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Cell-Junctions

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Cell-Junctions

Uploaded by

manrajghumman555
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Cell Junctions


 Intercellular space in closely packed tissue is about
20nm. The cells are bound together by the specific
adhesive glycoprotein.

 Epithelial cells adhere to each other through


glycoproteins called Cadherins

 Modified cell membranes contributing in cohesion


and communication are called Cell junctions

1 https://www.nursingsathi.com
Types of Cell Junctions

 There are three types of Cell Junctions
1. Occluding Junctions
2. Adhering Junctions
3. Communicating Junctions

2 https://www.nursingsathi.com
Occluding Junctions

 Found in epithelial tissues
 Also known as “Tight Junctions”
 Do not allow passage of small molecules form
impermiable membrane.
Types:
 Zonula Occludens
 Fascia Occludens

3 https://www.nursingsathi.com
Zonula Occludens

 Encircles the entire cell perimeter
 Occludes the intercellular space
 Series of focal fusions
 The adjacent cell membranes approach each other,
outer leaflets fuse, diverge again then fuse again
 At fusions sites specific trans membranous proteins
named (Occludins, and Claudins) perform the
binding function
 Less in PCT and more in the intestinal mucosa

4 https://www.nursingsathi.com

5 https://www.nursingsathi.com
Fascia Occludens

 A strip like tight junction of limited extent
 Found between the endothelial cells of the blood
vessels

6 https://www.nursingsathi.com
Adhering Junctions

 Anchoring junctions
 Provide cell-cell or cell to basal lamina adherence
Types:
 Zonula adherens
 Fascia adherencs
 Macula adherens (Desmosomes)
 Hemidesmosomes

7 https://www.nursingsathi.com
Zonula Adherens

 A belt like junction
 No fusion of cell membranes
 Trans membranous glycoprotein “E-cadherin”
occupies intercellular gap
 E-cadherin links to adherent proteins in cytoplasm
which are:
 Catenin
 Vinculin

8 https://www.nursingsathi.com
Fascia Adherens

 Structurally it is similar to Zonula adherence
 But its cell junction is strip-like and (not ring-like or
belt-like)
 i.e. Cardiac muscle cells.

9 https://www.nursingsathi.com
Desmosomes

 Macula adherins are commonly known as desmosomes
 “Spot-weld” like junctions
 Randomly distributed along lateral plasma membranes
of the cells in simple epithelium
 In stratified epithelium it is distributed throughout the
plasma membrane
 It is also found in cardiac muscle cells

10 https://www.nursingsathi.com
Desmosomes

 Cell membrane in the region of junctions are seen
further apart (30mm) than the usual gap
 Electron dense attachment plaques are located
opposite to each other on the cytoplasmic aspects
 Intermediate filaments of the cytoskeleton are
anchored to the attachment plaques
 Two types of transmembranes glycoproteins named
Desmocolins and Desmogleins provide adherence

11 https://www.nursingsathi.com

12 https://www.nursingsathi.com
Hemidesmosomes

 These junctions serve to anchor the epithelial cells to
the basal lamina
 A hemidesmosome is a spot like adhering junction
which gives appearance of a half desmosome
 In hemidesmosome transmembrane linker proteins
are integrins
 The cytoplasmic intermediate filaments of keratin
are inserted in to the attachment plaque

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14 https://www.nursingsathi.com
Communicating
Junctions

 Characterized by presence of minute tubular
passageways
 Provide direct cell to cell communication
 Tubular passages allow movement of ions and other
small molecules between adjacent cells

15 https://www.nursingsathi.com
Gap Junction

 Gap junction also called the “Nexus” which are
communication junctions, occur frequently between
the epithelial cells
 Also found in cardiac muscle cells, smooth muscles,
neurons, astrocytes, and osteocytes
 Plasma membrane of the adjoining cells are closely
opposed with a gap of only 2nm
 The gap junction contains closely packed numerous
tubular intercommunicating channels

16 https://www.nursingsathi.com
Gap Junctions

 The lumens of the channels of gap junction have an
average diameter of 1.5nm
 These channels permit free passage of ions, sugar
and amino acids
 In cardiac and smooth muscles the gap junction
provides electrical coupling of the adjacent cells
 Gap junctions are frequently found in embryonic
cells

17 https://www.nursingsathi.com

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