Internet of Things

LECTURE 7

Getting Started with AWS IoT

Objectives
Describe the benefits of AWS IoT.
Identify the four main AWS IoT use cases.
Identify the basic hardware and software elements of an IoT solution.
Identify the AWS IoT service types.
Identify how value can be derived from an IoT implementation based on a provided scenario
Outline
AWS IoT Scenario
Introduction to AWS IoT
AWS IoT Key Concepts
AWS IoT Services
AWS IoT Core
Scenario Summary
AWS IoT Scenario
A car manufacturer uses assembly lines and machinery to make and assemble various parts.
They want to be able to anticipate the maintenance needs of their industrial machinery.
Assembly line and machine failure result in large amounts of lost time and money for the
manufacturer. In addition, repairs can be costly. The manufacturer needs to detect when
machines require service so that they can repair the machines before they break down.
AWS IoT Scenario Cont.
This proactive identification and resolution of potential problems is referred to as predictive
maintenance

After the vehicles are purchased by consumers, the car manufacturer needs the ability todeploy
software to support some of the car’s features. For example, a software update could be to fix
bugs or release new features for the car's infotainment screen interface.
Benefits of AWS IoT
AWS IoT use cases (INDUSTRIAL)
An industrial AWS IoT use case includes factories or industrial facilities that might use IoT
devices.
Some examples include sensors that obtain important data and actuators that act on that data.
Predictive maintenance is an important driver of many industrial IoT (IIoT) solutions.
AWS IoT use cases (CONSUMER)
A consumer AWS IoT use case includes things like smart home devices.
An example could be a thermostat with a mobile companion application.
With your mobile device, you can adjust the temperature or turn the unit on or off.
Another example could be a smart cleaning device that you can control through a companion
app on your mobile device.
AWS IoT use cases (COMMERCIAL)
A commercial AWS IoT use case includes building automation or smart buildings.
An example could be an office lighting system with presence detection and temperature
controls.
When it senses the last person has left the building for the day, it can adjust the lighting and
temperature accordingly.
AWS IoT use cases (AUTOMOTIVE)
An automotive AWS IoT use case can include a range of automobile-related functions.
Examples of automotive use cases include providing real-time vehicle location data
(telematics), OTA updates for in-car systems, and in-vehicle safety systems offering roadside
assistance.
A car manufacturer Use Cases
Use Case Use Case Type
The manufacturing of the car in the plant Industrial
The deployment and management of vehicle software and
Automotive
infotainment screen updates
A consumer might be able check the car’s status (locks, gas,
and so forth) with their mobile app after the car has been Consumer
purchased
A car rental company might need to manage and monitor
software deployments and infotainment screen updates for Commercial
thousands of cars
AWS IoT Key Concepts
Embedded devises
◦ Sensors are devices that detect and respond to changes in an
environment. They can also send and collect valuable data. Examples
include light sensors, pressure sensors, and motion sensors
◦ Actuators are devices that are used to manipulate an environment. They
turn input into a tangible action. Common devices with actuators include
light bulbs, fans, or a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC)
system.
◦ Development devices, sometimes known as maker devices, are small
form-factor, single-board computers. They are designed to give
programmers full access to design their own functionality. Some
examples of maker devices include AWS IoT EduKits, Arduinos, and
Raspberry Pis
Embedded devises Cont.
Embedded devices are used extensively in manufacturing.
In our car manufacturer scenario:
Assembly line sensors can detect if the temperature gets too hot.
An actuator would turn the cooling system on.
Mobile devises
With smart mobile devices, you can download IoT companion applications.
For example, with a companion application for your smart cleaning device, you can have it
vacuum your living room while you’re away from home.
Many new cars today come with an IoT companion application for mobile devices. With an
application on your mobile device, you can remotely start your car. You can also remotely lock or
unlock your car doors and see how much gas is in your tank.
Devise Gateway
The device gateway serves as the entry point for IoT devices to the cloud.
It manages connections and gives IoT devices access to the internet.
It can process sensor data at the edge and only send necessary data to the cloud.
An example of a device gateway is an internet router.
In our car manufacturing plant scenario, a device gateway would be used to connect the
sensors and all the data they gather to the cloud. When this connection is made, the data
can be uploaded to the cloud and processed by other services like machine learning and
analytics.
AWS Terms (Device, Thing, and Thing
group)
Device
The device is the physical entity—in this example, a smart light bulb
Thing
A thing is the virtual representation of the physical device in the cloud.
Thing group
Things can be organized into thing groups. In this example, a company might organize their
smart light bulbs by geographic location or age of the device
AWS IoT Services
AWS IoT Services Types
Analytics
AWS IoT SiteWise () .

◦ Simplifies collecting, organizing, and analyzing industrial equipment data.

AWS IoT Events

◦ that you can use to detect and respond to events from IoT sensors and applications.
◦ Events are patterns of data identifying more complicated circumstances than expected.
◦ Examples include changes in equipment when a belt is stuck, or motion detectors using movement
signals to activate lights and security cameras.
Analytics Cont.
AWS IoT Analytics
◦ You can use to run and operationalize analytics on large volumes of IoT data.

AWS IoT TwinMaker

◦ You can create digital twins of real-world systems such as buildings, factories, industrial equipment,
and production lines.
Control services
AWS IoT Core
◦ It lets you connect billions of IoT devices and route trillions of messages to AWS services without managing
infrastructure.
AWS IoT Device Defender
◦ Helps you secure your fleet of IoT devices.
◦ It continuously audits your IoT configurations to make sure that they aren’t deviating from security best
practices.
AWS IoT Device management
◦ You can securely register, organize, monitor, and remotely manage IoT devices at scale.
AWS IoT Things Graph
◦ You can use to visually connect different devices and web services to build IoT applications.
Device software
AWS IoT Greengrass
◦ an open-source edge runtime and cloud service for building, deploying, and managing device software.

AWS IoT Device Tester

◦ A test automation tool for connected devices.
◦ You can use it to determine if your devices running FreeRTOS or AWS IoT Greengrass
◦ There are two versions of AWS IoT Device Tester: AWS IoT Device Tester for FreeRTOS and AWS IoT
Device Tester for AWS IoT Greengrass.
Device software Cont.
FreeRTOS
◦ FreeRTOS is an open-source, real-time operating system for microcontrollers.
◦ Using FreeRTOS, you can program, deploy, secure, connect, and manage small, low-power edge
devices.

AWS IoT Device SDKs

◦ Include open-source libraries, developer guides, and porting guides. You can use them to build IoT
products or solutions on your choice of hardware platforms.
AWS IoT Core
AWS IoT Core
AWS IoT Core provides the capability to connect your IoT devices to the AWS Cloud.
When this connection is made to the cloud with AWS IoT Core, other cloud services and
applications can interact with your internet-connected devices.
AWS IoT Core can support many devices and messages.
It can also process and route those messages to AWS IoT services and other devices.
A car manufacturer scenario
Imagine you're a consumer who has just purchased a car with an IoT companion mobile app.
Sometimes the car loses connectivity to the internet from being in a poor internet coverage zone.
The car regularly checks and updates the Device Shadow service to report the state of the door locks.
It checks to see if the door locks should be locked or unlocked. When you try to unlock the doors with
the companion app, the app is updating the Device Shadow to indicate the doors should be unlocked.
If the car loses connectivity, it won't be able to see this change and the doors remain locked. When
the car regains connectivity, it can see that the Device Shadow has changed and the doors are
unlocked. Based on that change, the car doors will also unlock and report that state to the Device
Shadow service.
Scenario Summary
Problem statement
The car manufacturer uses assembly lines and machinery to make and assemble various parts.
They want to be able to anticipate the maintenance needs of their industrial machinery so that
they can repair machines before they fail.

After the vehicles are purchased by consumers, the car manufacturer also needs the ability to
deploy software updates to support some of the car’s features.
Challenges
What kind of devices might the car manufacturer use in the plant as part of their AWS IoT
solution?
What are some AWS IoT features that support the ability to identify problems and fix them
before they occur?
What are AWS IoT features that support the ability to deploy vehicle software updates and make
ongoing infotainment screen interface updates?
Are there services or functionality that can be added to increase revenue or customer
satisfaction?
 DEVICES
The car manufacturer's solution can include sensors, actuators, and device gateways. Let's review how each might
be used:

Sensors can detect if a machine is operating unusually and is in need of maintenance. For example, some sensors
might detect vibrations that fall outside of a normal preestablished range. Other sensors might detect if the
temperature is getting too hot on the factory floor.
Based on sensor readings and established parameters for acceptable machine operation, actuators stop the
assembly lines proactively before they break. Maintenance needs can be addressed manually or using
automation. Different actuators can automatically turn on the HVAC system if the temperature sensors indicate
overheating.
Device gateways collect and gather data from the vibration and temperature sensors, analyze it, and send
necessary data to the cloud.
PREDICTIVE MAINTENANCE
The car manufacturer's solution requires the implementation of predictive maintenance. The
following features of AWS IoT support the ability to identify and fix problems before they occur.

Bidirectional communication between connected devices, such as sensors and actuators, and
the AWS Cloud
The ability to collect data from multiple devices to store and analyze that data and improve
predictive maintenance models in the cloud over time
OTA UPDATES
AWS IoT can help the car manufacturer in their deployment of software and infotainment screen
interface updates.

With AWS IoT, they can provision millions of cars with the necessary software during manufacturing
and then activate the software when purchased using OTA updates.
The manufacturer can then continue to perform vehicle software and infotainment screen interface
updates for their vehicle fleets with OTA updates. They don't need to be in physical proximity of the
cars to make the necessary updates.
In addition, they can create thing groups to organize cars based on criteria, such as location, and
deploy updates accordingly.
SUBSCRIPTION SERVICES
The car manufacturer might choose to implement a mobile app that comes with the vehicle. This app
can include features such as remote lock and unlock, remote start, and temperature controls. It can
also report important readings such as gas levels and tire pressure. The manufacturer can sell access to
this app as a subscription service to create an additional revenue stream for the company. This feature
is also a potential value-add item for consumers.

AWS IoT provides the services, such as AWS IoT Core, and features, such as OTA updates, so that you
can build an architecture that supports this functionality.
The End