Major Provinces and Climate

Major Provinces and
Climate
Philippines
o Archipelago of 7, 107 islands
o Southeast Asia
o Located just above the equator
and is part of the Northern
Hemisphere
o Population is about 110 million
people
1.
The Major Provinces
“
Philippines is divided into 3 main
island regions – the Luzon, Visayas
and Mindanao.
LUZON
✘ Northern region, largest island
✘ The name is derived from the word
lusong – a large wooden mortar used
in dehusking rice.
✘ Regions: Ilocos Region, Cagayan
Valley, Central Luzon, Calabarzon,
Mimaropa, Bicol Region, CAR,
NCR
LUZON
✘ The Filipino revolt against Spanish rule began on Luzon in 1896. US
forces wrested control of the islands from Spain in 1898, and the
Philippine insurrection against US rule broke out in 1899.
✘ On December 10, 1941, Japanese forces invaded the island in several
locations, and the Allied forces made their last stand on the Bataan
peninsula and Corregidor in early 1942. After a major landing from
Lingayen Gulf (January), a bloody battle for Manila (February), and
protracted mop-up operations that lasted until June, Luzon was liberated
(1945).
LUZON
✘ Leads in industry and agriculture
(rice, corn, coconuts, sugarcanes,
bananas, etc.)
✘ Major regional languages include:
Tagalog, Ilocano, Bicolano,
Kampampangan, and Pangasinan
VISAYAS
✘ Central region
✘ Derived from the word Srivijaya,
“Sri” – prosperous and “Vijaya” -
excellent
✘ Regions: Western Visayas (Region
VI), Central Visayas (Region VII)
and Eastern Visayas (Region VIII)
VISAYAS
✘ The Visayans first encountered Western Civilization when Portuguese
explorer Ferdinand Magellan reached the island of Homonhon, Eastern
Samar in 1521. The Visayas became part of the Spanish colony of the
Philippines and the history of the Visayans became intertwined with the
history of the Philippines.
VISAYAS
✘ Languages:
• Cebuano (about 20M native
speakers)
• Hiligaynon (9M speakers)
• Waray-Waray (6M speakers)
✘ Known for mangoes, scenic drives,
bus services, and multitude of small
islands to explore, dive or snorkel at.
MINDANAO
✘ Southern region
✘ Named after Maguindanao who
constituted the largest Sulunate.
✘ 6 regions: Zamboanga Peninsula,
Northern Mindanao, Caraga Region,
Soccskargen, and Bangsamora.
MINDANAO
✘ 13th century Arab traders from Malaysia and Indonesia most of the
indigenous population of Tausug, Maranao and Maguindanao are
converted into Islam except Subano, Talandig and Higaonon.
✘ 14th century, the first mosque in the Philippines was built in the town of
Simunul.
✘ Late 16th and early 17th centuries, first contact with Spain and Islam is
established in Mindanao.
✘ 17th and 18th centuries suggested that the named used to refer to the
island of Mindanao by the powerful natives at the time.
MINDANAO
✘ Economy: Agriculture, forestry and
fishing make up 40% of Mindanao’s
market.
✘ Languages: Most commonly used is
Cebuano (29.19%), followed by Bisaya
(27.07%), Hiligyanon (7.87%),
Tausung (4.13%), and Maguindanaon
(4.7%)
2.
The Climate
The average weather in a given area over a longer period of time. A description of a climate
includes information on, e.g. the average temperature in different seasons, rainfall, and
sunshine (Climateurope, 2020).
Philippines has only 2 seasons
WET SEASON DRY SEASON
✘ June to November ✘ December to May
✘ Heavy rains brought by Southwest ✘ Cool dry season – Dec to Feb
Monsoon (Habagat) ✘ Hot dry season – March to May
LA NIÑA EL NIÑO
✘ Described by PAGASA as ✘ A phenomenon characterized by
“cooler than normal sea surface long periods of hot dry season.
temperature in Eastern Pacific ✘ Warm water from Peru is slowly
covering the coast of Peru and brought by the north equatorial
warmer than SST over the current across the Pacific Ocean
Western Pacific (Philippines) and to the Philippines.
✘ Creates a wet climate (heavy ✘ Creates a dry climate during
rainfall) during dry season. rainy season.
Climate types
There are four (4) recognized climate types in the Philippines, and
are based on the distribution of rainfall.
TYPE I
Type I
Type II
✘ Two seasons pronounced: Dry Type III
season from November to April. Type IV
Wet season for the rest of the year.

✘ Found mostly in areas of Ilocos,
Zambales, and Central Luzon.
TYPE II
Type I
Type II
✘ No dry season with a pronounced Type III
rainfall from November to January. Type IV
✘ Found mostly in areas of

Camarines Sur/Norte, Samar,
Leyte, and Eastern Mindanao.
TYPE III
Type I
Type II
✘ Seasons are not very pronounced, Type III
relatively dry from November to Type IV
April, and wet during the rest of the

year.
✘ Found mostly in Cagayan, Nueva
Viscaya, Kalinga, Apayao,
Benguet, and Ifugao.
TYPE IV
Type I
Type II
✘ Rainfall is more or less evenly Type III
distributed throughout the year. Type IV
✘ Found in Northeastern Luzon,

Albay, and Western Leyte.
CLIMATE IN LUZON
✘ Luzon is hot, oppressive, and overcast. Over the course of the year, the
temperature typically varies from 77°F to 87°F and is rarely below 74°F
or above 90°F and mostly Luzon is prone to typhoons.
✘ Rainy season falls in the month of June until October. Luzon has dry
periods in January to April.
✘ August is the most wet month. The warmest month in Luzon is May with
an average maximum temperature of 34°C (93°F).
CLIMATE IN LUZON
CLIMATE IN VISAYAS
✘ Over the course of the year, the temperature typically varies from 72°F to
93°F and is rarely below 69°F or above 97°F.
✘ The clearer part of the year in New Visayas begins around December 25
and lasts for 4.1 months.
✘ On March 5, the clearest day of the year, the sky is clear, mostly clear, or
partly cloudy 33% of the time, and overcast or mostly cloudy 67% of the
time.
✘ The cloudier part of the year begins around April 29 and lasts for 7.9
months.
CLIMATE IN VISAYAS
CLIMATE IN MINDANAO
✘ Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao is one of the warmest region
in the Philippines with an average daily high temperature of 33 degrees
centigrade.
✘ High humidity and high temperatures are making the weather pleasant
at times, but also and partly tropical hot and humid.
✘ Highs range from 92.9°F (33.8°C) and 91.3°F (32.9°C) with similar
temperatures in the later months. Rain is very common with 9 to 14
days of significant precipitation per month.
CLIMATE IN MINDANAO
✘ The Philippines, which is located along the Pacific
typhoon belt, is visited by an ave. of 20 typhoons per year.
✘ Super Typhoon Yolanda (Haiyan) which entered the
Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR) on Nov. 6, 2013,
was deadliest typhoon that hit the country.
✘ Over 14M people were affected across 46 provinces. It
destroyed 1,140,332 houses and damaged a total of 19.6
Billion pesos worth of Infrastructures and 20.3 Billion
pesos worth of Agriculture
Reflection:
• ADELINO – “I learned a lot in researching about the history of Mindanao. The history of Mindanao was
interesting, the word Mindanao is named after the Maguindanao who constituted the largest Sulunate.
Mindanao was one of the most powerful natives in 17th to 18th centuries. I learned that Mindanao is the
second largest island in the Philippines but their faith is bigger than their island. I found out that Mindanao
is one of the warmest regions in the Philippines. Knowing this region, makes me want to go there and get to
know it better.”
• DANIEL - “This activity created an opportunity for us to learn about the major islands and climate of our
country. We got to know this important knowledge that other people might see as trivial only while
researching. We even got to understand the climate of Philippines and I believe that each one of us who
took part in this activity was able to expand their knowledge.”
• DELA CRUZ – “Through this topic, I have learned al ot of things especially in the history of the Luzon and
that is one of the part that is assigned to me and my partner. So we live in Visayas, that is why I am glad to
know something about Luzon, including Visayas and Mindanao too. It is very fun and interesting to
discover other things and places because through discovery, you can learn and share your learnings to
others.”
Reflection:
• JAVELONA - “Our leader divided us into pairs and gave us respective work to be done. Visayas was the
province assigned to us and i’ve learned so much about the place that I live in and realized that there is so
much more to know about the rich history of my home.”
• PONTERO – “Studying history allows us to observe and understand how people and societies behaved. For
example, we are able to evaluate war, even when a nation is at peace, by looking back at previous events.
History provides us with the data that is used to create laws, or theories about various aspects of society.”
• TAWAG – “Understanding the history and climate of the country’s main group of islands gave us facts that
could helps us widen our knowledge. Specifically, we were given a chance to reflect the history and climate
of Mindanao. Moreover, we are able to give aim about the foresight of their cultural roots and society.”
References:
LUZON & CLIMATE:
https://bagong.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/information/climate-philippines
https://www.silent-gardens.com/climate.php
https://weather-and-climate.com/average-monthly-Rainfall-Temperature-Sunshine-region-luzon-ph,Philippines
https://manilastandard.net/mobile/article/296798
https://www.britannica.com/place/Luzon
https://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/places/asia/philippines/luzon/history
VISAYAS & CLIMATE:
https://www.panaynews.net/anything-sun-el-nino-la-nina/
https://weatherspark.com/y/141429/Average-Weather-in-New-Visayas-Philippines-Year-Round
References:
MINDANAO & CLIMATE:
https://www.climateurope.eu/what-is-climate-and-climate-change/
https://www.geo.fu-berlin.de/en/v/iwm-network/learning_content/environmental-background/basics_climategeography/
definitions/index.html
https://www.worlddata.info/asia/philippines/climate-autonomous-region-in-muslim-mindanao.php
https://championtraveler.com/dates/best-time-to-visit-mindanao-ph/
https://www.besttimetovisit.com.ph/philippines/mindanao/
http://www.mindanao.climatemps.com/precipitation.php
https://mb.com.ph/2021/07/26/title-147/
thank you!

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Major Provinces and Climate

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Major Provinces and

✘ Two seasons pronounced: Dry Type III

season from November to April. Type IV

Wet season for the rest of the year.

✘ No dry season with a pronounced Type III

rainfall from November to January. Type IV

✘ Found mostly in areas of

✘ Seasons are not very pronounced, Type III

relatively dry from November to Type IV

April, and wet during the rest of the

✘ Rainfall is more or less evenly Type III

distributed throughout the year. Type IV

✘ Found in Northeastern Luzon,

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