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Convection Drying

The document discusses several experiments and process equipment, including packed column distillation, heat exchangers, and a temperature control demonstration unit. It then focuses on convection drying, describing the process, types of moisture, drying mechanisms, classifications of drying processes like convection, contact and radiation drying, and factors that affect the rate of convection drying.

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Hira Shariq
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101 views

Convection Drying

The document discusses several experiments and process equipment, including packed column distillation, heat exchangers, and a temperature control demonstration unit. It then focuses on convection drying, describing the process, types of moisture, drying mechanisms, classifications of drying processes like convection, contact and radiation drying, and factors that affect the rate of convection drying.

Uploaded by

Hira Shariq
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiments after Midterm

• Packed column Distillation


• Jacketed and Immersed coil heat Exchanger
• Convective Drying
• Temperature control demonstration unit
• Process plant trainer
Drying

• It is the mass transfer process in which removal of water or


another solvent by evaporation from a solid, semi-solid or
liquid takes place.

• In this case, what is the driving force?


Drying
In the process industry, it can be done for various reasons

1. To reduce the cost of transport


2. To make a material more suitable for handling
3. To provide define properties such as for example maintain the free flowing nature
of salt.
4. To remove the moisture which may otherwise lead to corrosion.
Drying

Different types of moisture and the way, they are removed in a conventional drying
rate.
Drying
Transport of moisture within the solid may follow any of the following mechanism
for the mass transfer

Liquid Diffusion, if the wet solid is at a temperature below the boiling point of the liquid.
Vapor diffusion, if the liquid vaporizes within the material.
Knudsen diffusion, if drying takes place at very low temperatures and pressure.
Surface diffusion, when molecules migrate from their lattice positions and migrate to new
equilibrium site.
Hydrostatic pressure differences, when internal vaporization rates exceed the rate of
vapor transport through the solid to the surroundings.
Drying
Types of moisture
Drying

Classification of drying process

1. Convection drying  A flowing gas transfers the heat required for drying of material by
convection.
2. Contact drying  A material is placed over a heated surface, where heat is transferred
to the material by conduction
3. Radiation drying  Material absorbs emitted electromagnetic radiations from different
sources, effective not only for removing moisture from surface of material but also
within it.
Drying

Based on drying taking place at a temperature below or above the boiling point of solvent,

Evaporative Drying
Vaporization Drying

Vacuum drying  performing drying at sub-atmospheric pressure


Freeze drying low temperature dehydration process, freezing the product and then
removing the ice by sublimation
Convection Drying
Heat is transferred to the material to be dried by a flowing gas through convection, heat
travels through porous material.

If the material is easy to dry and is very porous, gas flows over several thin layers of material
simultaneously.
For a material that is difficult to dry, heat transfer is achieved by flowing the gas through a
bulk a material to be dried or a fluid bed.

The passing gas not only provides the heat but also carries the vapors produced as a result
of drying.
Convection Drying
Rate of drying 1
Convection Drying
Rate of drying 2
Convection Drying
Rate of drying 3
Convection Drying

Useful video link:


https://rb.gy/yli85x

Useful weblink for Mollier diagram explanation: https://rb.gy/vr3w73


Convection Drying
Rate of drying

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