SHS

Media and Information

Literacy
Module 1:
Communication, Media and
Information

Government Property
NOT FOR SALE

AIRs - LM 1
LU_Media and Information Literacy_Module1
 MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY
Module 1: Communication, Media and Information
Second Edition, 2021

Copyright © 2021
La Union Schools Division
Region I

All rights reserved. No part of this module may be reproduced in any form without written
permission from the copyright owners.

Development Team of the Module

Author: May Ann V. Flora

Editor: SDO La Union, Learning Resource Quality Assurance Team
Content Reviewer:
Language Reviewer:
Illustrator: Ernesto F. Ramos, Jr., P II
Design and Layout:

Management Team:

ATTY. Donato D. Balderas, Jr.

Schools Division Superintendent
Vivian Luz S. Pagatpatan, Ph.D
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
German E. Flora, Ph.D, CID Chief
Virgilio C. Boado, Ph.D, EPS in Charge of LRMS
Melba N. Paz, Ph.D, EPS in Charge of TVL
Michael Jason D. Morales, PDO II
Claire P. Toluyen, Librarian II

Printed in the Philippines by: _________________________

Department of Education – SDO La Union

Office Address: Flores St. Catbangen, San Fernando City, La Union
Telefax: 072 – 205 – 0046
Email Address: launion@deped.gov.ph

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 SHS
Media and Information
Literacy
Module 1: Communication, Media
and Information

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 Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear
learners, can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities,
questions, directions, exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for
you to understand each lesson.

Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you
step-by-step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons

in each SLM. This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this
module or if you need to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance
for better understanding of the lesson. At the end of each module, you
need to answer the post-test to self-check your learning. Answer keys are
provided for each activity and test. We trust that you will be honest in
using these.

In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are
also provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders
on how they can best help you on your home-based learning.

Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on
any part of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the
exercises and tests. And read the instructions carefully before performing
each task.

If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in

answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your
teacher or facilitator.

Thank you.

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 Target

Media and Information Literacy introduces basic understanding of media

and information as channels of communication and tools for the development
of individuals and societies. It also aims to develop students to be creative and
critical thinkers as well as responsible users and competent producers of
media and information. (MIL Curriculum Guide, DepEd)
This module will provide you with information and activities that will help
you understand how communication is influenced by media and information and
the similarities and differences between and among media literacy, information
literacy, and technology literacy.
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. Describe how communication is influenced by media and information
(MIL11/12IMIL-IIIa-1)
2. Identify the similarities and differences between and among media
literacy, information literacy, and technology literacy. (MIL11/12IMIL-
IIIa-2)

Sub tasks:
1. Define what is communication
2. Discuss how media and information affects communication
3. Define media literacy, information literacy, and technology
literacy
4. Compare and contrast media literacy, information literacy, and
technology literacy

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 Pre - Test

Directions: Read carefully each item. Use a separate sheet for your answer.

I- True or False: Write FACT if the statement is correct; FRAUD if not.

_________1. Communication is the exchange of information that can result in
understanding.
_________2. The sender of information or message is known as the source.
_________3. Mediated interpersonal communication uses devices as channels
of
communication.
_________4. Information must be free of bias towards one point-of-view.
_________5. Media literate individuals have the abilities to decode, analyze,
evaluate and produce information.
_________6. A literate person can read and write.
_________7. Without technology, people will not be able to communicate
properly.
_________8. Body language can be easily seen in phone interviews.
_________9. Communication plays a vital role in our everyday life.
_________10. Media and information have the ability to shape one’s thoughts
or
opinion.

II- Identification: Identify the following.

_________________________1. It is the ability to identify, understand, interpret,

create, communicate, and compute using written or nonwritten materials
associated with varying contexts.
_________________________2. It refers to the listener, reader, and viewer of the
message.
_________________________3. A type of information usually practiced in
corporate meetings, conferences, academic seminars, political sessions, and
juridical proceedings.
_________________________4. A type of communication that helps the receiver to
interpret the message received.
_________________________5. A form of communication that involves two or
three individuals interacting through the use of their voices and bodies.

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 Jumpstart

Activity 1: Read Me! Understand Me!

Directions: Read the short story below and analyze the message of it.
Understand what you are reading.

Just Listen
by Rachel Naomi Remen (Kitchen Table Wisdom)

I suspect that the most basic and powerful way to connect to another person is
to listen. Just listen. Perhaps the most important thing we ever give each other is
our attention. And especially if it’s given from the heart. When people are
talking, there’s no need to do anything but receive them. Just take them in.

Listen to what they’re saying. Care about it. Most times caring about it is even
more important than understanding it. Most of us don’t value ourselves or our
love enough to know this. It has taken me a long time to believe in the power of
simple saying, “I’m so sorry”, when someone is in pain. And meaning it.

One of my patients told me that when she tried to tell her story people often
interrupted to tell her that they once had something just like that happen to
them. Subtly her pain became a story about themselves. Eventually she stopped
talking to most people. It was just too lonely. We connect through listening.
When we interrupt what someone is saying to let them know that we
understand, we move the focus of attention to ourselves. When we listen, they
know we care. Many people with cancer can talk about the relief of having
someone just listen.

I have even learned to respond to someone crying by just listening. In the old
days I used to reach for the tissues, until I realized that passing a person a tissue
may be just another way to shut them down, to take them out of their
experience of sadness and grief. Now I just listen. When they have cried all, they
need to cry, they find me there with them.

This simple thing has not been that easy to learn. It certainly went against
everything I had been taught people listened only because they were too timid
to speak or did not know the answer. A loving silence often has far more power
to heal and to connect than the most well-intentioned words.

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 Based on that short story, what do you think is communication?
Is listening an act of communication?

Discover

I. WHAT IS COMMUNICATION?
Communication is an act or process of using words, sounds, signs, or
behaviors to express or exchange information or to express ideas, thoughts,
feelings to someone else. (http://www.merriam-webster.com)

It is the exchange of information and the expression of feeling that

can result in understanding. (http://dictionary.cambridge.org)

Communication is a two-way method: talking or sending message

and listening or receiving the message. Therefore, in communicating, you
need someone to talk to or someone to receive your message or vice
versa.

II. How Media and Information Affect Communication

Media are communication channels which news, entertainment,
education, information or promotional messages are disseminated.
This may include everything that is broadcasted and narrow casted in
different mediums like newspapers, billboards, direct mail, magazines,
telephone, television, radio, fax, and the internet.

Media Roles
The following are the roles of media to the public:
a. Act as channels of information and knowledge
b. Facilitate informed debates
c. Provide us with information about the world beyond our
immediate
experience
d. Function as an advocate and social actor in its own right while
respecting
pluralistic values
e. Build a sense of community
f. Function as a watchdog of the government in promoting
transparency

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 g. Act as a facilitator of democratic process
h. Serve as a vehicle for cultural expression and cultural cohesion

Information
Information are facts learned or provided about something or
someone. These are often conveyed or represented through symbols, events,
experience, details and many more.

The Internet: Means of Communication

The internet plays a vital role in communicating information in the
Philippines because the internet has a large number of users.

The Internet: Source of Information

The internet is an important source of information because of the
following:
 It has a wide array of publishers.
 It has vast information from culture to science.
 It has an archive of all news globally.

Information can be accessed across the globe through different

platforms in the internet creating convenience in information accessibility.
Information can also be accessed through:
● Facebook ● Twitter
● Blogs ● Websites
● Online Journals ● LinkedIn

Facebook: A Channel for Communication

Facebook is a popular means for communication, especially in the
Philippines. Its features that make it a channel for communication are the
following:
• Facebook chat allows you to communicate real time despite geographical
locations.
• Facebook status allows you to send to your readers a message you want to
convey.

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 • Facebook comment can be a form of communication for feedback.
As a means of communicating information, Facebook has been a
medium of sharing authentic news, fake news, satirical information and
many more.
Today, traditional media like the television, radio and newspaper have
utilized Facebook to reach more audience and as an alternative medium in
delivering information.

Facebook has changed the world the world because it:

• changed how we keep in touch
• changed the way we view privacy
• changed the way people are bullied
• changed the way we share our lives
• changed the way we consume information
• changed the way people are bullied• changed the way businesses
interact with customers.

III. Media and Information

Media and Information can and cannot influence its audience, but
generally, it influences majority of its audience. It can influence the audience
because these dictate the audience what to do and what to think and at the
same time triggers a social response to its audience. Media and Information
cannot influence some of its audience because these can be filtered by their
audience.

IV. Similarities and Differences of Media Literacy, Information

Literacy, and Technology Literacy

Terms to Understand:
1. Media Literacy
The ability to access, analyze, evaluate, and create media in a
variety of forms. It aims to empower citizens by providing them with the
competencies (knowledge and skills) necessary to engage with traditional
media and new technologies.
2. Information Literacy
The ability to recognize when information is needed and to locate,

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 evaluate, effectively use and communicate information in its various formats.
3. Technology (Digital) Literacy
The ability to use digital technology, communication tools or
networks to locate, evaluate, use, and create information.
4. Literacy
The ability to identify, understand, interpret, create, communicate
and compute, using printed and written materials associated with varying
contexts. Literacy involves a continuum of learning, wherein individuals
are able to achieve their goals, develop their knowledge and potential,
and participate fully in their community and wider society.
5. Media
The physical objects used to communicate with, or the mass
communication through physical objects such as radio, television, computers,
film, etc. It also refers to any physical object used to communicate messages.
6. Information
A broad term that covers processed data, knowledge derived from
study, experience, instruction, signals or symbols.

V. Media and Information Literacy

The essential skills and competencies that allow individuals to
engage with media and other information providers effectively, as well as
develop critical thinking and life-long learning skills to socialize and
become active citizens. (MIL Policy and Strategy Guidelines by UNESCO,
2013)
MIL includes information and communication literacy and digital
literacy. It is defined as a set of competencies that empowers citizens to
access, retrieve, understand, evaluate and use, create, as well as share
information and media content in all formats, using various tools, in a
critical, ethical and effective way, in order to participate and engage in
personal, professional and societal activities.
(http://www.uis.unesco.org/communication/pages/information-
literacy.aspx#sthash.y4uxqkgi.dpuf)

VI. Importance of Media and Information Literacy

• To learn about the world

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 • To make informed decisions
• To engage in lifelong learning
• To maintain public discourse
• To maintain public discourse
• To build a sense of community

VII. Effects of Media and Information Literacy

Media and Information Literacy (MIL) is now considered as a new
emerging field of human rights that promotes greater social inclusion. It
bridges the gap between the information rich and the information poor. It
endows individuals with knowledge of the functions of media and
information and the conditions under which these functions performed. It
is closely related to Lifelong learning which enables individuals to attain
their goals and take advantage of the emerging opportunities in the
dynamic global environment.

Explore

Enrichment Activity 1: Make a graphic organizer!

Direction: Create a graphic organizer showing the similarities and differences

between and among media literacy, information literacy and technology literacy.
Briefly explain the graphic organizer you made in three to five sentences. Write
your answer in a separate sheet of paper.

Enrichment Activity 2: Is it True? Is it False?

Direction: Read carefully each item. Use a separate sheet for your answer.
Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if it is not correct.

_____1. Being information literate individual is not an easy task.

_____2. Evaluating is the first step in information literacy strategy.
_____3. We must access the needed information effectively and efficiently.
_____4. The proper use of information given by media depends on people’s
abilities to understand.

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 _____5. Media and information literacy have the ability to shape one’s thoughts
or opinion.
_____6. Media literate individuals can decode, analyze, evaluate and produce
information.
_____7. Information must be free from bias towards one point-of-view.
_____8. Communication is the exchange of information that can result in
understanding.
_____9. Without technology, people will not be able to communicate properly.
_____10. Communication plays a vital role in everyday life.

Deepen

Direction: Answer the following on a separate sheet of paper.

 How do you use media as a tool for communication?

 How do Media Literacy, Information Literacy, Technology Literacy and
Media and Information Literacy differ in terms of use? Elaborate your
answer using a table.
 What makes an individual literate in media and information?
 What activities/habits do you practice which illustrate media and
information literacy? Give at least three examples.

Gauge

MULTIPLE CHOICE.
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer and write your
answer on the space provided before each number.
_____1. Radio, television, newspaper and internet are examples of:
A. Information C. Media
B. Literacy D. Technology
_____2. This is a set of abilities requiring individuals to “recognize when
information is needed and have the ability to locate, evaluate, and use the
needed information effectively.”

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 A. Media Literacy C. Information Literacy
B. Technology Literacy D. Communication Literacy

_____3. This is the understanding of the concepts behind computing

equipment, network connectivity, and application software; the skills to
responsibly use appropriate technology to access, synthesize, evaluate,
communicate, and create information to solve problems and improve
learning in all subject areas; and the ability to acquire new knowledge for
on-going and lifelong learning in the 21st century global workplace.
A. Media Literacy C. Information Literacy
B. Technology Literacy D. Communication Literacy
_____4. It is a communication channel which news, entertainment,
education, information or promotional messages are disseminated.
A. Information C. Media
B. Literacy D. Technology
_____5. It refers to tools used by the source to disseminate information to
the receivers.
A. Information C. Media
B. Literacy D. Technology

_____6. Broadly defined as data, knowledge, or instructions through the

signals or symbols.
A. Information C. Media
B. Literacy D. Technology

______7. It is defined as a set of competencies that empowers citizens to

access, retrieve, understand, evaluate and use, create, as well as share
information and media content in all formats, using various tools, in a
critical, ethical and effective way, in order to participate and engage in
personal, professional and societal activities.

A. Communication C. Technology Literacy

B. Media Literacy D. Media and Information
Literacy

______8. The ability to use digital technology, communication tools or

networks to locate, evaluate, use, and create information.
A. Communication C. Technology Literacy
B. Media Literacy D. Media and Information
Literacy

______9. Information is defined in so many ways, EXCEPT:

A. It is a fact C. Details about a subject
B. Data or knowledge D. Signal or symbol only

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 _____10. It is a person who has the ability to locate, evaluate, and use
effectively the needed information.
A. Millennial C. Information literate
B. Computer literate D. Information literacy

_____11. Which of the following best describes “information literacy”?

A. The ability to read
B. The ability to use a computer
C. The ability to find reliable information
D. b and c only

_____12. Information literacy is a term that best applies to:

A. Librarians designing interactive instruction tools
B. Lifelong learners in any number of learning situations
C. College students learning to improve their research skills
D. None of the above

_____13. Find the best answer: A person that is media literate can:
A. Easily use all types of computer hardware and
software and other forms of new technology
B. Use and find information of all types like university library,
computer sources, microfilm and indexes/abstracts
C. Read, analyze and critically evaluate information presented
in a variety of formats (television, print, radio, computers, etc.)
D. Critically evaluate television programs and see-through
persuasion techniques.

______14. Which of the following statement describes a responsible and

competent producer of media information?
A. Share inappropriate photos in Instagram.
B. Share unverified information on Facebook
C. Do not engage in flame war on social media.
D. Post bad words in his or her Facebook status.
______15. It is the tendency that as media and technology changes,
different technological systems evolve toward performing similar task.
A. Media literacy C. Information literacy
B. Media convergence D. Media and Information
literacy

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 Answer Key

Pretest:

Gauge:

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 References

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