BSCS and BBA ESSAY WRITING

MENTOR: SAIQA AFTAB
ESSAY WRITING AND TUNIO

ENGLISH LECTURER
ITS TYPES
ETYMOLOGY AND
DEFINITION OF WORD ESSAY
The word essay is taken from Latin word “exagium”, which means to presenting one's
case.
It is also taken from French word “essayer” which means to attempt.
The essay is a written piece that is designed to present an idea, propose an argument, express the
emotion or initiate debate.
Or
 An Essay is a short non-fiction, non-imaginary work about a subject.
Mentor: Saiqa Aftab Tunio

CLASSIFICATION AND
STRUCTURE OF AN ESSAY
 It may be classified by tone and style as formal and informal.
It has many purposes depending on what the writer wants to write
about and how he/she wants to affect the readers.
Structure of an Essay
Every essay has a beginning (Introduction of an essay), a middle
(body of an essay, and an end (conclusion/ending of an essay).
Suppose an essay is based on 5 paragraphs, so, it is divided like
that:
The 1st paragraph is introduction or introductory paragraph, 2nd, 3rd,
and 4th (three) paragraphs are body of an essay, and the 5th
(last/final) is called conclusion.
WHAT WILL I WRITE ABOUT?
There are three things to consider while writing any essay: Subject,
Audience, and Purpose. You must have a topic.
WHO WILL READ MY ESSAY?
 Audience:
1. Understand your audience’s interests and perspectives.
2. Evaluate your topic in relation to your audience.
3. Adapt your topic, examples, and language, so that
are appropriate to your audience.

WHY AM I WRITING THIS
ESSAY?
 The purpose of your essay will determine what type of essay you
write.
 Each type has certain uses and styles.
Below are many types of essays but we are discussing here:

 Narrative Essay
Descriptive Essay
Persuasive Essay
Compare and Contrast Essay
1. NARRATIVE
ESSAY
 A narrative essay is concerned mainly with the
narration of some event and in prose form. But it
should not be confused with a short story.
Or
 A narrative essay tells a story.
 It can be about a significant personal experience,

an event, or a lesson learned biographies,
incidents, accidents, and journey, etc.
 It gives personal reflection, entertainment, and

insight (lesson, moral or lesson from experience).
 Narrative essays are generally written in the first-person.
 Narrative essays are usually about a topic that is personal to the writer.
 Narrative essays’ must have a clear beginning, middle, and end.
Narrative essay type Features

1. Personal Based on personal experience, insight, reflection, and
emotion.
2. Autobiographical Covers life events, full length.
3. Descriptive Emphasizes detailed description for reader immersion.
4. Experiential Based on a specific experience, involving emotional responses.
5. Historical Focuses on historical events, non-fictional, facts stated using
figurative
language.
6. Biographical Explores an individual’s life, personality, achievements, and
challenges.
7. Travel Chronicles experiences and thoughtful observations during a
journey.
Title: A Feline Odyssey: An Experience of Fostering Stray Kittens
Introduction:
It was a fine summer evening in the year 2022 when a soft meowing disrupted the tranquility of my
terrace. Little did I know that this innocent symphony would lead to a heartwarming journey of
compassion and companionship. Soon, there was a mama cat at my doorstep with four little kittens
tucked behind her. They were the most unexpected visitors I had ever had.
Body:
The kittens, just fluffs of fur with barely open eyes, were a monument to life’s fragility. Their mother, a
street-smart feline, had entrusted me with the care of her precious offspring. The responsibility was
sudden and unexpected, yet there was an undeniable sense of purpose in the air, filling me with delight
and enthusiasm.
As the days unfolded, my terrace transformed into a haven for the feline family. Cardboard boxes
became makeshift cat shelters and my once solitary retreat was filled with purrs and soothing meows.
The mother cat, Lily, who initially observed me from a safe distance, gradually began to trust my
presence as I offered food and gentle strokes.
Fostering the kittens was a life-changing, enriching experience that taught me the true joy of giving as I
cared for the felines. My problems slowly faded into the background as evenings were spent playing with
the kittens. Sleepless nights turned into a symphony of contented purring, a lullaby filled with the
warmth of trust and security. Although the kittens were identical, they grew up to have very distinct
personalities, with Kuttu being the most curious and Bobo being the most coy. Every dawn ushered in a
soothing ritual of nourishing these feline companions, while nights welcomed their playful antics — a
daily nocturnal delight.
Conclusion:
As the kittens grew, so did the realization that our paths were destined to part. Finally, the day arrived
when the feline family, now confident and self-reliant, bid farewell to my terrace. It was a bittersweet
moment, filled with a sense of love and accomplishment and a tinge of sadness.
Fostering Kuttu, Coco, Lulu, and Bobo became one of the most transformative experiences of my life.
Their arrival had brought unexpected joy, teaching me about compassion and our species’ ability to
make a difference in the world through love and understanding. The terrace, once a quiet retreat, now
bore the echoes of a feline symphony that had touched my heart in ways I could have never imagined
2. DESCRIPTIVE
ESSAY
 The word "descriptive" comes from the word
"describe," which means "to tell about how something
looks, feels, smells, sounds, or tastes."
 It is a piece of writing that describes: objects, people,

animals, plants, things, towns, historical buildings,
events and different aspects of nature, etc.
 Use of imagery, figurative and precise language.
 A writer can create effective descriptions that create

images in the reader's mind while also conveying a
certain mood, or feeling, about the essay's subject.
Here is an example of a descriptive paragraph about a party:
"Pop music blared from the speakers near the dance floor, making it difficult
to have a discussion with anyone. Colored lights that had been strategically
placed around the large room flashed randomly, giving glimpses of the
dancers in various poses. The rich, savory smell of the dinner that would
soon be served invaded my nose and my stomach grumbled in response."
3. COMPARE AND
CONTRAST ESSAY
 A compare and contrast essay provides points of
comparison between two subjects.
 It shows how the subjects are similar in certain
respects and different in others.
 The essay structure tends to feature body
paragraphs that describe the two subjects, before
bringing it all together with a final analysis.
 It also requires critical thinking.
 A good comparison essay can provide
information about current events, political
candidates, travel destinations, or products.
HOW TO WRITE A COMPARE AND CONTRAST ESSAY
There are 8 steps which help you to write any that type of paragraph.
1. Begin by Brainstorming with a Venn Diagram.
Brainstorming before you begin writing. A Venn diagram is a set of overlapping
circles: One circle shows the characteristics of the first subject, and another circle
shows the characteristics of the second subject; an overlapping section between
the circles contains characteristics shared by both subjects.
2. Develop a Thesis Statement.
Once you’ve mapped out the similarities and differences between your topics, you
will begin to understand the relationship between your subjects. This prewriting
process will allow you to develop your thesis statement and your topic sentences.
Your thesis statement should function as a road map for your essay.
3. Create an Outline.
After you have spent time with your data, your prewriting process moves on to
outlining. A good compare and contrast essay outline follows the standard essay
format: introductory paragraph, body paragraphs, conclusion.
4. Write the Introduction.
The best introductions start with a hook such as a rhetorical question or a bold statement.
After your hook, introduce the subjects that you will examine in your essay. Your thesis
statement should come at the end of the introduction.
5. Write the First Body Paragraph.
Begin with a topic sentence that explains one area of comparison between your first subject
and your second subject. For example, if your subjects are two different countries and your
paragraph topic is political structure, you can start by broadly describing each country's
political processes. You can then devote at least two sentences to how the countries’
politics are similar and two sentences to how they are different.
6. Repeat the Process for the Next Paragraphs.
Comparative essays usually take their subjects through several points of comparison.
Therefore, plan on writing at least three body paragraphs that tackle your two subjects from
a variety of angles. Link your paragraphs with transition words.
7. Write the Conclusion.
By this point, you will hopefully have proven your thesis about how your two subjects are
both different and alike. Your concluding paragraph is your chance to share any final
insights and to reinforce the thesis of your overall paper. Do not introduce brand new
information in your concluding paragraph; use it to summarize the entire paper.
8. Proofread

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MENTOR: SAIQA AFTAB

ESSAY WRITING AND TUNIO

 An Essay is a short non-fiction, non-imaginary work about a subject.

Mentor: Saiqa Aftab Tunio

Mentor: Saiqa Aftab Tunio

Below are many types of essays but we are discussing here:

 It can be about a significant personal experience,

 It gives personal reflection, entertainment, and

Narrative essay type Features

 It is a piece of writing that describes: objects, people,

 Use of imagery, figurative and precise language.

 A writer can create effective descriptions that create

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