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Electricity PowerPoint

This document provides an overview of electricity and magnetism concepts including: 1) Atoms have protons, neutrons and electrons with protons being positively charged and electrons being negatively charged. Static electricity builds up a charge but does not flow, while current is the flow of electrons. 2) Circuits provide a path for electron flow and include components connected in either series or parallel. Conductors allow electron flow while insulators do not. 3) Resistance opposes electron flow and is influenced by material, thickness, length and temperature. Voltage provides the energy for electron flow while amps measure the amount of flow.

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48 views34 pages

Electricity PowerPoint

This document provides an overview of electricity and magnetism concepts including: 1) Atoms have protons, neutrons and electrons with protons being positively charged and electrons being negatively charged. Static electricity builds up a charge but does not flow, while current is the flow of electrons. 2) Circuits provide a path for electron flow and include components connected in either series or parallel. Conductors allow electron flow while insulators do not. 3) Resistance opposes electron flow and is influenced by material, thickness, length and temperature. Voltage provides the energy for electron flow while amps measure the amount of flow.

Uploaded by

roserphine
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Electricity & Magnetism

Static, Currents, Circuits


Magnetic Fields & Electro Magnets
Motors & Generators
Atoms…
 Have neutrons, protons, and
electrons.
 Protons are positively charged
 Electrons are negatively charged
Electrons…
 Are located on the outer edges of
atoms…they can be moved.
 A concentration of electrons in an
atom creates a net negative
charge.
 If electrons are stripped away, the
atom becomes positively charged.
The world is filled with electrical
charges:
+
+ + -
- - + - +
+
- + + -
-
+ +
- - -
What is this electrical potential
called?
 Static Electricity

-
- -
- - + ++
- - ++
Static Electricity
 The build up of an electric charge
on the surface of an object.
 The charge builds up but does not
flow.
 Static electricity is potential
energy. It does not move. It is
stored.
Static Discharge…
 Occurs when there is a loss of
static electricity due to three
possible things:
Friction - rubbing
Conduction – direct contact
Induction – through an electrical
field (not direct contact)
Electricity that moves…
 Current: The flow of electrons
from one place to another.
 Measured in amperes (amps)
 Kinetic energy
How can we control currents?
 With circuits.
 Circuit: is a path for the flow of
electrons. We use wires.
There are 2 types of currents:
 DirectCurrent (DC) – Where
electrons flow in the same
direction in a wire.
There are 2 types of currents:
 AlternatingCurrent (AC) –
electrons flow in different
directions in a wire
http://www.youtube.com/wat
ch?
v=HqMqdFNWX4s#t=237
There are 2 types of circuits:
 Series Circuit: the components
are lined up along one path. If
the circuit is broken, all
components turn off.
Series Circuit
http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=u-
7k8wpl_ZU&list=PLAO5cUCypo
9w-cFeJc2QGqVW0n4ZV42Q1
There are 2 types of circuits:
 Parallel Circuit – there are several
branching paths to the
components. If the circuit is
broken at any one branch, only
the components on that branch
will turn off.
Parallel Circuit
http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=MxH7hnuBfC4&list=PLAO5c
UCypo9w-
cFeJc2QGqVW0n4ZV42Q1
Conductors vs. Insulators
 Conductors – material through
which electric current flows easily.

 Insulators
– materials through
which electric current cannot
move.
Examples
 Conductors:  Insulators:
 Metal  Styrofoam
 Water  Rubber
 Plastic
 Paper
What is Resistance?
 The opposition to the flow of an
electric current, producing heat.
 The greater the resistance, the
less current gets through.
 Good conductors have low
resistance.
 Measured in ohms.
What Influences Resistance?
 Material of wire – aluminum and
copper have low resistance
 Thickness – the thicker the wire the
lower the resistance
 Length – shorter wire has lower
resistance
 Temperature – lower temperature has
lower resistance
What is Voltage?
 The measure of energy given to
the charge flowing in a circuit.
 The greater the voltage, the
greater the force or “pressure”
that drives the charge through the
circuit.
Difference b/t Volts and Amps
 Example – you could say that…
 Amps measure how much water
comes out of a hose.
 Volts measure how hard the water
comes out of a hose.
Ohm’s Law

 Resistance = Voltage / Current

 Ohms = Volts / Amps


Practice with Ohm’s Law
Ohms Volts Amps
4 100 25
15 150 10
2 30 15
9 45 5
6 48 8
What is an electromagnet?
 Electromagnet – a magnet made
from a current bearing coil of wire
wrapped around an iron or steel
core.
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iSuSWi7YThA
What is a generator?
 Generator – a machine that
changes mechanical energy to
electrical energy
 Usually use moving magnets to
create currents in coils of wire.
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=NqdOyxJZj0U#aid=P89ox56462A
What is a motor?
 Motor – a device that changes
electrical energy to mechanical
energy that can do work.
GROUP 2- GIRLS

GWYNETH
MITUDA
MORALES
PALDO
NORFAIDA
NORHAINA
SALIHA
TUSAN
TOCALON

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