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Electrical Devices & Circuits EEE-0103 - EEE - 205: Jubayer Al Mahmud

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30 views22 pages

Electrical Devices & Circuits EEE-0103 - EEE - 205: Jubayer Al Mahmud

Uploaded by

Md Kabir Hassan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Electrical Devices & Circuits

EEE-0103 | EEE – 205

Lecture - 04

Jubayer Al Mahmud
Lecturer
State University of Bangladesh
Outline
• Equivalence Circuit of Zener Diode
• Zener Diode as Stabilizer
• Filter Circuit
– Capacitor Filter
– Choke Input Filter
– Capacitor input filter or π-filter
• Practice Problems

2
Equivalent Circuit of Zener Diode
“On” state

“Off” state

3
Zener Diode as Stabilizer
• The Zener diode of zener voltage VZ is reverse connected
across the load RL across which constant output is
desired.
• The series resistance R absorbs the output voltage
fluctuations so as to maintain constant voltage across the
load.

4
Zener Diode as Stabilizer
• It may be noted that the zener will maintain a constant
voltage VZ (= E0) across the load so long as the input
voltage does not fall below VZ.
• When the circuit is properly designed, the load voltage E0
remains essentially constant even though the input
voltage Ei and load resistance RL may vary over a wide
range.

5
Filter Circuit
• A filter circuit is a device which removes the a.c.
component of rectifier output but allows the d.c.
component to reach the load.

6
Types of Filter Circuit

1. Capacitor filter
2. Choke input filter
3. Capacitor input filter or π-filter

7
Capacitor Filter Circuit
• Consists of a capacitor C placed across the rectifier output
in parallel with load RL.
• The pulsating direct voltage of the rectifier is applied
across the capacitor.
• As the rectifier voltage increases, it charges the capacitor
and also supplies current to the load.
• At the end of quarter cycle, the capacitor is charged to the
peak value Vm of the rectifier voltage.

8
Capacitor Filter Circuit
• Now, the rectifier voltage starts to decrease. As this
occurs, the capacitor discharges through the load and
voltage across it decreases as shown by the line AB.
• The voltage across load will decrease only slightly
because immediately the next voltage peak comes and
recharges the capacitor. This process is repeated again
and again and the output voltage waveform becomes
ABCDEFG.

9
Choke Input Filter
• Consists of a choke L connected in series with the rectifier
output and a filter capacitor C across the load.
• The choke offers high opposition to the passage of a.c.
component but negligible opposition to the d.c.
component.
• The result is that most of the a.c. component appears
across the choke while whole of d.c. component passes
through the choke on its way to load.
Choke Input Filter
• At terminal 3, the rectifier output contains d.c. component
and the remaining part of a.c. component which has
managed to pass through the choke.
• Now, the low reactance of filter capacitor bypasses the
a.c. component but prevents the d.c. component to flow
through it. Therefore, only d.c. component reaches the
load.

11
Capacitor input filter or π-filter
Problem: 01

13
Solution: 01
Problem: 02

15
Solution: 02
Problem: 03

17
Solution: 03 (1/1)

18
Solution: 03 (2/2)

19
Problem: 04

20
Solution: 04
Thank You

22

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