DESIGN OF BUILT UP COLUMN (SINGLE LACED) USING

CHANNEL SECTIONS

The built up column is designed consisting of Rolled Channel Sections Toe to Toe
configuration. This configuration is efficient & economical in comparison of Back to Back
channels as the inertia increases with increasing distance between centroidal axes, hence
such design gives reduced sizes of lacings and tie plates; and as the plan area of the column
will reduce, we'll get reduced size of base plate

Data

Axial load acting on column (V) = 1100 kN

Height of column L = 9m
Steel grade = 250
Yield strength Fy = 250 N/mm2
Ultimate tensile strength Fu = 410 N/mm2

Section Properties

ISMC 300

Weight w= 35.8 kg/m

Area A= 45.64 cm2
Depth of section h= 300 mm
Width of flange bf = 90 mm
Flange thickness tf = 13.6 mm
Web thickness tw = 7.6 mm
Centre of gravity Cyy = 2.36 cm
Moment of Inertia Ixx = 6362.6 cm4
Moment of Inertia Iyy = 310.8 cm4
radius of gyration rxx = 11.81 cm
radius of gyration ryy = 2.61 cm
Connection gauge g= 50 mm

Preliminary safety of section

K= 1 (end conditions pinned)
KL/rxx = 76.21 (rxx considered minimum and spacing S computed accor

Lb/rb = KL/r of built up column = 1.05 (KL/rxx) = 80.02 (Cl. 7.6.1.5, IS 800)

Using table 9(c) of steel table, fcd = 136 N/mm2 (Pg 42, IS 800)

Load carrying capacity = A x fcd = 1241.41 kN >

(2 X area of each channel) SAFE

Toe to Toe distance/Spacing (S)

Built up sections will be economical when the radius of gyration of the z-z axis is increased
in such a way that it is more or less equal to radius of gyration about x-x axis. This is
achieved by equating Izz of the built up section with Ixx of the built up section. TOE-2-TOE
PLACING IS ALWAYS BETTER THAN BACK-2-BACK!.

Izz = 2 Ixx = 2 ( Iyy + A (S/2 + bf - Cyy) 2 )

Working out the equation, S = 97.50 mm

provide 100 mm

Lacing System

Angle of connection = θ= 45°

0.785 rad

Spacing of lacing bars = L0 = 2 (S + 2(bf - g))/tanθ

360 mm

Maximum Spacing of lacing bars should be such that slenderness ratio of main
member between consecutive connections is not greater than minimum of 50
or 0.7 times slenderness ratio of member as a whole (Cl. 7.6.5, IS 800)

L0/ryy = 13.79 < 50

SAFE 0.7 L/r = 56.01

Maximum Shear = Vt = 2.5 % V = 27.5 kN (Cl. 7.6.6.1, IS 800)

 Transverse shear in each panel = Fx = Vt/N = 13.75 kN
(Here N is number of parallel lacing panels = 2 in this case)
Compressive force in each lacing bar = 19.445 kN
(Each lacing is to be checked for compressive force = Fx/sinθ)

Diameter of connection bolts = 16 mm

Minimum width of lacing flat (b) = 48 mm (3* bolt dia, Cl. 7.6.2, IS 800)
provide 50 mm

Minimum thickness of flat (t) = 6.36 mm 1/40 * (S + 2(bf - g))/sinθ

provide 8 mm (1/40 of effective length of lacing)

Radius of gyration of lacing flat = 2.31 mm t/√12

Leff of lacing flat = 254.56 mm (S + 2(bf - g))/sinθ
provide 255 mm

L/r of lacing flat = 110.42 < 145 (Cl. 7.6.6.3, IS 800)

SAFE

Using Table 9(c), fcd = 94.35 N/mm2

Capacity of lacing flat = b*t*fcd = 37.74 kN > 19.45 kN
SAFE

No. of lacing bars per panel = 25

Total lacing bars = 50

Check for effective slenderness ratio ( leq) of built up column

leq = l2 + ∏2 (A/Ad) Ld3 < Lb/rb

pd 2

l= KL/r of single channel =

A= 2 * area of each channel =
Ad = X-section area of lacing flat = b*t =
Ld = Length of diagonal lacing = Leff =
p= Length of chord b/w successive joints = L0/2 =
d= Dist. b/w centroid of channels = S + 2 * (bf - Cyy) =

leq = 78.67 < 80.02

SAFE
Tie Plates (at ends of lacing system)

Length of Tie plate = S + 2 bf = 280.00 mm

Effective depth (x) = S + 2*(bf-Cyy) > 2 bf

232.80 mm > 180.00 mm
OK

Overall depth = x + 2*edge distance of bolts

294.00 mm
provide 300 mm Cl. 7.6.8--->7.7.2.3, IS 800)

Required Thickness = 1/50 * (S + 2 (bf-g) )

3.6 mm
provide 5 mm

Base Plate Design

Assume grade of concrete = M 20

Bearing Strength = 9.00 N/mm2 (0.45 Fck)

Axial load acting on column = 1100 kN

Self weight of column = 6.84 kN

Total = 1106.84 kN

Base plate area required = 122982.71 mm2

Projection
Provide length (L) = 350 mm 35
Provide Width (B) = 400 mm 50

Area provided = 140000 mm2 OK

Thickness of Base Plate

w= 7.91 N/mm2
a= 50 mm
b= 35 mm
gm0 = 1.1
Fy = 250 N/mm2
 tf =
ts = 13.62 > 13.6 mm
provide 14 mm

Provide 4-nos. 20mm diameter and 300mm long anchor bolts to connect base plate to foundation concrete
and spacing S computed accordingly to make Izz=Ixx)

(Cl. 7.6.1.5, IS 800)

(Pg 42, IS 800)

1100 kN (check of in-plane buckling)

(*out of plane buckling will always be safe as it will be about the stronger axis)
l. 7.6.2, IS 800)

(Cl. 7.6.3, IS 800)

tive length of lacing)

(Cl. 7.6.6.3, IS 800)

76.21
9128 mm2
400 mm2
254.56 mm
180 mm
232.8 mm
7.2.3, IS 800)

300

mm
mm
280

L
ate to foundation concrete
ronger axis)
B
 DESIGN OF BUILT UP COLUMN (BATTENED) USING CHANNEL
SECTIONS

The built up column is designed consisting of Rolled Channel Sections Toe to Toe configuration.
This configuration is economical in comparison of Back to Back channels as the design gives
reduced sizes of lacings and tie plates; and as the plan area of the column will reduce, we'll get
reduced size of base plate

Data

Axial load acting on column (V) = 1100 kN

Height of column L = 9m
Steel grade = 250
Yield strength Fy = 250 N/mm2
Ultimate tensile strength Fu = 410 N/mm2

Section Properties

ISMC 300

Weight w= 35.8 kg/m

Area A= 45.64 cm2
Depth of section h= 300 mm
Width of flange bf = 90 mm
Flange thickness tf = 13.6 mm
Web thickness tw = 7.6 mm
Centre of gravity Cyy = 2.36 cm
Moment of Inertia Ixx = 6362.6 cm4
Moment of Inertia Iyy = 310.8 cm4
radius of gyration rxx = 11.81 cm
radius of gyration ryy = 2.61 cm
Connection gauge g= 50 mm

Preliminary safety of section

 K= 1 (end conditions pinned)
KL/ryy = 76.21 (rxx considered minimum and spacing S computed accordingly to make Izz=Ixx)

Lb/rb = KL/r of built up column = 1.1 (KL/ryy) = 83.83

Using table 9(c) of steel table, fcd = 130.255 N/mm2

Load carrying capacity = A x fcd = 1188.97 kN

(2 X area of each channel)

Toe to Toe distance/Spacing (S)

Built up sections will be economical when the radius of gyration of the z-z axis is increased in
such a way that it is more or less equal to radius of gyration about x-x axis. This is achieved by
equating Izz of the built up section with Ixx of the built up section.

Izz = 2 Ixx = 2 ( Iyy + A (S/2 + bf - Cyy) 2 )

Working out the equation, S = 97.50 mm

provide 100 mm

Batten System

Spacing

Maximum Spacing of battens should be such that slenderness ratio of main member
between consecutive connections is not greater than minimum of 50 or 0.7 times
slenderness ratio of member as a whole (Cl. 7.7.3, IS 800)

L0/ryy < 50
0.7 L/r = 58.68

L0 < 1305 mm
provide L0 = 1250.00 mm

Size (Cl. 7.7.2.3)

1) End Battens
Provide bolt size = 20 mm
 Edge distance = 34 mm
Effective depth = 232.8 mm OK S + 2*(bf-Cyy) > 2 bf
Overall depth (D) = 300.8 mm
provide 300.00 mm

Minimum Thickness (t) = 2.60 mm 0.65*1/50 * (S + 2 (bf-g) )

provide 4.00 mm

Length of batten = 280.00 mm S + 2*bf

No. of battens = 2

2) Intermediate Battens
Effective depth = 180 mm OK 3/4*(S + 2*(bf-Cyy)) > 2 bf
Overall depth (D) = 248 mm
provide 250.00 mm

Minimum Thickness (t) = 2.60 mm 0.65*1/50 * (S + 2 (bf-g) )

provide 4.00 mm

Length of batten = 280.00 mm S + 2*bf

No. of battens = 6

3) Number of Bays

No. of bays = 7 > 3

SAFE

Design Forces & Check of Sections (Cl. 7.7.2.1)

Transverse Shear = Vt = 2.5 % V = 27.5 kN (Cl. 7.6.6.1, IS 800)

Longitudinal shear (Vb) = Vt*L0/N*C= 85.94 kN

(Here N is number of parallel batten panels = 2 in this case)
(C is c/c distance between bolt connections in transverse direction)

Moment M = Vt*L0/2N = 8.6E+06 Nmm

1) End Battens

Shear Stress = 71.61 < 131.22 N/mm2

(Vb/ D t) SAFE (Fy/√3 gm0)
 Bending Stress = 143.23 < 227.27 N/mm2
(6 M/t D2) SAFE (Fy/ gm0)

2) Intermediate Battens

Shear Stress = 85.94 < 131.22 N/mm2

(Vb/ D t) SAFE (Fy/√3 gm0)

Bending Stress = 206.25 < 227.27 N/mm2

(6 M/t D2) SAFE (Fy/ gm0)

Check for effective slenderness ratio (leq) of built up column

leq = l2m + l2c(∏2/12) < Lb/rb

lm = KL/r of single channel (chord)

lc = KL0/ryy = chord slenderness between successive batten plates

leq = 81.27 < 83.83

SAFE

Base Plate Design

Assume grade of concrete = M 20

Bearing Strength = 9.00 N/mm2 (0.45 Fck)

Axial load acting on column = 1100 kN

Self weight of column = 6.81 kN

Total = 1106.81 kN

Base plate area required = 122979.25 mm2

Provide length (L) = 350 mm

Provide Width (B) = 400 mm

Area provided = 140000 mm2 OK

Thickness of Base Plate

w= 7.91 N/mm2
a= 50 mm
b= 35 mm
gm0 = 1.1
Fy = 250 N/mm2

tf =
ts = 13.62 > 13.6 mm
provide 14 mm

Provide 4-nos. 20mm diameter and 300mm long anchor bolts to connect base plate to foundation concrete
G CHANNEL

Toe configuration.
he design gives
l reduce, we'll get
d accordingly to make Izz=Ixx)

(Cl. 7.7.1.4, IS 800)

(Pg 42, IS 800)

> 1100 kN (check of in-plane buckling)

SAFE (*out of plane buckling will always be safe as it will be about the stronger axis)

xis is increased in
his is achieved by
bf-Cyy) > 2 bf

50 * (S + 2 (bf-g) )

+ 2*(bf-Cyy)) > 2 bf

50 * (S + 2 (bf-g) )

nsverse direction)
p column

= 76.21
= 31.13 (K=0.65, both ends fixed)

Projection
35 mm
50 mm
280

L
e plate to foundation concrete
about the stronger axis)
300 B