SECTION A (Objective Type Questions) la 2d 3.d 4.¢ 5.d 6b 8a 9b 10.¢ ll. b 12. (This question has been printed incorrectly in the book. Kindly update the question your textbook.) Match column A with Column B Column A Column B 1. Expert System A. Simulate how a human would behave as a conversational partner. 2. Chatbot B. Uses knowledge stored in a knowledge base but requires the intervention of human expert. 3. Digital Assistant C. Autonomous vehicle 4, self-driving car D. Works on various mobile platforms a1>B; 254330450 b. 1+A;24B8;3 C450 €19D;294 3B 49C d.19G29435D,45B Ans. a 13a B. 1. Precision 2. Affordable, skilled engineers 3. Hanson Robotics 4, Analysis, Prediction 5, Surveillance 6. Justice 7. Coding 8, Healthcare, Construction 9. Data Science 10. HDFC 11. Big Data 12. data C1 Tue 2. False 3. True 4, True 5, True 6. True 7. False 8 False 9. True 10. False 11. False 12, True SECTION B (Subjective Type Questions) A. 1. Some applications of CV in Al are facial lock in smartphones, unustal behaviour detection, object classification, etc. 2. Areas where Al has made a remarkable impact are: a. Security surveillance b. Education c. Space exploration 3. The main focus of Al would be to replace humans in hazardous jobs. Fields like medicine, industry, environment, defence, wherever humans are vulnerable, it will be replaced with machines with human-like intelligence. 4, Data is a domain of AI that is related to input to the AI machine. AI requires large amounts of data to find the latest trends and patterns. More the data, the better will be the analysis and more accurate would be the prediction.10. The main goal of smart cities is to optimise the economic growth of the city and improve quality of life for people with the use of technology and data analysis. ‘Smart Homes are homes that use internet connected devices to empower remote monitoring and management of appliances and devices such as for lighting and heating. The goal of this SDG is to end hunger, achieve food security, improve nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture. It also aims to seek sustainable solutions to end hunger in all its forms by 2030 and to achieve food security. A Sustainable Smart City is a city that use technology to provide services and better citizen welfare. It uses Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to communicate, deliver welfare schemes, improve operational efficiency and better quality of government services. The main goal of smart cities is to optimise the economic growth of the city and improve the quality of life for people with the use of technology and data analysis LaMDA is the latest breakthrough in natural language understanding. It's a language model for dialogue applications and its open domain, which means its design to converse on any open-end topic. Astronomers used Al to sift through years of data obtained by the Kepler telescope to identify a distant eight-planet solar system. Al is also being used for NASA's next mission to Mars, the AEGIS— a Mars based Al robot, already on the planet is responsible to handle autonomous targeting of cameras in order to perform investigations in Mars. 11. With rapid development of Al, the fear of unemployment is constant. Jobs in manufacturing, agriculture, food service, retail, transportation and logistics, and hospitality are some of the industries likely to be affected, The majority of the repetitive tasks would be taken over by Al 12. One of the benefits of Al for business is that it handles repetitive tasks across an organization so that employees can focus on creative solutions, complex problem solving, and impactful work. 13. Artificial Intelligence (Al) is a branch of computer science that simulates human intelligence into machines, especially in computer systems, so that they can think and perform actions similar to humans. 14. Accept all relevant answers.3 L General All It is also termed as Strong Al. Machines with the following characteristics will fall in this category. Machines that would perform a wider range of different tasks with the intelligence like that of humans. Itis a step ahead of Weak Al by including problem-solving, learning and development. Strong Al At present, we have not developed any such machines. Worldwide research is now focused on developing machines with strong Al. As these systems are in their research stage, it may take a lot of time and effort to develop these. ‘An example of Strong AI could be a machine hearing "good morning" and deciding to turn on the coffee maker. Artificial Super Al- Super Als are in their hypothetical stage. Super AI systems would surpass the human intelligence in performing any task will fal in the category of Super Al. Super Al will be able to understand humans and will be able to evoke their own emotions and desires as well. It can be considered as the next stage of Strong Al and developing such machines will be a challenging task. Big Data Engineer: The role of a Big Data Engineer is to create an ecosystem for the business systems to interact efficiently. Their primary task is to build and effectively administer big data of an organization. They also have to carry out the function of obtaining outcomes from big data in a robust manner. Machine Learning Engineer: Machine learning engineers are involved in building and maintaining self-running software that facilitates machine learning initiatives. They are in continuous demand by the companies and their position rarely remains vacant. They work with huge chunks of data and possess extraordinary data management traits. Robotics Scientist: A reduction in jobs will indeed take place due to the emergence of robotics in the field of Al. Conversely, jobs will also rise as robotics scientists are in incessant demands by major industries for programming their machines. The following are some of the advantages of smart homes: It's convenient to manage all the devices from a single application. Smart devices can maximise house security. Home automation systems can be connected to surveillance cameras, automated door locks, motion detectors for increased security. With smart devices there's a flexibility of adding new devices with ease. The applications give an insight to your home activities. You can keep a watch on the number of hours you watch television, the hottest hour of the day, energy consumption, control of heating and cooling, etc. Remote control of household appliances can be a convenience on a busy day. You can switch on the air conditioner before reaching home, check if the lights are switched off, control the temperature of your oven, etc.4, We use our vision to sense and identify objects around us. In the same way, AI machines use Computer Vision domain to understand their surroundings. Computer Vision (CV) is the domain of Artificial Intelligence that is used to train computers to read, process and analyse visual data in the same way as humans do. The type of data in CV is images and videos. The AI machine collects data from digital images and videos, and then process the data to identify the objects in the image/video. For example, a self-driven car scans the live objects like traffic signal, analyse the scanned image and then creates the 3D version of it. After that, the car decides whether to run or stop. Some other applications of CV in Al are facial lock in smartphones, unusual behaviour detection, object classification, home security systems, office security systems and drone-based surveillance systems. 5. Smart Cities are cities that uses technology to provide services and better citizen welfare. + Ituses Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to communicate, deliver welfare schemes, improve operational efficiency and better quality of government services. + The main goal of smart cities is to optimise the economic growth of the city and improve the quality of life for people with the use of technology and data analysis. + Lights that adapt to daylight make smart street lights. Parking sensors to intimate about available parking lots, automated garbage collection are a few examples of a smart city. *The main characteristic of smart cities is to create an inclusive and sustainable environment that is centred around people's wellbeing 6. Asmart school is a technology-based teaching-learning environment for both teachers and students. ICT is used to achieve smart schools' educational objectives, prepare child friendly curriculum, assessment and teaching-learning mechanism. Children are prepared to be part of the Information Age: + Use of digital devices like laptops, tablets instead of conventional books. No longer students have to carry big bags for those books. All the subjects can be learned, stored, sorted on a single device. + Easy access to information on the internet is available not only to students but it is a benefit for the teachers as well. They can learn beyond the books using smart boards * teaching environment becomes very interactive with the use of technology. Means of communication is better, one can connect to peers outside the classroom online. Even the teacher-student bond has improved with technology as the time gap of request and response is reduced.1. 12, Goal 14: Life Below Water Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development. Itaims to reduce water pollution, protect and restore ecosystems, sustainable fishing, conserve coastal and marine areas, reduce ocean acidification, end subsidies aiming to reduce overfishing and increase the economic benefits from sustainable use of marine resources. Goal 15: Life On Land Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, and combat desertification. It aims to conserve ecosystems, end deforestation, protect biodiversity and natural habitats, eliminating poaching and trafficking of endangered species. The development of autonomous vehicles will revolutionaries the transportation system. Waymo, after many test drives, launched their first public riding services. Waymo's Al software crunches data from vehicles lidar, camera, GPS and cloud services to produce control signals that operate the driver-less vehicle. 9. a. Healthcare for Assisting Doctors: For saving human lives the medical industry is 10. relying on Al on many fronts. Healthcare organisations are using IBM Watson for medical diagnosis. Google's DeepMind has successfully developed a system that can analyse retinal scans and spot symptoms of sight-threatening eye diseases. b. Alin Education for Automated Grading System: AI in the assessment process provides real-time learning feedback to teachers and students. Through Machine Learning and data analysis using Al, human patterns of data are studied. This helps in a quick and fair grading system without human interventions. . Alin Agriculture: The world will need to produce 50 percent more food by 2050 as we are exhausting our resources, The only way this can be possible is when we are using it more wisely. Al can help farmers to get more from the land, and use resources more sustainably. Email Spam Filters: Email categorization and spam filters are one of the powering features of Al that affect our inbox. Simple rule-based filters are used to mark spam or put email into various categories as Primary, Social, Promotion or Important. a. Manufacturing and pharmaceutical work b. Doctors ©. Soldiers Some of the sources of Al Bias are: Data: Al systems are the result of the data that is fed into them. The data used to train the Al system is the first step to check for biasness. The dataset for AI systems should berealistic and need to be of a sufficient size. However, the largest data collected from the real world may also reflect human subjectivity and underlying social biases. The Amazon Al recruitment system is a good example. It was found that their recruitment system was not selecting candidates in a gender neutral way. The machine learning algorithm was based on the number of resumes submitted over a period of 10 years, that most of them were men, so it favoured men over women. Algorithms: The algorithms in itself do not add biasness to an AI model, but it amplifies the biasness, Let's see an example of an image classifier model, Its trained on images in the public domain— pictures of people's kitchens. It so happens that most of the images are of women rather than men. Al algorithms are designed to maximise the accuracy. Therefore, an Al algorithm may decide that the people in the kitchen are women despite the fact some of the images are of men. Developers: The last source of Al bias is developers. Those who design Al models focus on achieving the desired goals. On that path at times, the biases of the developers are reflected in their models. It's important to note here that the ethics and Al bias are not the problems of the machine but the humans behind the machines