Alternating Current

Engineer Bilal
1
b) 900 V
c) 200 V
d) 400 V

V = 𝑉𝑅2 + (𝑉𝐿 − 𝑉𝐶 )2

𝑉𝐿 = 𝑉𝐶

𝑉 = 𝑉𝑅 = 200V

2
A bulb and a capacitor are connected in series to a source of alternating
current. If its frequency is increased, while keeping the voltage of the source
constant, then:
(a) Bulb will give more intense light
(b) Bulb will give less intense light
(c) Bulb will give light of same intensity as before
(d) Bulb will stop radiating light
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𝑋𝑐 =
2𝜋𝑓𝐶

1
When a bulb and a capacitor are connected in series to an ac
I∝ source, then on increasing the frequency the current in the
𝑋𝑐
circuit is increased, because the impedance of the circuit is
decreased. So the bulb will give more intense light.
3
In the adjoining figure the impedance of the circuit will be:
(a) 120 ohm
(b) 50 ohm
(c) 60 ohm
(d) 90 ohm

90 90
𝐼𝐿 = = 3A 𝐼𝐶 = = 4.5A
30 20

Net current through circuit = 𝐼𝐶 - 𝐼𝐿 = 4.5 – 3 = 1.5 A

𝑉 90
Z= = = 60 Ω
𝐼 1.5

4
The variation of the instantaneous current (I) and the instantaneous
emf (E) in a circuit is as shown in fig. Which of the following
statements is correct:
(a) The voltage lags behind the current by 𝜋 / 2
(b) The voltage leads the current by 𝜋/ 2
(c) The voltage and the current are in phase
(d) The voltage leads the current by 𝜋

At t = 0, phase of voltage is zero, while phase of

𝜋 𝜋
the current is − i.e. voltage leads by
2 2

5
The voltage across a pure inductor is represented by the following diagram.
Which one of the following diagrams will represent the current:

In purely inductive circuit voltage

leads the current by 900 so d is the
right answer.

6
When 100 volts DC is supplied across a solenoid, a current of 1.0 amperes
flows in it. When 100 volts AC is applied across the same coil, the current
drops to 0.5 ampere. If the frequency of ac source is 50 Hz, then the impedance
and inductance of the solenoid are:
(a) 200Ω and 0.55 henry (b) 100 Ω and 0.86 henry
(c) 200Ω and 1.0 henry (d) 100 Ω and 0.93 henry

7
The resistance of a coil for DC is in ohms. In AC, the resistance:
(a) Will remain same (b) Will increase
(c) Will decrease (d) Will be zero

The coil having inductance L besides the resistance R. Hence

for AC it’s effective resistance 𝑅2 + 𝑋𝐿2 will be larger than
it’s resistance R for DC.

8
The voltage of domestic ac is 220 volt. What does this represent:
(a) Mean voltage
(b) Peak voltage
(c) Root mean voltage
(d) Root mean square voltage

9
The process by which AC is converted into DC is known as:
(a) Purification (b) Amplification
(c) Rectification (d) Current amplification

10
A bulb is connected first with dc and then ac of same voltage then it
will shine brightly with:
(a) AC (b) DC
(c) Brightness will be in ratio 1/1.4 (d) Equally with both

1
Brightness ∝ 𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑑 ∝ for bulb, 𝑅𝑎𝑐 = 𝑅𝑑𝑐 so, brightness will
𝑅
be equal in both cases.

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 𝑣0
𝑣𝑟𝑚𝑠 =
2

𝑣0
= 2
𝑣𝑟𝑚𝑠

12
An ac source is rated at 220V, 50 Hz. The time taken for voltage to
change from its peak value to zero is:
a) 50 sec b) 0.02 sec c) 5 sec d) 5 × 10−3 sec

𝑇 1
Required time = t = = = 5 × 10−3 sec
4 50 × 4

13
In an ac circuit I = 100 sin 200 𝜋t. The time required for the current to
achieve its peak value will be:
1 1 1 1
a) 𝑠𝑒𝑐 b) 𝑠𝑒𝑐 c) 𝑠𝑒𝑐 d) 𝑠𝑒𝑐
100 200 300 400

14
Choke coil works on the principle of:
(a) Transient current (b) Self induction
(c) Mutual induction (d) Wattless current

Self induction

15
A choke coil has:
(a) High inductance and low resistance
(b) Low inductance and high resistance
(c) High inductance and high resistance
(d) Low inductance and low resistance

In electronics , a choke is an inductor used to block higher-frequency

alternating current (AC) in an electrical circuit, while passing lower-
frequency or direct current (DC).
A choke coil has high inductance and low resistance so, it is capable of
producing very high induced e.m.f. which produces discharge in the tube.

High inductance and low resistance

16
Choke coil is used to control:
(a) ac (b) dc
(c) Both ac and dc (d) Neither ac nor dc

The choke coil can be used only in ac circuits, not in dc circuits, because
for dc (ω=0) the inductive reactance 𝑋𝐿 = ωL of the coil is zero, only the
resistance of the coil remains effective which too is almost zero.

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The phase angle between e.m.f. and current in LCR series ac circuit is:
(a) 0 to 𝜋/ 2 (b) 𝜋 / 4 (c) 𝜋 / 2 (d) 𝜋

0 to 𝜋/ 2

18
A choke coil is preferred to a rheostat in ac circuit as:
(a) It consumes almost zero power
(b) It increases current
(c) It increases power
(d) It increases voltage

A choke coil preferred over rheostat because choke is an inductive device it

works in a way similar to A.C that changes the voltage but maintains the
same power. But in case of rheostat, it is resistive device thus it controls
electric power by dissipating the excess as heat.
So you have to pay for that excess electricity that is the reason behind why
we prefer choke over rheostat.

It consumes almost zero power

19
A capacitor is a perfect insulator for
(a) Alternating currents (b) Direct currents
(c) Both ac and dc (d) None of these

1
𝑋𝑐 =
2𝜋𝑓𝐶

1
𝑋𝑐 = = ∞ , f = 0 for DC
0

When 𝑋𝑐 = ∞ then I = 0

Direct currents

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Current in the circuit is wattless, if:
(a) Inductance in the circuit is zero
(b) Resistance in the circuit is zero
(c) Current is alternating
(d) Resistance and inductance both are zero

P = 𝐼2 𝑅
R=0

P = 𝐼2 𝑅 = 𝐼2 (0) = 0

Resistance in the circuit is zero

21
The power factor of LCR circuit at resonance is:
(a) 0.707 (b) 1
(c) Zero (d) 0.5

At resonance circuit becomes purely resistive, so power factor,

cos00 = 1

22
If an 8 Ω resistance and 6 Ω reactance are present in an ac series
circuit then the impedance of the circuit will be:
(a) 20 ohm (b) 5 ohm
(c) 10 ohm (d) 14 2 ohm

Z = 𝑅2 + 𝑋𝐿2

Z = 82 + 62 = 10 Ohm

23
The coil of choke in a circuit:
(a) Increases the current
(b) Decreases the current
(c) Does not change the current
(d) Has high resistance to dc circuit

Choke coil can be used to reduce current in an AC circuit. Because

coil of a choke decreases current.

24
In a ac circuit of capacitance the current from potential is:
(a) Forward
(b) Backward
(c) Both are in the same phase
(d) None of these

(a) Forward

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Power factor is maximum in an LCR circuit when:
a) 𝑋𝐿 = 𝑋𝐶 b) R = 0 c) 𝑋𝐿 = 0 d) 𝑋𝑐 = 0

At resonance circuit becomes purely resistive, so power factor,

cos00 = 1

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Which of the following components of a LCR circuit, with ac supply,
dissipates energy:
(a) L (b) R
(c) C (d) All of these

The only component that dissipates energy in ac circuit is the resistor.

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In an A.C. circuit the current:
(a) Always leads the voltage
(b) Always lags behind the voltage
(c) Is always in phase with the voltage
(d) May lead or lag behind or be in phase with the voltage

May lead or lag behind or be in phase with the voltage

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