Name: Norhaina N.

Sarif
Program/Year level: BSED II
Course Description: Electricity and Magnetism

Final Assessment

1. Magnetic Navigation and Earth’s Magnetic Field

Earth’s has a north and south pole that exerting magnetic

field. Earth’s magnetic field play a crucial role throughout the
world and the organism living in the earth. In earth the magnetic
field behave like a shield that protects the earth from the solar
wind causes by the sun that produce an harmful ultraviolet
radiation that might destruct the earth’s ozone layer and organisms
living in it.

However the magnetic field of the earth is used and being involved
from various earths phenomenon and compasses. The compasses
pointers are pointed with it particular position or magnetic field
line. The needle's north pole points towards Earth's magnetic north
pole and the needle’s south pole toward earth’s south pole. Note
that it is not actually 100% accurate because there are certain
things that affect or the magnetic declination.

So, how can it the compass reliable? Is it actually reliable all the
time? A grasp description about magnetic field will tackle the
things affecting compasses reliability. First, the solar wind, it caries
a high charge particles that blocked by the earths magnetic fields
preventing it to go though earths atmosphere, by that it will also
affect the compasses interaction with magnetic field,specifically
during the solar storm that distort earth’s magnetic field as a result
an impact to compasses results reliability.

Additionally, Geomagnetic Latitude, your location from the earths

surface resulting an impact to the earths magnetic field. For
example, the Arctic and Antarctic which is located near at the
Earths poles, with that it is more susceptible with magnetic fields
disturbance. These different regions, polar, equatorial, and mid-
latitude gives different results to the compass as their proportions
to the earth’s magnetic field.

2. Application of Electromagnets in Medicine

Electromagnet has variety of use in physics, medicine,

technologies etc. However in in this tackle I am going to talk about
the electromagnet in medicine. With the help of electromagnet
medical professionals and anatomies can easily detect and specify
the different tissues and bones in our body and detect different
diseases.

First, radtech they were using a technologies powered and held by

electromagnet to cure and detect diseases. X-ray is one of the
requirements before taking to a non/government professions to
identify any problems regarding with you internal structure.
Another, MRI it use to diagnostic tool that powered by magnetic
field for the clear and detailed images of our tissues/organs.

Connecting to the physics the electromagnetism and quantum

mechanics which study about the behaviour of atoms and particles,
the mechanics underlying the function of MRI. With that, scientist
study and understand the behaviour of atom and quantum world, as
a product, the MRI. With the help of quantum and electromagnets
anatomies can identify the diseases and cure.
3. Magnetism and Climate Studies

Earth’s magnetic field is dynamic power exerting

continuously from the molten iron, the inner core. A physical
explanation with this phenomena is quite complex. However via
scientific studies it gives a studies explained how it really works.
But the earth’s magnetic field is not just a phenomena, it gives
benefits all throughout the earth’s surface.

First, earth’s magnetic field deflects the solar wind, solar with are
carrying a very harmful and powerful ultraviolet radiation, this
radiation can cause a destruction from our atmosphere and living
organisms inside the planet. It does not stop with that deflecting
solar wind help the earth atmosphere to stay in balance or
equilibrium amount of gasses that are essential to the organism
(oxygen/nitrogen) or the atmospheric composition preservation.

Regarding to the earth’s magnetic field affecting the climate

pattern, as a basic standard in science, we all know that the
atmosphere has a crucial role with balancing earth’s surface
temperature, magnetic field act like a shield and it will indirectly
help to stabilize the climate.

Lastly, when it come to the impact in the living organisms , it will

directly protects the organism from over exposure of the organisms
in harmful radiation that may cause different diseases, also
magnetic field can cause and affect the human mood and
behaviour.

4. Industrial use of Magnetic Field

 Permanent magnets and electromagnets are being used by
the industrial needs of he society, but comparing the electromagnet
and permanent magnet has a different efficiency and use. They are
both significantly effectively and reliable, with regard in the
properties and materials being used.

Permanent magnets. Permanent magnets are made from materials

with strong ferromagnetic properties, such as neodymium iron
boron (NdFeB) or samarium cobalt (SmCo). 1 These materials
retain their magnetic properties even without an external power
source.

Permanent magnet motors offer high efficiency and power density.

The permanent magnets provide a constant magnetic field, which
interacts with the current-carrying coils to produce rotational
torque.
Generators: Permanent magnet generators are used in various
applications, including wind turbines and hydroelectric power
plants. They convert mechanical energy into electrical energy by
utilizing the relative motion between a coil and a permanent
magnet.

Electromagnets typically use soft ferromagnetic materials like iron

or steel as cores. These materials can be easily magnetized and
demagnetized by applying or removing an electric current.
Electromagnet motors, such as induction motors, are widely used
in industrial applications. They operate on the principle of
electromagnetic induction, where a changing magnetic field
induces a current in a conductor, resulting in a force that drives
the motor.
Electromagnet generators, such as alternators, are used in power
plants to generate large amounts of electricity. They utilize the
principle of electromagnetic induction to convert mechanical
energy into electrical energy.

5. Magnetism in space exploration

Dangerous energetic particles emitted by the Sun are mostly

deflected by the Earth’s protective magnetic bubble, called the
magnetosphere, or absorbed by the atmosphere. Astronauts outside
this relatively safe environment, on the Moon or Mars, for example,
would require some other means of protection if they are to avoid
the harmful effects of this radiation.

It has been demonstrated that a 1 Tesla magnet (similar to the

strength of magnets in an MRI machine) would be able to provide a
magnetic shield about 100-200m across. This is technically feasible
and would be capable of deflecting the majority of harmful solar
particles.

In a new study, Yale scientists Zhongtian Zhang and David

Bercovici propose that under certain conditions, collisions between
asteroids can lead to the formation of metal asteroids that can
generate a magnetic field and record the magnetism by their own
materials. Small fragments of these asteroids, with the traces of
magnetism, could fall to Earth as meteorites.

Integrated units combine multiple different attitude and navigation

components to provide a simple, single-component solution to a
spacecraft’s GNC requirements.

Typical components included are reaction wheels, magnetometer,

magnetic torquers, and star trackers. The systems often include
processors and software with attitude determination and control
capabilities. Table 5-2 describes some of the integrated systems
currently available that are associated with a TRL value of 7-9. Blue
Canyon Technologies’ XACT (figure 5.1) flew on the NASA-led
missions MarCO and ASTERIA, both of which were 6U platforms,
and have also flown on 3U missions (MinXSS was deployed from
NanoRacks in February 2016).

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