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Image Quality in CT Scan

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93 views14 pages

Image Quality in CT Scan

Uploaded by

eveyagaur999
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Image quality in CT scan

Scanning parameters
Milliampere
Scan time
Kilovolt-peak
Slice thickness
FOV
Pitch in helical scan only
Reconstruction algorithem
Introduction
Image quality refers to the visibility of
diagnostically important structure in CT
image.
The features used to measure image
quality are:
 SNR
 Resolution
o Spatial resolution
o Contrast resolution
o Temporal resolution
RESOLUTION
Resolution is a term used to describe the
ability to differentiate between structures.
In diagnostic imaging, resolution refers to
the number of pixels in an image.
A high resolution image has more pixels,
which allows its to display more details.
Spatial resolution
It is the ability of CT scanner to display separate
images of two objects which are placed close
together.
In digital imaging, it is depends on the size of
the pixel used.
A large pixel size will be unable to differentiate
between two nearby objects as compared to a
small pixel size.
Spatial resolution is measured in line-pairs per
millimeters.
Factors affecting spatial
resolution
Focal spot: Smaller focal spots give a higher
resolution. Thus, the spatial resolution increases.
Detector width: Smaller detector width gives a
higher resolution. Thus, the spatial resolution
increases.
No. of projection: A larger no. of projection
gives a finer resolution. Thus, the spatial
resolution increases.
Slice thickness: thinner the slices higher the
resolution.
Pitch : Lower pitch ratio improves the spatial
resolution.
Pixel size: Smaller pixel size gives more
details. Thus, the spatial resolution
increases.
FOV: smaller FOV gives finer resolution.
Patient motion : If the patient motion
decreases, thus the spatial resolution
increases.
CONTRAST RESOLUTION
It is the ability of the CT scanner to display
the object with considerably different in
density from its surrounding objects.
In digital imaging, it is depends on the bit-
depth of the system.
Factors affecting contrast
resolution
Increases in mAs, improve contrast
resolution.
Decrease in pixel size decreases contrast
resolution.
Increase in slice thickness improve contrast
resolution.
Increase in FOV improves contrast
resolution.
TEMPORAL RESOLUTION
Temporal resolution is the amount of time
for the acquisition of image.
In cardiac ct, it is necessary to image
breathing heart in milliseconds.
NOISE
Noise define as the grainy appearance of
cross-sectional imaging.
Noise decreases the image quality and
reduces the contrast resolution.
Noise is caused by a low photon count in an
image.
Noise is measured by the signal to noise
ratio(SNR).
Signal to noise ratio(SNR)
The number of X-ray photons detected per
pixel is also often referred to as signal-to-
noise ratio(SNR).
The higher the ratio, the less noise is
present in the image.
The noise is caused by many factors; the
most common is quantum mottle.
Factors affecting CT noise
Decreases in pixel size increases the noise.
Increases in mAs, decreases the noise.
Larger patient; reduces the SNR.

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