HOW TO USE

THIS MODULE?

SUBJECT GENERAL MATHEMATICS

QUARTER 1 Before starting the module, I want you to set aside other tasks that will disturb you
MODULE 4 while enjoying the lessons. Read the simple instructions below to successfully enjoy
LESSON RATIONAL FUNCTIONS the objectives of this kit. Have fun!

1. Follow carefully all the contents and instructions indicated in every page of
this module.
2. Write on your notebook the concepts about the lessons. Writing enhances
learning that is important to develop and keep in mind.
3. Perform all the provided activities in the module.
4. Let your facilitator/guardian assess your answers using the answer key card.
5. Analyze conceptually the posttest and apply what you have learned.

Enjoy studying!

PARTS OF THE MODULE

VISION The Furigay Colleges Foundation Inc. aims to be locally or nationally
recognized as a leading school in the application of emerging technologies Expectations - These are what you will be able to know after completing the
that facilitate learning to the next generation. lessons in the module.

MISSION To realize the vision, the Furigay Colleges targets to: Pre-test - This will measure your prior knowledge and the concepts to be
mastered throughout the lesson.
1. Provides quality education that meets student diversity by utilizing
Looking Back to your Lesson - This section will measure what learnings
E-learning as alternative solution to traditional schooling.
and skills did you understand from the previous lesson.
2. Build an instruction capacity which is to integrate and implement
technologies into teaching and learning practices, generate Brief Introduction- This section will give you an overview of the lesson.
economies of scale, and increase their development across the
Activities - This is a set of activities you will perform with a partner.
institution
3. A dynamic value-driven education that is accessible and suitable for Remember - This section summarizes the concepts and applications of the
everyone. lessons.
Check your Understanding - It will verify how you learned from the lesson.

Let us start your journey in learning more on rational function. I am sure you are
ready and excited to answer the

Page 1 of 5
 Pretest. Smile and Enjoy!
TOPIC Representing real life situations using Rational
Functions
Read the questions carefully. Encircle the letter of the correct answer. CONTENT STANDARDS The learner demonstrates understanding of key
concept of functions
1. For the function to be defined as rational, the denominator should be.
A. Not equal to 0 B. Equal to 0 C. Undefined D. Equal to 1 PERFORMANCE STANDARDS The learner is able to..
Accurately construct mathematical models to
� (�) =
2. Which of the following is a rational function?
√3𝑥+5
D. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 + 6
represent real-life situations using functions.
2𝑥𝑥−1
𝑥
A. B. C,
For 3-5 refer to the problem given. MELC Representing real life situations using Rational
A company has a budget of P100,000 to be divided equally among its various offices. The Functions
administration office of the company receives twice the amount of money than the other offices. REFERENCES K-12 Learning Module/ADM
TIME ALLOTMENT 4hours
3. Given as the number of offices in the company, which of the following shows the function
(𝑥𝑥) which would give the amount of money each of the non-administration offices would
receive? LOO
A. B. C. D. None
4. If the company had seven offices, which of the amount would the administration office
receive? Before going further, let us try to recall about function. A function is a set of ordered pairs (x, y) such
A. P12, 500 B. P15, 000 C. P25, 000 D. P30, 000 that no two ordered pairs have the same x-value but different y – values. The coordinates called
5. Which of the following amount would the non-administration offices receive? domain and coordinates called range.
A. P12, 500 B. P15, 000 C. P25, 000 D. P30, 000 1. Find the domain and range of the given ordered pairs.
A. f = {(1, a), (2, a), (3, b), (4, b)}
B. = {(1, –1), (2, –3), (0, 5), (–1, 2), (4, –5), (–2,3), (2, 5)}
Great, you are finished
answering the questions. You 2. Refer to #1, which of the two is a function?
may request your facilitator to 3. Which of the following statements represents a function?
check your work. A. Student’s grade in Pre-Calculus.
Congratulations and keep on B. Countries to its flag.
learning! C. Cellphone to its charger.

My Learning Episodes

Unit 2: RATIONAL FUNCTIONS

Module 4: Rational Function

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 A. � = 5� +4 B. � = √� +7 C. � 2 +� 2 = 2
4. Determine which of the equations define a function. Not a rational function

5. Indicate
� �whether each graph� is �the graph of a function.
� � Undefined
Many real-life situations can be represented by rational functions; hence, living in the
world makes it easier and lighter. Below are some of the examples of a real-life
situations wherein rational function is very helpful. Let’s take a look to some of these.

Example 1.
An object is to travel a distance of 30 meters. Express velocity v as a function of
travel time t, in seconds.
A. B C. Solution.
The following table of values show v for various values of t.
t (seconds) 1 5 10 15 30
BRIEF INTRODUCTION v (meters per second) 30 6 3 2 1

The function can represent v as a function of t.

polynomial function and 𝑄(𝑥) is not the zero function (𝑄(𝑥) ≠ 0). Recall that a
Rational Function is a function of the form where (𝑥) and (𝑥) are
Example 2.

𝒂𝒏𝒙𝒏 + 𝒂𝒏−𝟏𝒙𝒏−𝟏 + 𝒂𝒏−𝟐𝒙𝒏−𝟐 + ⋯ + 𝒂𝟏𝒙 + 𝒂𝟎, where 𝑎0,

polynomial function p of degree n is a function that can be written in the form (𝒙) = In an inter-school volleyball league, the team from STEM 1 has won 10 out of 25 games, a

𝑎1, … 𝑎𝑛 ∈ ℝ, 𝑎𝑛 ≠ 0, and n is a positive integer. Each addend of the sum is a term

winning percentage of 40%. We have seen that they need to win 75 games consecutively to raise their

of the polynomial function. The constants 𝑎0, 𝑎1, 𝑎𝟐, … , 𝑎𝑛 are the coefficients. The
percentage to at least 85%. What will be their winning percentage if they win:
8 games in a row?
leading coefficient is 𝑎𝑛.The leading term is 𝑎𝑛𝑥𝑛, and the constant term is 𝑎𝑎0.
15? 30? 60? 100? 150 games?
Example 1. Given the polynomial function (𝑥) = 8 + 3𝑥− 5𝑥𝟐 −𝑥3, find:
Can they reach a 100% winning percentage?
Solution.
(a) The degree of the polynomial (Highest exponent in the polynomial) (𝟑) Let be the number of wins the team STEM 1 needs to win in a row. Then the percentage is a
(b) The leading coefficient (Constant term in the leading term) (−𝑥3) = (-1) function of the number of wins that the team needs to win. The function can be written as :
(c) The constant term (an integer without variable or letter) (8)
(d) The number of zeroes (Depends on the degree of the polynomial) (3) Construct a table of values for (𝑥𝑥):

𝑝𝑝(𝑥𝑥
Example 2. Determine whether the following function is a rational, not a rational or undefined. 8 15 30 60 100 150 200 300

Rational Function ) 0.55 0.63 0.73 0.82 0.88 0.91 0.93 0.95
Not rational function

Not a rational function Even if the team wins 300 consecutive games, the team still cannot reach a 100%
winning percentage. Note that the denominator 25 + x is greater than the numerator,
Not a rational function
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so 100% cannot be achieved. This is reasonable, since the team has lost 15 games
already, so they cannot be “perfect”.
Example 3. Activity 3. Solve the problem.
Suppose that (in mg/mL) represents the concentration of a drug in a Lito loves to travel. Two years ago, he went to Sagada and fell in love of that place
patient’s bloodstream t hours after the drug was administered. Construct a table of because of cold weather. The total distance he travelled from Manila to Sagada was
values for c(t) for t = 1, 2, 5, 10. Round off answers to three decimal places. Interpret approximately 650 kilometers.
your answers in relation to drug concentration.
Solution:
1. How long will it take him to get to Sagada if his average speed is 50 kilometers
Construct a table of values for (𝑡𝑡): per hour? 60 kilometers per hour? 100 kilometers per hour? 2. Construct a
t 0 1 2 5 10 function (𝑠𝑠), where is the speed of travel, that describes the time it takes to
c(t) 0 1.75 1.077 0.461 0. 233 drive from Manila to Sagada.
After 1 hour, the drug concentration decreases until it is almost zero.

ACTIVITIES

Activity 1. Find the degree of the polynomial, the leading coefficient, the constant
term, and the number of zeroes given the following polynomial functions:

1. (𝑥𝑥) = 2𝑥3 − 5𝑥2 + 10𝑥𝑥 + 14 2. (𝑥𝑥) = −𝑥2 + 5𝑥− 19

REMEMBER

A function is a set of ordered pairs (x, y) such that no two ordered pairs have the same x-value
but different y – values. The coordinates called domain and coordinates called range.
Activity 2. Determine which of the following is a rational function, not a rational function or
undefined.
A rational function is a function of the form where (𝑥) and
(𝑥) are polynomial function and (𝑥) is not the zero function ((𝑥) ≠ 0).
1.

CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING

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 What would happen if the (𝑥𝑥) of the form become a zero function? 5. Which of the following amount would the non-accounting office receive?
A. P10, 000 B. P15, 000 C. P20, 000 D. P40, 000

REFLECTIVE LEARNING SHEET

POSTTEST
One of the characteristics of a human person is the capability to
give reason. This makes human distinctive in all creatures that God
Read the questions carefully. Encircle the letter of the correct answer.
made on earth. For this reason, human is considered as a rational
1. Which of the following is a rational function?
person. According to Collins English Dictionary, “a rational person is
someone who is sensible and is able to
A. D.
2. Which of the following statement is true? Make decisions based on intelligent thinking rather than an
emotion.” Given this definition, would you consider yourself as a
A. In a polynomial function 3𝑥𝑥3 − 5𝑥𝑥 + 7, the leading coefficient is 7.
rational person? Why or why not?
B. A function of the form is not the zero function.
______________________________________________________
C. The number of zeroes in a polynomial function cannot be more than two.
______________________________________________________
D. None of the above.
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
3-5 Refer to the problem. ______________________________________________________
A company has a budget of P200,000 to be divided equally among its various offices.
The accounting office of the company receives twice the amount of money than the
______________________________________________________
other offices. ___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
3. Given as the number of offices in the company, which of the following shows the ___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
function (𝑥𝑥) which would give the amount of money each of the non-administration
offices would receive? ___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
A. B. C. D. None ___________________________________________________________
____________________
4. If the company had nine offices, which of the amount would the accounting office
receive?
A. P10, 000 B. P15, 000 C. P20, 000 D. P40, 000

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