Environmental Studies BESK508

MODULE 1

1. Most stable ecosystem is

(a) Forest (b) Desert (c) Ocean (d) Mountain

2. Which of the following statement about the forest is not correct

(a) Forest reduces soil erosion (b) Provides recreational opportunities
(c) Provides economic development d) None of the above

3. Study of trends in human population growth and prediction of future growth is called
(a)Demography (b) Biography (c) paleography (d) psychology

4. Which of the following is not a method of water conservation

(a) rain water harvesting (b) ground water extraction
(c) improving irrigation efficiency d) avoiding water wastage

5. Formation of ozone is
(a) oxidation reaction (b) oxidation reaction
(c) photochemical reaction (d) photochemical reaction

6. Housing has become inaccessible to the poor due to

a) Increased population b) Non-availability of land

c) High cost d) none of the above

7. The science that deals with the relationship of various organisms

with their environment is known as
a) economics b) geology c) ecology d) anthropology

8. Objective of environmental studies is to

a). Raise consciousness about environmental conditions
a) Create environmental ethics that foster awareness about the ecological inter -
dependence of economic, social and political factors in a human community and the
environment.
leach environmentally appropriate behaviour
d) All of the above.

9. An ecosystem consists of
a) Biotic component b)a biotic component c) Both a and b d) None
of these

10.The perfect equilibrium existing in the biosphere between the various organisms
is known as
a) Environmental balance b)Ecological balance
c) Ecological cycle d) None of these
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10. A simple detritus food chain starts with

a) green plant b) wastes of organisms and dead
organisms
c) both of these d) none of these
11. A simple detritus food chain starts with
a) green plant b) wastes of organisms and dead
organisms
c) both of these d) none of these
12. In a food chain humans are
a) Primary consumers b) Secondary consumers
c) Primary and secondary consumers d) Producers

13. The human activity, among the following, which causes maximum
environmental pollution having regional and global impact, is

a) Agriculture
b) Urbanization
c) Industrialization
d) Mining

9 .Facultative Bacteria exisiing in which type of Environmental

condition?
a) Presence of oxygen b) Absence of oxygen
c) Both a and b d) None

10. Word Environment is derived from :

a) English b) German c) French d) Italy

11. Organisms who directly feed on producers are called :

a) Carnivoresb) Omnivores c) Herbivores d) Decomposers

12. Largest reservoir of Nitrogen is exists in :

a) Hydrosphereb) Lithosphere c) Atmosphere d) Stratosphere.

13. 'World Environmental Day' is celebrated every year on:

a) 5th Mayb) 5th June c) 5,hJuly d) 18u'July.

14. 'Earth's Day' is celebrated every year on:

a) Oct 26th b) June 5th c) April 22nd d) Dec
rd
23 .

15. Eutrophication means :

a) Waste water Treatment process b) Neutralization of waste water
c) Enrichment of plant nutrients in water bodies. d) Water purification
16. An ecosystem is a region in which
 Environmental Studies BESK508

a) Dead organism interact with their environment

b) Living organism do not interact with their environment
c) Living organism interact with their environment
d) All the above.

17. The term ecosystem was first proposed by

e) a) Jacob Van Verkul b) A.G. Tansley c) Costanza d) Tyler Miller

19. Biotic components include

a) All living organisms b) Water, mineral and gases
c) Self-nourishing green plants d) light, temperature etc.

20. The sequence of eating and being eaten in an ecosystem is called

a) Carbon cycle b) food chain c) sulphur cycle d) hydrological cycle

21. An animal that feeds upon another animal is

a) Consumer b) producer c) predator d) decomposer

22. Which part of plant contains nitrogen fixing bacteria?

a) Roots b) Stems c) Leaves d) All the above.

23. Green revolution is

a) Crop variety improvement b) Judicious use of fertilizers
c) Expansion of irrigation d) All the above.

24. Organic farming is

a) farming without using pesticides and chemical fertilizers
b) enhancing biodiversity
c) Promoting soil biological activity
d) All the above.

25. Percentage of nitrogen in earth's atmosphere

is a) 98%b) 78% c)21% d) 12%
c) interlocking of food
26. The major objective of the family welfare programs in India is chains
a) Disease control b) population growth rate control d) A set of similar
c) Employment generation d) none of these consumers

27. Which of the following components of the environment are

effective transporters of matter?
a) Atmosphere and hydrosphere
b) Atmosphere and lithosphere
c) Hydrosphere and lithosphere
d) Lithosphere and thermosphere

28. A food web consists of

a) A portion of food chain
b) Producers, consumers and decomposers
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29.Tendency of pollutants to become concentrated in successive tropic levels is known as
a)Bioremediation b) Biomagnification c) Biopiracy d) Biorhythm.

30.The Government of India adopted the National Housing and habitat policy a) 1998 b) 1999
in c) 2000 d) 2001

31.Social security is one of the most important programmes providing benefits to

a) Worker/employee b) Un-employee
c) Families of deceased d) All of the above

32. The major objective of the family welfare programs in India is

a) Disease control b) Population growth rate control
c) Employment generation d) None of these.

33. Which atmospheric layer is closest to the Earth's surface?

a) Mesosphere b) Troposphere c) Stratosphere d) Thermosphere

34. Earth's body temperature is approximately equal to ?

a)16.4°C b) 16.6°C c) 36°C d) 21.6°C

35. Which of the following is a biotic component of an ecosystem?

a) Sunlight b) Fungi c) Temperature & Water d) Wind

36. Amount of carbon dioxide present in atmospheric air is

a) 21% b) 0.383% c) 78% d) 0.318%

37. Which of the following countries has the highest

biodiversity?
a. South America b. South Africa c. Russia d. India
38. Lime is generally added to _____ soil

(a) Salty
(b) Dry
(c) Alkaline
(d) Acidic

39.How many bio geographic does india have

a)5 b)6 c)8 d) 10

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40. The maximum genetic diversity in India

(a) Potato
(b) Tea
(c) Mango
(d) Teak

41. One of the most prevalent hotspots of biodiversity in India

a) Himalayas
(b) Western Ghats
(c) Ganges
(d) None of the above

42. Example of an ex-situ conservation.

(a) Sacred groves

(b) Wildlife sanctuary
(c) Seed bank
(d) National park

43. _________ is not generally seen in biodiversity hotspots.

(a) Endemism
(b) Species richness
(c) Loss of diversity
(d) Lesser interspecific competition.

44. ___________ occurs when the death of the last individual in a species occurs.
(a) Adaptation
(b) Phylogenic diversity
(c) Speciation
(d) Extinction

45. ____________ is defined as an ecological state of a species being unique to a specific geographic
location.
(a) Exotic species
(b) Endemic species
(c) Ecosystem
(d) None of the above

46. 12._________ is the forest cover to be maintained as per the National Forest Policy (1988)
(a) 67% for hills & 33% for plains
(b) 37% for hills & 11% for plains
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(c) 17% for hills & 23% for plains

(d) None of the above

47. ___________ is defined as the number of species represented in a specific region, landscape or an
ecological community.
(a) Coevolution
(b) Commensalism
(c) Species richness
(d) Population density

48. Global warming can significantly be controlled by _____________

(a) Increasing solid waste
(b) Reducing water wastage
(c) Burning human-generated waste
(d) Reducing fossil fuel consumption

49. Which of the following animals is now extinct?

(a) Tasmanian tiger
(b) Tasmanian devil
(c) Pademelon
(d) Quoll

51.How many biosphere reserves are present in India ?

(a) 41 (b) 34 (c) 14 (d) 43

52 Which micro organism is responsible for synthesis of antibiotics ?

(a) Bacteria (b) Virus (c) Fungus (d) Algae
53 In which region of South America maximum species of birds can be found ?
a)Equador (b) Brazil (c) Colombia (d) Peru
54 Which scientist has classified species diversity ?
a)Thoeprestus (b) Lineus (c) Whittaker (d) Treshaw
55 Which group is meant for Endemic species of birds ?
a)Nilgiri pipit, Rofous babbler, Lesser-Florican
(b) Lesser-Florican, Nilgiri wood pigeon, Malabar parakeet
(c) Malabar parakeet, Niligiri pipit, Rofousbabbler
(d) all the above

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Environmental Studies 18CIV59

56 How many Indian plant species are used to extract essential oils and scents ?
(a)50 (b) 500 (c) 50,000 (d) 5000
57 Which is the correct option.
(e) There is chance in Natural selection in evolutionprocess due to alpha biodiversity
(f) There is chance in Natural selection in process of evolution due to genetic diversity
(g) There is chance in Natural selection in process of evolution due to
Ecosystem biodiversity
(h) There is chance in Natural selection in process of due to biocommunity diversity
58 Which is the state plant of Gujarat ?
a)Polyalthia (b) Prosopis (c) Ficus (d) Neem
59 Which can be used for cryopreservation at 196°C temprature ?
a) liquid N2 (b) Free N2 (c) liquid Co2 (d) Solid N2
60 How many protected areas are present in India ?
(a) 89 (b) 581 (c) 492 (d) 34
61 What can be done by the number of species in habitat ?
a)Measurement of species diversity in habitat
b)Measurement of gene diversity of species in habitat
c)Measurement of interaction of biocommunities
d)Measurement of function of Ecosystem

62 Which type of relation is found in between richness of species and variety of phylum ?
(i) Hyperbola (b) Circular hyperbola
(c) Rectangular hyperbola (d) Reciprocal
63 Which is the right option for national animal and bird of India ?
a)Peacock & Lion (b) Flamingo & Tiger
(c) Peacock & Tiger (d) Flamingo & Lion
64 Which is the right sequence for Ecological diversity ?
a)Biomes  habitat  Ecosystem population
b)Biomes Ecosystem habitat  niches
c)Biomes  Ecosystem  population  niches
d)Biomes  habitat  niches  Ecosystem
65 Which one is maintained in botanical garden of Waghai in Gujarat ?
(j) Fibrous plants (b) Etable plants (c) Economical plants (d) medicinal plant

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66 Where the knowledge of biodiversity is applicable ?

a)To study, classification of animals and plants.(b) To study, Ecosystem
(c) To study, Biogeological region (d) all the given
67 How many botanical gardens are registered in IABG ?
(a) 1500 (b) 80,000 (c) 800 (d) 900
68 Which information is correct for our country ?
a)India is one of the twelve mega biodiversity countries of the world.
b)India comprises 2.4% biodiversity of world.
c)India contains more than 7 % plant species of world.
d)India stands at 7th rank in traditional crop varieties.
69 Species diversity is responsible for which phenomena ?
a)process of Evolution
b)speciation
c)For alternative types (allele) of gene.
d)For stability and normal function of Ecosystem
70 Which is the wild flower of symbol of Gujarat state ?
a) Calotropis procera (b) Eicchornia cresipis
(c) Indian laburnum (d) Oscimum sanctum
71 Which statement is correct for buffer zone of biosphere reserve ?
a)It is legally protected
b) Authority takes cooperation with localpeople.
c) Environmental Education is facilitated by this zone.
d) Hunting and felling of trees occur in this zone

72 Biodiversity of which organism is more in Eastern Ghat in comparison to Western Ghat ?

(a) Reptilia (b) Amphibian (c) Aves (d) Mammals
73 What is Ecosystemdiversity ?
(b) similarity of species diversity in Ecosystem
(c) Variation in species diversity in Ecosystem
(d) Mutation in species diversity in Ecosystem
(e) Homozygosity in species diversity in Ecosystem
74 How can the biodiversity can be conserved ?
(f) By maintenance of different species
(g) By maintenance of genes of different species.
(h) By maintenance of different Ecosystem
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(i) all of Engineering
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75 Which regions are included in Biodiversity Hot-spot ?

a)Sanctuary (b) National park
(c) Only Hotspot (d) all the given
76 How many mangroves species are founds in marine bio diversity of
India? (a) 45 (b) 341 (c) 54 (d) 431
77 Which one is odd for India ?
a) 7th rank in agriculture species.
b.origin place of 166 species of crop plants.
c.Primary centre for domestication of ginger, turmeric, citrus, cardamom.
d.It contains 12 mega biodiversity region.
78 Which one is the correct pair ?
a)Bali Tiger – Endangered species (b) Caspian Tiger – Extinct species
(c) Javan Tiger – Rare species (d) all the given.
79 Which one is correct for tropical forest of Gujarat ?
a)Thorn forest (b) Moist deciduous forest
(c) Dry deciduous forest (d) all the given
80 For which animal sunderbans is declared as a National Park ?
a)Lion (b) Rhino (c) Tiger (d) Wild ass
81 Which one is odd for Amzon rain forest ?
a)Africa (b) Russia (c) Mauritius (d) Java
82 Among the recently extinct animal, Guagga is of which country ?
a)Mammals-472 (b) Reptile-427 (c) Birds-1300 (d) piceis-3000

83 Which reason is responsible for extinction of host fish and parasites.

(k) co-extinctions (b) Alien species invasions
(c) over exploitation (d) loss of habitat
84 Which rock species of Western Ghat is extinct due to quarrying?
(l) Tectona and Terminalia (b) Bamboo and Boswelia
(c) Bignonia and Habanera (d) Madhuea and Acacia
85 Which organisation is active for conservation of biodiversity at world level ?
a)WWF (b) WCU (c) a and b both (d) EE
86 Which statements are true.
1. At present there are 14 biosphere reserves in India.
2. Biospheres includes 3 zones.
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Environmental Studies 18CIV59

4. UNO has formulated the concept of biosphere reserve.

87 Find odd one out :-
a)Project Elephant (b) Tiger Project
(c) Gir Lion Project (d) Project Wild ass
88 Which one is correct for individual of the same species ?
a)Population (b) Biotic Community
(c) Ecosystem (d) All the given
89 Which animal is remnant gene pool in the world ?
a)Flamingo (b) Painted Frog
(c) Wild ass (d) Spring tailed Lizard
90 Find odd one out :
a)Nanda devi (b) Great Nicobar (c) Mannar (d) Thar
91 Animals and plants are used as a food that means.....
a)Destruction value of biodiversity (b) Utility value of biodiversity
(c) Ecosystem services (d) all the given

92 In which zone there is no disturbance.

A)Buffer zone (b) Core Zone (c) Transition zone(d)
All the given
93 Which is the example of ex-situ conservation ?
a)National park (b) Sanctuary (c) Biosphere reserve (d) Zoo
94 Which type of information is obtained form Red-List ?
a)Red coloured fishes (b) Red eyed birds
(c) Endangered plants and animals (d) Red coloured insects
95 Which is true for wild life conservation ?
a)Hunting of prey (b) ex-situ conservation
(c) In-situ conservation (d) B and C both
96 Which is the main cause of extinction of wild life ?
a)Destruction of habitat (b) Hunting for flesh
(c) Pollution of medicine and water (d) All the given
97 At which place animals and plants are most protected ?
a)Botanical gardens (b) National Park (c) Zoos (d) Sanctuary
98 For which animal Gir National Park is famous ?
a) Tiger (b) Asiatic Lion (c) Leopard (d) Deer

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99 Which is not applicable institute conservation ?

a)National Park (b) Sanctuary (c) Botanical Garden (d) Biosphere reserve
100 Which one is protected in national park ?
a)Micro organism (b) Only plants (c) Plants and animals (d) Non

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 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIESEnvironmental Studies (21civ57)

101 In India, Western ghat is known as Hot-spot because of …..

a. Evergreen forest (b) High endemism
(c) more height (d) Topical climate
102 What is important of gene diversity ?
a. Maintenance of species (b) speciation
(c) Research of genetic code (d) Maintenance and research of spices
103 How many plant species are there in India ? 2008)
(a) 40,000 (b) 80,000
(c) 58,000 (d) 45,500
104 What is called the biodiversity of habitat ?
a.  diversity (b)  diversity
(c)  diversity (d) Biosphere
105 Which is the modern concept of conservation ?
a. Biosphere reserve (b) sanctuary
(c) National park (d) Protected forest

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