poses a greater
risk of failure under lateral forces.
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Figure 9 showing relationship between lateral resistance and lumber conditions

SOLUTION: NEW BOLTING PRODUCT ANALYSIS

The new bolting product offers several improvements over traditional methods, ensuring secure
engagement with short anchor bolts without damaging the lumber.
TORQUE REQUIRED FOR BOLT ENGAGEMENT
Comparison of torque required for bolt engagement between traditional and new bolting products.
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Figure 10 Bar chart between torque and bolt type

VERTICAL LOAD-BEARING CAPACITY COMPARISON
Vertical load-bearing capacity comparison for traditional and new bolts across lumber conditions.

Figure 11 Graph for load capacity

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6. CONCLUSION
The new bolting product demonstrates improved performance over traditional bolting methods in
terms of torque engagement and load-bearing capacity, especially in gouged lumber scenarios.
These features make it a suitable option for high-stress environments prone to seismic, flood, or
wind impact.
7. DESIGN FEATURES AND BENEFITS
7.1. THREADED ENGAGEMENT FOR SECURE ATTACHMENT
The new bolting product incorporates a new threaded end that can attack and grip recessed bolts perfectly,
without necessarily cutting away the wood through gouging. This threading feature is most beneficial
when the concrete is joining with lumber since usual bolts may lack the necessary height without cutting
or reshaping the lumber greatly. This standardize the design to have at least 0.5 inches of the engagement
depth, which is recommended by IBC and IRC that prohibits any point of connection to deform the
structure in any way.

7.2. SPUR GEOMETRY FOR INCREASED STABILITY

The product involves spur geometries aimed at enhanced anchorage in the concrete. This feature increases
the stability for the vertical and the lateral load areas which makes this product suitable when placed in
areas of seismic, wind, and flood forces. Conventional bolts may experience movement or come loose
every time they are subjected to subsequent load stress and the spur geometry prevents the bolt from
moving or coming loose.
7.3. REDUCED TORQUE REQUIREMENTS FOR EASIER INSTALLATION
The new product is designed to engage at much lower torque as compared to the commonly used bolting
techniques. They found that this feature to be handy in field installations especially due to the fact that it
reduces the chances of over tightening the bolts to the point whereby it could potentially damage the
lumber or even introduce micro stress into the lumber which will over time compromise the integrity of
the bolt.
8. MATERIAL PROPERTIES FOR HIGH STRESS ENVIRONMENTS
8.1. HIGH-TENSILE, CORROSION-RESISTANT STEEL
Made of ASTM A307 conforming, high tensile, corrosion resisting steel, the above-mentioned new
bolting product is designed to bear high loads and is resistant to corrosion from the environment affecting
the properties of standard bolting products. This choice of material makes it most appropriate for areas
prone to seismic activity and moisture or chemical sensitive zones, staying strong and enduring.
Ease of compatibility with Treated Lumber via HD GalvanizationFor concrete applications utilizing
treated lumber – where chemical reaction is a cause for concern, the product nuts bolts have a minimum
standard of HD galvanized per A563 grades DH and DH3, A194 grade 2H.ized standards per A563 grades
DH and DH3 A194 grade 2H. This eliminates degradation of the product through corrosion or
degradation of mechanical performance due to effects of the chemical treatment environment.
9. STRUCTURAL EFFICIENCY BENEFITS OVER OTHER
TRADITIONAL TECHNIQUES
9.1. PRESERVATION OF LUMBER’S STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY
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Conventional bolting required cutting out a portion of the lumber typically up to ¼ – ½ of its thickness to
accommodate the anchor bolts and washers. They noted that this practice weakens considerably the
lumber so that it provide reduced rough capacity vertically and save lateral resistance. New bolting
product eliminates gouging all together, the strength of an original lumber is maintained, as are the means
of both vertical and lateral resistance.
9.2. ENHANCED VERTICAL LOAD-BEARING CAPACITY IN GOUGED LUMBER
SCENARIOS
Testing demonstrates that the new bolting product offers superior vertical load-bearing capacity across
different lumber conditions:
• Standard Lumber: The product retains the full vertical load of the lumber, 14,400 lbs.
• 25% Gouged Lumber: It still anchors up to 10,800 lbs or a lot more than standard bolts in similar
gouged conditions.
• 50% Gouged Lumber: With the reduction of material by half, the bolting product provides a load
carrying capacity of 7200 pounds which is of strategic value in high stress conditions.

9.3. IMPROVED LATERAL RESISTANCE UNDER SEISMIC AND WIND FORCES

First of all, it has a secure attachment that allow minimizing the product’s lateral movement – a critical
consideration in seismically or wind-high zones. Traditional methods, which often loosen over time due
to gouging, show significant reductions in lateral resistance:
• Standard Lumber: 800 lbs lateral resistance is maintained.
• 25% Gouged Lumber: The new bolt has 600 lbs of lateral resistance and still does not require a
reduction of more than 25%.
• 50% Gouged Lumber: The product maintains 400 lbs of lateral holding power (decreased by 50%
for eradicating purposes) critical owing to possible failure of regular bolt.