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    The Metric System

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    Serkan Sancak
    The document discusses the metric system and dimensional analysis. It defines the metric system as a decimal system of units for measurement including the SI base units of the meter, kilogram, second, etc. It discusses common prefixes, conversion factors, dimensional analysis problem-solving steps, measuring mass and volume, temperature conversions, and density.

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    The Metric System

    Uploaded by

    Serkan Sancak
    20 views24 pages
    The document discusses the metric system and dimensional analysis. It defines the metric system as a decimal system of units for measurement including the SI base units of the meter, kilogram, second, etc. It discusses common prefixes, conversion factors, dimensional analysis problem-solving steps, measuring mass and volume, temperature conversions, and density.

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    The document discusses the metric system and dimensional analysis. It defines the metric system as a decimal system of units for measurement including the SI base units of the meter, kilogram, second, etc. It discusses common prefixes, conversion factors, dimensional analysis problem-solving steps, measuring mass and volume, temperature conversions, and density.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    20 views24 pages

    The Metric System

    Uploaded by

    Serkan Sancak
    The document discusses the metric system and dimensional analysis. It defines the metric system as a decimal system of units for measurement including the SI base units of the meter, kilogram, second, etc. It discusses common prefixes, conversion factors, dimensional analysis problem-solving steps, measuring mass and volume, temperature conversions, and density.

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    The Metric System

     A decimal system of units for


    measurements of length, mass, time,
    etc.
     System International (SI) units – a
    superset of seven units from which all
    others can be derived.
    SI Units
    Quantity Name of Unit Abbreviation
    Length meter m
    Mass kilogram kg
    Temperature kelvin K
    Time second s
    Amount of Substance mole mol
    Electric current ampere A
    Luminous intensity candela cd
    Common Prefixes
    Prefix Symbol Numerical Value

    Mega M 1,000,000 = 1 x 106

    kilo k 1,000 = 1 x 103

    centi c 0.01 = 1 x 10-2

    milli m 0.001 = 1 x 10-3

    micro m 0.000001 = 1 x 10-6


    Conversion Factor

     A relationship between two quantities.


     Important – both quantities should
    include units.
     Can be:
    – metric-to-metric.
    – English-to-English.
    – English-to-metric.
    Conversion Factor

     1 foot = 12 inches

     100 cm = 1 m

     1 inch = 2.54 cm
    Dimensional Analysis
     Uses units with the numerical values.
     All units should cancel except those that
    are desired for the answer.
     My method is sometimes referred to as
    the “fence-post” method.
     Remember – answers should be
    rounded to the proper number of
    significant figures!
    Dimensional Analysis

     Ex) 45 inches = ? centimeters


    Dimensional Analysis

     0.054 meters = ? centimeters

     Why are these set-ups wrong?


    1  1m  0.054 m  1 m 
       
    0.054 m  100 cm  1  100 cm 
    Dimensional Analysis

     Multi-step problems can be done either


    all at once or one step at a time.
     Ex) 2.50 feet = ? cm
    Problem-Solving

    1. Read the problem carefully and


    highlight any numbers and their units.
    Determine what is known and what is
    to be solved for.
    2. Plan out your course of action. What
    conversion factors are needed? Write
    them down.
    Problem-Solving

    3. Set-up and organize the problem in a


    neat and logical fashion making sure
    units cancel for each step.
    4. Calculate your answer following
    proper mathematics and round to the
    proper number of significant digits.
    5. Check your answer and work.
    Dimensional Analysis

     Ex) 15 pints = ? L
    Dimensional Analysis

     55 miles per hour = ? meters per


    second

     How long will it take to travel 5.0 km at


    this speed?
    Measuring Mass and Volume
     Matter = anything that occupies space
    and has mass.
     The SI unit of mass is the kilogram.
     Volume is a derived unit and is the
    amount of space occupied by matter.
     Based on the SI system, the standard
    unit would be a meter x meter x meter
    or cubic meter (m3).
    Measuring Mass and Volume

     However, this is too large to use in


    practical uses.
     1 milliliter (mL) is defined as a cube that
    measures 1 cm x 1 cm x 1 cm.
     Thus, 1 mL = 1 cm3 or 1 cc.
    Volume Conversions

     A block measures 12 inches by 6.5


    inches by 2.5 inches. What is the
    volume of this block in Liters?
    Temperature

     Temperature is the measurement of the


    amount of heat a substance has.
     Heat flows from warmer to colder
    objects.
     SI unit is the Kelvin.
     Metric unit is Celsius.
     English unit is Fahrenheit.
    Temperature Conversions

     F = (1.8 x oC) + 32
    o

     C = (oF – 32) / 1.8


    o

     K = oC + 273.15
    Temperature Conversions

     Convert 72oC to Fahrenheit

     Convert 65oF to Celsius

     Convert 225K to Fahrenheit


    Density
     Density is the ratio of the mass
    mass of the substance to its D  Volume
    volume.
     A substance can sometimes
    be identified by its density.
     Standard units for solids and
    liquids are grams per
    milliliter.
    Density

     Can use the density of a substance as a


    conversion factor.
     Density of Aluminum = 2.70 g/mL.
     Thus, every 1 mL of Al = 2.70 g.
     What volume would a mass of a 452
    gram block of Al occupy?
    Density
     A 2.50 gallon container of a liquid has a mass
    of 16.7 pounds. What is the density of the
    liquid in grams per milliliter?
    Density

     The density of gold is 19.3 g/mL. What is the


    mass in grams of a gold bar measuring 6.0 in.
    x 4.0 in. x 2.0 in.?

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