Past Tenses. Adjectives/adverbs

Past Tenses.
Adjectives/adverbs
Past Perfect Simple Past Perfect Continuous
I had worked – buvau I had been working –
dirbęs buvau dirbęs (I’d been
I had – I’d working)
Had + VIII (-ed, 3 st.) I had NOT (hadn’t)
been working?
I had NOT worked – (Where) Had he been
hadn’t working?
? (Where) Had he
worked?
Past Perfect Simple Past Perfect Continuous
Seniausiai įvykęs Seniausiai įvykęs
veiksmas: veiksmas:
Rodo, kad tas veiksmas Rodo, kad tas veiksmas
įvyko anksčiausiai – įvyko anksčiausiai – dar
dar prieš visus kitus prieš visus kitus
minimus veiksmus, minimus veiksmus, e. g.
e. g. He had learnt He had been reading (1)
(1) at school nothing, for 2 hours when I came
so he was (2) now (2).
illiterate. PROCESAS
REZULTATAS
Past Simple Past Continuous
1) Taisyklingi –ed: I, he, she, it was working
(worked...) we, you, they were working
a) Live – lived a) Live – living
b) Study – studied b) Run – running
(y+prieb.) (travelling)
c) Play – played (y+balsė) c) Study - studying
d) Stop – stopped -I was NOT working.
(travelled) was not – wasn’t
2) Netaisyklingi: go-went...
were not – weren’t
I did not work – didn’t work ? Were you working? ~ Yes,
I did not go (VI) I was/No, I wasn’t
(Where) Did you go? (VI) ? Where was I working?
~ Yes, I did/No, I didn’t
Past Simple Past Continuous
1) Įprastiems veiksmams, 1) Gali reikšti palaipsnį
įpročiams praeityje žymėti, e. vystymąsi, e. g. The wind was
g. She liked reading books. rising.
2) Kai duodamas konkretus 2) Dažnai vartojamas kartu su
laikas (1985) arba kai jo past simple, e. g. I was
klausiama. having a shower when the
3) Tačiau su šiuo laiku konkretus doorbell rang. Maudžiaussi
laikas nebūtinas. duše – vyko procesas, o
4) Kai pateikiamos konkrečios skambučio skambėjimas –
veiksmo aplinkybės. pertrauktas procesas.
5)Istorijoms pasakoti; kai veiksmai 3) Apibūdinti situaciją tuo metu,
vyko vienas po kito. e. g. The sun was shining and
the birds were singing when I
6) I said – aš pasakiau was walking in the forest.
REZULTATAS • 4) He was dancing and (was)
singing – nebūtina kartoti
I was saying then
PROCESAS
Present Perfect Simple Present Perfect Continuous
I, you, we, they I have been working – (I’ve

have worked been working)
He, she, it HAS worked I have NOT (haven’t) been
working?
I have – I’ve, he has – he’s (Where) Have you been
Have/has + VIII (-ed, 3 st.) working?
I have NOT worked
Have not – haven’t; has not
– hasn’t
? (Where) Has he worked?
Present Perfect Simple Present Perfect Continuous
Susieja praeitį ir dabartį: Susieja praeitį ir dabartį:
1) Veiksmas įvyko nesenai arba 1) Veiksmas įvyko nesenai arba
dar nesibaigė. dar nesibaigė.
2) Paliko rezultatus dabarčiai.
2) Naudojamas su žodžiais for,
3) Kalba apie gyvenimo patirtį. since....
4) Kai yra tikimybė, kad veiksmas
ateityje pasikartos.
5) Su: just, yet; ever, never,
always, often, e. g. I have
never been to London
(nebuvau, bet dar galiu būti),
for (30) months, since, still,
lately, recently (paskutiniu
metu), so far (iki šiol), this
week
NEGALIMA NAUDOTI, KAI
ŽINOMAS AR NUMANOMAS
TIKSLUS LAIKAS!– tada Past PROCESAS
SImple (nebent this morning...)
Have gone to – išėjęs, bet dar negrįžęs
Have been to – yra buvęs (grįžęs)
Have been in – gyvena
Jokiame Continuous laike nevartojame

veiksmažodžių, reiškiančių protą, jausmus,
emocijas, būsenas...
Past Perfect Simple Past Simple Present Perfect Simple
(I had run - rezultatas) (I ran – rezultatas) (I have run – rezultatas)
Past Perfect Cont. Past Cont. Present Perfect Cont.

(I had been running ) (I was running ) I have been running )
Praeitis Dabartis
I used to go - eidavau
Būtasis dažninis laikas
• I go....
• I used to go – aš eidavau
• I would go – aš eidavau...
BUT
Used to – actions and states
Would – only actions
I didn‘t use to go; Did you use to go?

... USE ...
• I used to go – aš eidavau
• I am used to going – aš įpratęs eiti
• I got used to walking on foot – aš įpratau
Adjectives
I. Opinion II. Fact

(nuomonės (big, red)
nice, great)
Jei naudojame kelis būdvardžius su daiktav.,

pirmiausia eina nuomonės būdv. (tik 1), o
po to – faktai (gali būti keli). A beautiful silk
scarf.
Faktinių būdv. eilės tvarka:
1. Size (dydis): small, big
2. Age: young
2. Weight (svoris): heavy, light
3. Shape (forma): triangular, rectangular
4. Colour: dark blue, yellow
5. Origin: Italian
5. Material: cotton, woollen
A nice, new, light, oval, blue, Chinese rubber

ball.
• A gold ring (real)
• Golden hair (not real)
Adverbs
• Nice – nicely (gražiai)
• Spelling exceptions:
• Possible – possibly
• Easy – easily
• Legal – legally
• Magic – magically (but public – publicly)
Exceptions...
• Good – well (geras – gerai)
• Fast – fast (greitas – greitai)...
• Hard – hard (sunkus – sunkiai)
• Early – early (ankstyvas – anskti)
• Late – late (vėlyvas – vėlai)
The order of adjectives
Dažnumo prieveiksmiai always, usually,
often, sometimes, rarely, seldom - retai,
hardly ever, never, etc. sakinyje eina
prieš pagrindinį veiksmaž.:
I rarely go to the cinema.
BUT
po tokių veiksmaž. kaip to be, must, do,
can, etc...
I am never late to school.
• Adjectives of manner– almost everywhere...
Water quickly filled the room. He looked at her
angrily. He broke his leg badly.
• Adverbs of degree (absolutely, completely,
totally, extremely, very, quite, rather) – before
adjective/adverb/main verb, but after auxiliary
The flood totally ruined my garden. They are
completely lost.
...
• Adverbs of time (soon, now, now and then,
just) – before the main verb, but after
auxiliary.
She soon realised she was lost. They have
just launched the spacecraft.
• We can put and adverb at the beginning of
the sentence, if we want to emphasize it.
Suddenly, the lights went out.
...
• If there are more than 2 adverbs, then:
manner – place – time
They waited patiently at the hospital for two
hours.
• If there is a verb of movement (go, come,
leave), the adverbs usually go:
place – manner – time
He left for the hospital hurriedly this morning.
Adverbs of degree
very (+++) rather (++) a little (+)
with adj., adv. or just, awfully, quite, rather a little, a bit
verbs absolutely, It‘s quite a nice I feel a bit chilly.
totally, really, day today.
terribly, simply
That was terribly
loud thunder
with adj. or very, extremely pretty, fairly slightly
adverbs Space travel must It was a pretty The car is slightly
be extremely dangerous used.
exciting. mission.
with verbs or the very much, o lot rather not much
comparative I very much hope We were rather It is not much
degree to meet an pleased. hotter today.
astronaut one
day.

Past Tenses. Adjectives/adverbs

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Past Tenses. Adjectives/adverbs

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Past Tenses.

I, you, we, they I have been working – (I’ve

Jokiame Continuous laike nevartojame

Past Perfect Cont. Past Cont. Present Perfect Cont.

I didn‘t use to go; Did you use to go?

I. Opinion II. Fact

Jei naudojame kelis būdvardžius su daiktav.,

A nice, new, light, oval, blue, Chinese rubber

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