Research 3 MDR

Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) as a potential raw
material for paper production
In partial fulfillment of the requirement

in Research III
Science, Technology, and Engineering (STE)
Ma. Theresa Z. Catangui

Daniella Cassandra C. Salvadora
Rain M. Corporal
Student Researchers
Mrs. Mae B. Racelis

Research Adviser
March 2024
ABSTRACT
Bagasse is the fibrous residue which is remaining after sugarcane is crashed to extract
its juice. By using agricultural residue rather than wood will add advantages of reducing
deforestation. Sugarcane particularly studied because it is one of the most important
raw materials for paper pulp production in many countries. Bagasse is well suited for
tissue, corrugating medium, news print and writing paper. The goals of this study is to
prove that sugarcane can really be used on making a paper. Overall, sugarcane-based
paper offers a sustainable alternative to traditional paper, addressing environmental
concerns while meeting the needs of businesses and consumers. Sugarcane paper, a
sustainable alternative to traditional wood-based pulp, was created at Ma. Theresa
Catangui’s house in March 2024. The process involves using water, baking
soda, and sugarcane fibers to create a unique eco-friendly paper product with a
distinctive texture and appearance. Tools used in the process include a blender, bowl,
tablespoon, stone mortar, glass for water gauze/soft towel, and water tank/basin. The
key steps in the papermaking process include a pulping, cooking, and sheet formation,
which extract and process cellulose fibers from the sugarcane, cutting it into chunks
blending, boiling, grinding and drying. Sugarcane paper production is a safer and more
environmentally friendly alternative to traditional wood pulp paper production, but
proper handling and disposal of chemicals, energy consumption and environmental
considerations are important risk.
Key terms: sugarcane, agricultural residue, reducing deforestation, pulp
production, paper made of sugarcane.

Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) as a potential raw material for paper production
March 2024 Ma. Theresa Z. Catangui, Daniella Cassandra C. Salvadora, Rain M. Corporal
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page---------------------------------------------------------------------------I
Abstract-----------------------------------------------------------------------------2
Introduction-----------------------------------------------------------------------4
Literature Review-----------------------------------------------------------------7
Methodology
Location And Duration Of The Study-----------------------------------------------------------

11
Research Design 12
Process Flow Chart-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------13
Gathering Of Materials-------------------------------------------------------------------14
Making the sugarcane paper----------------------------------------------------------

17
Risks And Safety--------------------------------------------------------------------------17
Data Analysis 18
Results and Discussion----------------------------------------------------------18
Conclusion------------------------------------------------------------------------19
Recommendations----------------------------------------------------------------20
Acknowledgement----------------------------------------------------------------21
Bibliography -----------------------------------------------------------------------22
INTRODUCTION
Sugarcane is a thrifty source for sustainable paper manufacturing sugarcane
(Saccharum officinarum) has become a viable contender in the paper
industry's search for sustainable and renewable raw materials. Once grown
primarily for its sugar content, sugarcane is gaining interest as a flexible
feedstock that can help create an environment for the production of paper that
is more sustainable. Tall and perennial, sugarcane is commonly grown
throughout the world's tropical and subtropical climates. The main ingredient
in sugar, sucrose, is produced in large quantities by this agricultural crop,
which is well-known for this trait. Nonetheless, sugarcane's natural qualities
make it a fascinating option for paper production as well. A significant benefit
of utilizing sugarcane for papermaking is its elevated fiber content, varying
between 40% and 50% of the plant's dry weight. These fibers, which are
composed primarily of cellulosic materials, are what give paper its strength,
durability, and flexibility across a range of uses. Sugarcane is an easily
available and sustainable raw resource for the paper industry due to its
availability and regenerative nature. Table 1 Current sugarcane classification.
(n.d.). ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Current-sugarcane-
classification_tbl1_51166727
Can the texture, color, thickness and ability to absorb ink of the sugarcane
(Saccharum officinarum) can be truly be acceptable or not. Can sugarcane be
used on making a paper? in this research paper you will know that sugarcane
can be truly used on making a paper. Yes, sugarcane can be used in making
paper. Sugarcane, scientifically known as Saccharum officinarum, has several
properties that make it suitable for paper production. Its texture is fibrous,
which is a desirable characteristic for paper making. The color of sugarcane is
also neutral, which allows for a clean, white paper. The thickness of
sugarcane fibers can be adjusted during the processing stage to achieve the
desired thickness of the paper. Furthermore, sugarcane has the ability to
absorb ink, which is essential for writing or printing on the paper. Therefore,
sugarcane can indeed be used in making paper.
Sugarcane paper is a sustainable and eco-friendly alternative to traditional
paper. It is made from the waste materials of sugarcane production, which are
usually discarded. The properties of sugarcane paper include its high strength,
good print quality, and biodegradability. Its potential applications include
packaging, greeting cards, and other paper-based products.. It offers a
sustainable and eco-friendly alternative to traditional paper, potentially
reducing deforestation and waste.
Main Problem
Can sugarcane be used on making a paper?
Specific Problem
1. What are the characteristics of sugarcane paper in terms of:
a. texture c. thickness
b. color d. ability to absorb ink

2. Is there a significant difference between sugarcane paper and commercial
paper in terms of:
a. texture c. thickness
b. color d. ability to absorb ink
Engineering Goals
The goals of these is:
To prove that sugarcane can truly be used to make paper.
Hypothesis
Ho:
The texture of the sugarcane (Saccharum Offcinarum) is not acceptable.
Ho:
The color of the sugarcane (Saccharum Offcinarum) is not acceptable.
Ho:
The thickness of the sugarcane (Saccharum Offcinarum) is not
acceptable.
Ho:
The ability to absorb ink of the sugarcane ( Saccharum Offcinarum) is not
acceptable.
H1:
The texture of the sugarcane (Saccharum Offcinarum) is acceptable.
H1:
The color of the sugarcane (Saccharum Offcinarum) is acceptable.
H1:
The thickness of the sugarcane (Saccharum Offcinarum) is acceptable.
H1:
The ability to absorb ink of the sugarcane ( Saccharum Offcinarum) is
acceptable.
Literature Review
Sugarcane is one of the major industrial crops and it has been cultivated in
Myanmar for the traditional use as juice and tonic since the Inwa era (AD 729-
762). With the continuous rising demands for local use and trade, extension of
areas and the commissioning of a number of sugar mills had already been in
process since pre-war days. Sugarcane production plan was adopted in 1932
and its sown area was increased. Establishment of sugar mills and expansion
of sown area were also made in 1950 by the Pyi-daw-tha project. Myanma
Sugarcane Enterprise (MSE) was instituted under the umbrella of ministry of
agriculture and irrigation on 25th May, 1994 to promote sugar production
through cane area expansion and yield increase. Nowadays, 21 modern sugar
mills were constructed and commissioned in Myanmar (M.O.A.I, 2011). Pujar et
al. (2010) stated that the productivity of sugarcane is affected by many
factors, one of them is soil nutrients, the imbalance of which constraints the
cane productivity. The soil fertility status determines the level of crop
productivity. In Myanmar, a common system in sugarcane production is

continuous monoculture and this system leads to decline cane yield and soil
fertility depletion. Nowadays, because of the limitation of natural resources
such as land and water, the importance of this field is still expanding,
sustainable agriculture and concern about environmental problems (Fageria,
2007). The fertilizer responsive crop varieties and shortages of manure had
seriously depleted soil fertility and creating secondary crop pest problems that
contributing to stagnating yield (Listinger, 1993).
Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
Table 1. Taxonomy of (Saccharum
officinarum)
Common name Sugarcane
Family Panicoideae
Kingdom Plantae
Order Poales
Genus Saccharum
Specie Saccharum
officinarum
Figure 1. Sugarcane
(Saccharum officinarum)) fruit
Photo taken by: Ma. Theresa Z.
Catangui
Composition of paper
Paper and paperboard have a wide range of qualities that make them useful
in a variety of applications. Some qualities differ very slightly and others
greatly among the thousands of paper kinds available. The implementation of
standard test procedures, as defined by industry and engineering
organizations in the papermaking countries of the world, is required for the
detection and representation of these variances.
Sugarcane paper Vs Commercial paper
In the pursuit of sustainable and environmentally friendly alternatives to
conventional packaging materials, two options that often come into
consideration are sugarcane bagasse and paper products. Both possess their
own merits and applications, but gaining an understanding of the distinctions
between them can empower businesses and consumers to make well-informed
choices. Within this article, we undertake a comparison of sugarcane bagasse
and paper products, delving into their characteristics, environmental impact,
and suitability for various uses.
Sugarcane bagasse and paper products diverge in terms of their material
composition. Sugarcane bagasse represents the fibrous residue that remains
after the extraction of juice from sugarcane stalks. It serves as a byproduct of
the sugar industry, offering a sustainable alternative to traditional materials

derived from plastic. Conversely, paper products emerge from wood pulp,
which undergoes a complex process encompassing pulping, pressing, and
drying, eventually forming sheets.
With respect to their environmental impact, both sugarcane bagasse and paper
products possess distinctive advantages. Sugarcane bagasse is regarded as
more sustainable due to its origin as a byproduct of the sugar industry, which
would otherwise be discarded as waste. Through the utilization of bagasse, we
mitigate waste generation and reduce reliance on non-renewable resources.
Furthermore, sugarcane represents a rapidly renewable resource characterized
by a short growth cycle.
Paper products, on the other hand, rely on the harvesting of trees. While
responsible forestry practices can facilitate the sustainable management of
trees, the process of converting wood into pulp necessitates a greater
expenditure of energy and involves chemical treatments when compared to
sugarcane bagasse. Additionally, the demand for paper contributes to
deforestation, which in turn engenders habitat loss and adversely impacts
biodiversity.
Strength and durability constitute areas where both sugarcane bagasse and
paper products possess distinct strengths. Sugarcane bagasse products are
renowned for their robustness and their capacity to retain liquids, rendering
them suitable for food containers and disposable tableware. They exhibit
commendable resistance to grease and oil, thereby delivering reliable
performance across a spectrum of applications.

Conversely, paper products vary in strength contingent upon factors such as
thickness, quality, and the manufacturing process. While paper generally
proves well-suited to lightweight applications like packaging and printing, it
may prove less resilient in the face of moisture, and it can be susceptible to
tearing or damage.
Significant disparities emerge between sugarcane bagasse and paper products
in terms of their water and heat resistance. Sugarcane bagasse products, owing
to their fibrous structure, manifest strong resistance to water, oil, and heat.
They withstand moderate levels of moisture without succumbing to sogginess
or compromising their structural integrity. Consequently, they represent viable
options for containers intended to accommodate hot or cold food and
beverages.
Conversely, paper products prove more susceptible to water damage. While
select paper products can be treated with coatings or additives to bolster their
resistance to liquids, they generally fail to rival sugarcane bagasse when
confronted with wet conditions. Overexposure to moisture can render paper
fragile, causing it to disintegrate or lose its form.
Both sugarcane bagasse and paper products provide benefits in terms of
biodegradability and compostability. Sugarcane bagasse, being a plant-based
material, undergoes natural decomposition over time through microbial activity.
It can be composted alongside organic waste, thereby enriching the soil and
reducing the volume of waste destined for landfills.

Similarly, paper products can biodegrade and be composted when devoid of
non-biodegradable coatings or contaminants. However, it merits noting that
certain paper products, such as those coated with plastic or containing inks and
dyes, may not readily break down within composting systems and necessitate
specialized treatment.
To conclude, when comparing sugarcane bagasse and paper products, it proves
vital to account for factors such as material composition, environmental impact,
strength and durability, water and heat resistance, as well as biodegradability.
Sugarcane bagasse products furnish a sustainable alternative stemming from
the byproduct of the sugar industry, and they exhibit commendable resistance
to water and heat. Paper products, while possessing their own merits, may
prove more vulnerable to water damage and necessitate adherence to
responsible forestry practices. Ultimately, the selection between these
materials hinges on specific requirements, applications, and environmental
considerations.
Microbiological Testing
During the sugarcane plant's biological cycle, a wide variety of microorganisms
are involved in partnerships that are either neutral, harmful, or beneficial.
Despite the fact that many bacterial and fungal species are considered for
causing diseases; others have positive impact on sugarcane. Plants and
beneficial microorganisms work together to provide positive results in the field.
By existing as endophytes, microbes that do not cause illness developed
mutualistic or commensal relationships with sugarcane. Such endophytes have
a surface-level existence via inhabiting the rhizosphere or colonizing the
tissues as epiphytes.
Convolutional Neural Network in Plant Disease
CNNs can be used to analyze images of paper samples to detect defects, such
as discoloration, holes, or uneven surfaces. This can help automate the quality
inspection process and improve the consistency of the final product. CNNs can
be used to analyze microscopic images of paper fibers to determine their
properties, such as length, with, and orientation. This information can be used
to optimize the paper-making process and ensure the desired paper. CNNs can
be used to analyze sensor data from various stages of the paper-making
process, such as pulp consistency, pH, or temperature. This can help identify
potential issues or deviations from the optimal process parameters, allowing
for timely adjustments. CNNs can be used to analyze sensor data and
equipment performance to predict when maintenance or repairs may be

needed. This can help reduce downtime and improve the overall efficiency of
the paper-making operation.
CNNs can be used to classify different types of paper products, such as
newsprint, office paper, or packaging paper, based on their visual and physical
characteristics. This can be useful for inventory management, product
traceability, and market analysis. Overall, the application of Convolutional
Neural Networks in the paper-making industry can lead to improved quality
control, process optimization, and predictive maintenance, ultimately
enhancing the efficiency and competitiveness of paper production.
METHODOLOGY
Location and Duration of the Study
The sugarcane paper were created or made at the house of Ma. Theresa
Catangui at Barangay San Isidro, Iriga City, Camarines Sur, in March 24, 2024.
Research Design
One-shot design in sugarcane as a potential raw material for paper production
is a concept that has gained attention in the field of sustainable paper
manufacturing. Sugarcane, a widely cultivated crop, has been identified as a
promising alternative to traditional wood-based pulp sources for paper
production.
INDEPENDENT VARIABLE Sugarcane bagasse
DEPENDENT VARIABLE Pulp yield and quality, Paper properties
CONTROL VARIABLE Papermaking process

Gathering of materials
TOOLS THAT WILL

BASIC INGREDIENTS Sugarcan BE USED ON
IN MAKING THE
SUGARCANE PAPER e MAKING THE
PAPER
Making the sugarcane paper
Data Analysis
Risk and safety

Figure 1. Flow Chart
Results and Discussion

Conclusion
Recommendation
Acknowledgement
Bibliography
Material preparation (Basic ingredients, tools for sugarcane paper
making)
Basic ingredients for sugarcane paper making:
The two basic ingredients on making the sugarcane paper is Water,
baking soda, and sugarcane. The use of water, baking soda, and the natural
fibers from the sugarcane all play important roles in the papermaking
process. The water helps to break down the sugarcane, the baking soda acts
as a pulping agent, and the sugarcane fibers provide the raw material for the
paper. This process results in a unique, eco-friendly paper product with a
distinctive texture and appearance.
Figure 2. Glass of Figure 3. Baking
water Photo taken soda Photon taken
in: Google in: Google
Figure 4.
Sugarcane
Photo taken by:
Catangui
The tools that will be used on making the sugarcane paper:

On making the sugarcane paper we will be using the tools blender, bowl,
tablespoon, stone mortar, glass for water, gauze/soft towel and water
thank/basin. The blender helps to create a smooth, even pulp, while the stone
mortar is used for additional refining. The bowl, tablespoon, and water tank or
basin are used for the cooking and sheet formation processes. The gauze or
soft towel helps to support the paper sheet during the drying stage. This
process allows you to make sugarcane paper using readily available materials
and simple equipment. The key steps are the pulping, cooking, and sheet
formation, which help to extract and process the cellulose fibers from the
sugarcane to create a unique and eco-friendly paper product.
Figure 5. Tablespoon Figure 7. Bowl Photo

Figure 6.
Photo taken in: Google taken by: Ma. Theresa
Blender
Photo taken by: Z. Catangui
Ma. Theresa Z.
Catangui
Figure 8. Stone
mortar Photo taken
by: Ma. Theresa Z.
Catangui
Figure 10. Water

Figure 9. Gauze/Soft tank/Basin Photo
towel Photo taken taken by: Ma. Theresa
by: Ma. Theresa Z.
Catangui
Making the sugarcane paper
As for a parent or adult sponsor to help get sugarcane then clean it, after
cleaning it, First, cut the sugarcane into chunks and mine pieces, Second
put in in the blender, then blend it, third step is, put it in the bagasse,
Fourth step is you have to put water in the in the bagasse, Fifth, add two
tablespoon with baking soda, Sixth, Boil it over a high heat Seventh, grind
well with a stone mortar, Eight, pair it into the water tank and stir it well,
Ninth, fish it out with a gauze, Tenth, make sure that the pulp is evenly
distributed, and Finally, dry it in the sun.
Risks and Safety
Sugarcane paper production is a safer and more
environmentally friendly alternative to traditional wood pulp paper
production. However, proper handling and disposal of chemicals,
energy consumption, and mechanical hazards are essential for safety
and environmental protection. Renewable energy sources like solar
or wind power can mitigate these risks. Proper waste management
and proper worker safety protocols are also crucial. Despite the
environmental benefits, it's essential to prioritize safety and
sustainability throughout the production process, requiring careful
management, adherence to regulations, and continuous
improvement efforts.
Data Analysis
Likert scale is a unidimensional scale that researchers use to collect
respondent’s attitude and opinion or perceptions.
4.21-5.00= Strongly Agree
3.41-4.20= Agree
2.61-3.40= Neutral
1.80-2.60= Disagree
1.00-1.75= Strongly Disagree
5- 4- 3- 2- 1-
Strongl Agree Neutr Disagre Strongly
y al e Disagree
Agree
a. Texture
b. Color
c. Thickness
d. Ability to
absorb ink
RESULT
Sugarcane paper is a sustainable alternative to traditional paper, and its
physical qualities, environmental impact, economic feasibility, and
possible applications are being investigated. Its compatibility for different
printing methods, writing instruments, and packaging needs is assessed.
The paper's biodegradability and composability are also addressed.
Economic viability is evaluated based on production techniques, raw
material availability, energy usage, and market demand. Sugarcane paper
has the potential to be used in publishing, printing, packaging, and
stationery, as well as in various market segments and customer
preferences. Challenges include increased production, supply chain
logistics, technical developments, regulatory hurdles, and R&D activities.
Figure 11. Result of the

experimentation Photo taken
by: Ma. Theresa Z. Catangui
( 2024 March 24)
CONCLUSION
The characteristics of a sugarcane paper in terms of texture is sugarcane
paper has a smooth, slightly coarse texture due to the natural fibers from
the sugarcane plant. In color, sugarcane paper typically has a yellow
bright color. In thickness, sugarcane paper is fragile. In the ink absorption,
the thickness and absorbency of paper can affect the drying time and
bleed-through of the ink. The difference between a sugarcane paper and a
commercial paper in terms of texture is sugarcane paper has a more
natural slightly coarse texture due to the land fibers while commercial
paper tends to have a smoother more uniform texture, in color, sugarcane
paper has a warmer yellow, reflecting the natural tones of the sugarcane
fibers and commercial paper is often whiter and brighter, as it may
undergo more extensive bleaching and processing. In thickness,
sugarcane paper is generally fragile than standard commercial paper, and
commercial paper can vary in thickness but is often thinner. In the ability
in absorbing ink, sugarcane paper has a neutral ability to absorb ink with
the texture surface helping the ink adhere well and commercial paper is
also designed for good ink absorption but the smoothness may result in
slightly different ink behavior and drying times.

RECOMMENDATIONS
As the researchers of this study, we suggest that the bagasse
should be cut into mine pieces or small pieces so that you will get or
have a smooth texture of the pulp and so that it can be easy dry it in
the high heat of the sun.

Sugarcane (Saccharum officinaru) as a potential raw material for paper
March 2024 production
Ma. Theresa Z. Catangui, Daniella Cassandra C. Salvadora
Acknowledgment
We want to express our sincerest gratitude the people that helped us finish our
research:
To Mrs. Mae B. Racelis for your expertise, feedback, and encouragement
were invaluable in helping me successfully complete this wok. Your mentorship
has been instrumental in developing our research skills and deepening our
understanding in research III.
To The Parents of the researchers, we are grateful for the sacrifices you
have made to provide with the resources and opportunities.. Your willingness
to listen, offer advice, and celebrate our successes has been truly
appreciated. This research project has been a significant milestone, and we
could not have accomplished it without your love and support. Thank you for
being there for us every step of the way.
The key is to express genuine appreciation for the guidance, support, and
encouragement provided by the teacher and our parents during the research
project. Highlight specific ways they have helped us and the impact it has had
on our learning and growth.
The
Researchers
Bibliography
(A)Table1Currentsugarcaneclassification.(n.d.).
ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Current-sugarcane-
classification_tbl1_51166727
(B) Ullah, H., Khan, A., Lateef, M., & Khan, W. (2020). A comprehensive review
of Sugarcane. ResearchGate.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341051173_A_Comprehensive_
Review_of_Sugarcane
(C) Rainey, T. J., & Covey, G. (2016). Pulp and paper production from
sugarcane bagasse. Wiley, 259–280.
https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118719862.ch10
(D) Know about the composition of paper. (2022, May 17). Unacademy.
https://unacademy.com/content/nda/study-material/chemistry/compositi
on-of-paper/
(E) Al-Sulaimani, K., & Dwivedi, P. (2017). PRODUCTION OF HANDMADE PAPERS
FROM SUGAR CANE BAGASSE AND BANANA FIBERS IN OMAN.
International Journal of Students’ Research in Technology &
Management, 5(3), 16–20. https://doi.org/10.18510/ijsrtm.2017.534
(F) Know about the composition of paper. (2022b, May 17). Unacademy.
https://unacademy.com/content/nda/study-material/chemistry/compositi
on-of-paper/#:~:text=The%20majority%20of%20paper
%20grades,including%20filling%20and%20loading%20materials
(G) Sustainable paper box packaging Supplier | KingHome. (2023, January 5). |
KingHome Printing & Packaging. https://kh-pack.com/
(H) Cockburn, J. J., Coetzee, H. C., J, V. D. B., Conlong, D. E., & Witthöft, J. (n.d.).
Exploring the role of sugarcane in small-scale farmers’ livelihoods in the
Noodsberg area, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0301-
603X2014000100008

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Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) as a potential raw

material for paper production

In partial fulfillment of the requirement

Ma. Theresa Z. Catangui

Mrs. Mae B. Racelis

deforestation. Sugarcane particularly studied because it is one of the most important

paper offers a sustainable alternative to traditional paper, addressing environmental

sustainable alternative to traditional wood-based pulp, was created at Ma. Theresa

environmentally friendly alternative to traditional wood pulp paper production, but

proper handling and disposal of chemicals, energy consumption and environmental

considerations are important risk.

Key terms: sugarcane, agricultural residue, reducing deforestation, pulp

production, paper made of sugarcane.

Location And Duration Of The Study-----------------------------------------------------------

Process Flow Chart-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------13

Making the sugarcane paper----------------------------------------------------------

Risks And Safety--------------------------------------------------------------------------17

Results and Discussion----------------------------------------------------------18

Sugarcane is a thrifty source for sustainable paper manufacturing sugarcane

(Saccharum officinarum) has become a viable contender in the paper

primarily for its sugar content, sugarcane is gaining interest as a flexible

is more sustainable. Tall and perennial, sugarcane is commonly grown

in sugar, sucrose, is produced in large quantities by this agricultural crop,

which is well-known for this trait. Nonetheless, sugarcane's natural qualities

make it a fascinating option for paper production as well. A significant benefit

of utilizing sugarcane for papermaking is its elevated fiber content, varying

durability, and flexibility across a range of uses. Sugarcane is an easily

availability and regenerative nature. Table 1 Current sugarcane classification.

(n.d.). ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Current-sugarcane-

(Saccharum officinarum) can be truly be acceptable or not. Can sugarcane be

paper. Sugarcane, scientifically known as Saccharum officinarum, has several

which is a desirable characteristic for paper making. The color of sugarcane is

desired thickness of the paper. Furthermore, sugarcane has the ability to

sugarcane can indeed be used in making paper.

Sugarcane paper is a sustainable and eco-friendly alternative to traditional

good print quality, and biodegradability. Its potential applications include

packaging, greeting cards, and other paper-based products.. It offers a

sustainable and eco-friendly alternative to traditional paper, potentially

reducing deforestation and waste.

Can sugarcane be used on making a paper?

1. What are the characteristics of sugarcane paper in terms of:

b. color d. ability to absorb ink

2. Is there a significant difference between sugarcane paper and commercial

paper in terms of:

b. color d. ability to absorb ink

The goals of these is:

To prove that sugarcane can truly be used to make paper.

The texture of the sugarcane (Saccharum Offcinarum) is not acceptable.

The color of the sugarcane (Saccharum Offcinarum) is not acceptable.

The thickness of the sugarcane (Saccharum Offcinarum) is not

The ability to absorb ink of the sugarcane ( Saccharum Offcinarum) is not

The texture of the sugarcane (Saccharum Offcinarum) is acceptable.

The color of the sugarcane (Saccharum Offcinarum) is acceptable.

The thickness of the sugarcane (Saccharum Offcinarum) is acceptable.

The ability to absorb ink of the sugarcane ( Saccharum Offcinarum) is

Sugarcane Enterprise (MSE) was instituted under the umbrella of ministry of

agriculture and irrigation on 25th May, 1994 to promote sugar production

mills were constructed and commissioned in Myanmar (M.O.A.I, 2011). Pujar et

al. (2010) stated that the productivity of sugarcane is affected by many