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    Languange and Context

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    restiiii
    This document discusses language and context, specifically style switching versus dialect switching. It provides examples of Scots dialect speakers who must switch from their vernacular dialect to standard English in formal school settings, representing a greater difference than simple style switching. Dialect switching requires learning new words, pronunciations, and replacements, posing educational challenges. Some communities, like parts of Scotland, experience dialect switching on a larger, institutionalized scale compared to simple style variation between contexts. The concept of diglossia is also introduced, where two distinct language varieties co-exist and are specialized for different contexts and domains.

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    Languange and Context

    Uploaded by

    restiiii
    19 views18 pages
    This document discusses language and context, specifically style switching versus dialect switching. It provides examples of Scots dialect speakers who must switch from their vernacular dialect to standard English in formal school settings, representing a greater difference than simple style switching. Dialect switching requires learning new words, pronunciations, and replacements, posing educational challenges. Some communities, like parts of Scotland, experience dialect switching on a larger, institutionalized scale compared to simple style variation between contexts. The concept of diglossia is also introduced, where two distinct language varieties co-exist and are specialized for different contexts and domains.

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    sociolinguistic language and context

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    This document discusses language and context, specifically style switching versus dialect switching. It provides examples of Scots dialect speakers who must switch from their vernacular dialect to standard English in formal school settings, representing a greater difference than simple style switching. Dialect switching requires learning new words, pronunciations, and replacements, posing educational challenges. Some communities, like parts of Scotland, experience dialect switching on a larger, institutionalized scale compared to simple style variation between contexts. The concept of diglossia is also introduced, where two distinct language varieties co-exist and are specialized for different contexts and domains.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    19 views18 pages

    Languange and Context

    Uploaded by

    restiiii
    This document discusses language and context, specifically style switching versus dialect switching. It provides examples of Scots dialect speakers who must switch from their vernacular dialect to standard English in formal school settings, representing a greater difference than simple style switching. Dialect switching requires learning new words, pronunciations, and replacements, posing educational challenges. Some communities, like parts of Scotland, experience dialect switching on a larger, institutionalized scale compared to simple style variation between contexts. The concept of diglossia is also introduced, where two distinct language varieties co-exist and are specialized for different contexts and domains.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 18

    Language and Context

    Page 111-114

    Group 5
    - Dentih Susanti
    (1513042069)
    - Herdianti
    (1513042079)
    - Nadiya Hasna
    (1513042081)
    - Resty Rahmawanti
    (1413042071)
    Language and
    Context
    • In most if not all linguistic communities,
    differences in social context( broadly defined
    to include the hearer, the subject matter and
    the medium as well as the situation, lead to
    the use of different styles. These styles can be
    characterized through differences in
    vocabulary, including address forms and
    pronouns, and in grammar and
    pronouncation.
    • speakers either move along a scale of formality
    of style, according to situation, or switch from
    one separate style of a dialect to another the
    situational varieties or styles are clearly sub-
    varieties of one regional and or social dialect..
    In these cases, one dialect will occur in formal
    situations, and another in informal situations.
    For Example
    • Native speaker from Lowland Scots dialect will
    occur in formal situation, to Standard English
    (spoken with a Scots accent, of course)
    • It is legitimate to regard this situation as
    rather different from that an English speaker
    from England who simply switches styles.
    1. The difference between the linguistic varieties involved in
    the switching is much greater
    2. As in the case of levels in Javanese, co-occurance
    restriction are involved: it is not usual to use Lowland
    Scots forms when speaking standard English, or vice versa
    3. Whereas other English speakers switch from one variety
    of their vernacular to another, Scots dialect speakers
    switch from their own vernacular to that of others―a
    linguistic variety that they normally learn only at school.
    • There are clear parallels here with the
    educational problems faced by lower-class,
    black children in America. In both cases,
    dialect-switching rather than style-switching is
    required of children in school.
    The vernaculars of some working-class
    children from, say, the south of England may
    not comprise so many styles as those of
    middle-class children.
    It is certain that the children of some working-
    class Londoners face a language problem
    when they go to school, but their problem
    cannot be of the same order as that
    confronting lower-class Blacks or Scots dialect
    speakers.
    The jump from, for example, Scots
    dialect:

    [av kent jun man ect jirz]


    I’ve kenned yon man eight years

    To standard Scots English:

    [av nun dat man et jirz]


    I’ve known that man eight years
    For the example, it is quite considerable and
    requires:

    a) The learning of new words, in this case


    know
    b) The learning of new pronunciations, such as
    [et]
    c) The replacement of one known word by
    another: yon becomes that
    STYLE SWITCHING

    Londoner and Scots Take on a rather different


    form on dilect-switching. For example, in some
    communities switching is carried out much
    larger and institutionalized scale.
    DIGLOSSIA

    Particular kind of language standardization


    where two distinct of varieties of language exist
    side by side
    Two languages varieties in diglossic situation ae
    considered by speakers to be discrete
    High variety and low variety also standardized
    but may be subject to geographical
    differentation
    • The two varieties have overt recognition in the
    community, and have commonly known and
    used labels.
    • Examples of language communities which are
    diglossic, together with the names used, are
    the following :
    High Low
    Swiss German : Hochdeutsch Schweizerdeutsch
    Arabic : classical colloquial
    Greek : Katharevousa Dhimotiki
    Tamil : literary colloquial
    • The most important feature of the diglossic
    situation is probably the specialization of
    function of two varieties.
    • This varieties from community to community,
    but typically the high variety is used in
    sermons, formal letters, political speeches,
    university lectures, news broadcasts,
    newspaper edotorials, and ‘high’ poetry.
    • The low variety, on the other hand, is used in
    conservation with family and friends, radio
    serials, political and academic discussions,
    political cartoons, and ‘fok’ literature.
    New Vocabularies

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