DC Machines Questions

SHORT ANSWER

1. An electric truck is propelled by a de motor driven by a 110 Volt storage battery. The truck
is required to exert a tractive effort of 200 lbs at a speed of 5 miles per hour. The overall
efficiency of the motor and drive is 70%. What is the current drawn from the battery?

2. Calculate the voltage induced in the armature winding of a 4-pole, lap-wound, dc machine
having 728 active conductors and running at 1800rpm. The flux per pole is 30mWb.

3. A 4-pole lap-wound armature has 144 slots with two coil sides per slot, each coil having two
turns. If the flux per pole is 20mWb and the armature rotates at 720rpm. What is the
induced voltage?

4. At what speed, in rpm, must the armature of a dc machine run to develop 5720 Watts at a
torque of 46.05 N.m?

5. A dc machine has a 4-pole, wave-wound armature with 46 slots and 16 conductors per slot.
If the induced voltage in the armature is 480 Vat 1200rpm, determine the flux per pole.

6. A 4-pole motor is lap wound with 728 conductors, and has a flux of 25 mWb per pole. The
armature takes 50 A in current, the resultant demagnetizing effect due to armature
reaction reduces the air-gap flux by 5%. Calculate the developed torque.

7. A 230-V shunt motor delivers 30 hp at the shaft at 1120 rpm. If the motor has an efficiency
of 87% at this load, determine calculate the developed torque. If the torque loss due to
friction and windage is 7% of the shaft torque.

8. In a brake test the effective load on the branch pulley was 38.1 kg the effective diameter of
the pulley is 63.5 cm and the speed is 12 rps. The motor took 49 A at 220 v. What is the
efficiency at this load?

9. A 240 volts dc shunt motor has an armature current of 50 ampere, armature resistance of
0.25 running at 1200 rpm. If it is run at 220 volts, what value of armature current if the
speed remains at 1200 rpm but the field is change.

10. A separately-excited motor runs at 1045 rpm, with a constant field current, while taking an
armature current of 50 A at 120 V, the armature resistance is 0.1 ohm. If the load on the
motor changes such that it now takes 95 A at 120 V, determine the motor speed at this
load.

11. A 20-hp, 250-V shunt motor has an armature-circuit resistance of 0.22 ohm and a field
resistance of 1700. At no-load and rated voltage, the speed is 1200rpm and the armature
current is 3.0 A. at full-load and rated voltage, the line current is 55 A, and the flux is
reduced 6% (due to the effects of armature reaction) from its value at no-load. What is
the full load speed?

12. A shunt motor with an armature resistance of 0.15 ohm is running at 1200 rpm for a load
which requires of armature current of 50 ampere from a 230 volt source. At no load, the
armature current is 5 ampere. If the effect of armature reaction has reduced the air gap
flux 2% from no load to full load, what is the no load speed?

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13. A 120 volt dc shunt motor having an armature circuit resistance of 0.2 ohm and fields
circuit resistance of 60 ohms, draws a line current of 40 at full load. The brush drop is
3-volt and rated full load speed is 1800 rpm. What is the speed at half load?

14. The power input to a 30 hp 220-volt shunt motor is 2100 watts, taken at no load. The field
and armature resistance is 73 and 0.11 ohms respectively. What is SPL?

15. The hysteresis and eddy current losses in a dc machines running at 1000 rpm are 250
Watts and 100 Watts respectively. If the flux remains constant, at what speed will the iron
loss be halved?

16. A 10-hp, 230-V shunt motor takes a full-load line current of 40 A the armature and fteld
resistances are 0.25 ohms and 230 ohms, respectively. The total brush-contact drop is 2
V and the core and friction losses are 380 W. calculate the efficiency of the motor.
Assume that stray-load loss is 1% of output

17. A 230-V shunt motor, having an armature resistance of 0.05 ohm and a field resistance of
75 ohm, draws a line current of 7 Awhile running light at 1120 rpm. Determine the motor
efficiency when the line current at a given load is 46 A.

18. A 230 Volts, 15 hp d.c. shunt motor has friction and iron loss of 200 W. The armature
resistance is 0.3 ohm and shunt field resistance is 115 ohms. What is the maximum
efficiency of the motor?

19. A shunt motor with armature resistance of 0.12 ohm and designed to operate at 115 V, is
taking 60 A in armature current at full-load. Determine the value of the external resistance
to be inserted in the armature circuit so that the armature current shall not exceed twice
its full-load value at starting.

20. A 20 Hp, 240 V shunt motor takes 72 Amperes when operating at full load. The shunt field
resistance is 240 ohms and the armature resistance is 0.22 ohm. Calculate the starter
resistance if the starting torque is limited to 1 .5 times the full load torque (take a 3-V
brush drop).

21. A series motor, having an armature resistance of 0.1 ohm and a field resistance of 0.15
ohm, takes 48 A at 230 V and 720 rpm. The total core and friction losses are 650 W.
neglecting stray-load and brush-contact losses, calculate output power at the shaft.

22. A 10 hp, 230 Volt, 1,000 rpm series motor, having rated efficiency of 85.5%, armature
resistance including brushes of 0.28 ohm and a field resistance of 0.15 ohm. What value
of starting resistance so that the starting torque is equal to 150 % of the rated-load
torque?

23. The commutator pitch of a duplex lap-winding in a dc generator is ___.

24. A 4 pole, lap-wound dc armature, the back pitch is 17, if the winding is progressive what is
the front pitch?

25. In a 4 pole, 54 slot d.c. armature, calculate the coil span.

26. A 400 Volt, 1000 Amp, simpfex lap-wound de generator has 10 poles, 860 conductors.
Determine the number of Amp-turns in the pole face to give full compensation if the pole
face covers 70% of pole span .

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27. A 100-kW, 230-V, shunt generator has Ra= 0.05 ohm and Rf= 57.5 ohm. If the generator
operates at rated voltage, calculate the induced voltage at half full-load. Neglect
brush-contact drop.

28. A 10-kW, 250-V shunt generator, having an armature resistance of 0.1 ohm and a field
resistance of 250 ohm, delivers full-load at rated voltage and 800 rpm. The machine is
now run as a motor while taking 10 kW at 250 V. what is the speed of the motor? Neglect
brush-contact drop.

29. A long-shunt compound generator supplies 50 kW at 230 V the total field- and
armature-circuit resistances are 46 ohm and 0.03 ohm, respectively. The brush contact
drop is 2 V. Determine the percent voltage regulation. Neglect the armature reaction.

30. A 50-kW, 250-V short-shunt compound generator has the following data: Ra= 0.06 ohm,
Rse = 0.04 ohm and Rf = 125 ohm. Calculate the induced armature voltage at rated load
and terminal voltage. Take 2 V as the total brush-contact drop.

31. Assuming a constant fteld excitation, the no-load voltage of a separately excited generator
is 230 volts at 1200 rpm with the field of 10 amperes. What is the speed if the voltage is
200 volts with the same field current?

32. A separately-excited dc generator has the following data: armature resistance, 0.04 ohm;
field resistance, 110 ohm; total core and mechanical losses, 960 W; voltage across the
field, 230 V. the generator supplies a load at a terminal voltage of 230 V. Calculate the
maximum value of the generator efficiency.

33. Two shunt generators A and B, with ratings of 150 kw and 100 kw respectively having
identical straight-line voltage vs. percent kw output characteristic, are connected in
parallel. The no-load and full-load voltage of 255 and 230 volts, calculate the kw output of
each when the total load shared is 200 kW.

34. Two shunt generators A & B operates in parallel and their load characteristics may be
taken as straight line. The voltage of generator A falls from 240 Volts at no-load to 220
Volts at 200 Amp while that of B falls from 245 Volts at no-load to 220 Volts at 150 Amp.
Determine the common terminal voltage when the load is 67kW.

35. Calculate the current taken by a 500 Volt dc motor at efficiency 80%, driving a pump at
efficiency 70% which delivers 1400 m3 per minute at an effective head of 15 cm?

36. A 240 volts de shunt motor has an armature current of 50 ampere, armature resistance of
0.25 running at 1200 rpm. If it is run at 220 volts, what value of armature current when
driving the same load. The field is adjusted so that the speed remains at 1200 rpm.

37. A dc shunt motor develops 15 hp at 120 volts. The armature resistance is 0.061 ohm. What
is the armature current?

38. A dc shunt motor develops 15 hp at 120 V. The armature efficiency is 95%. What is the
back emf?

39. A 120 Volt shunt motor has an armature resistance of 0.08 ohm and field resistance of 60
ohms. What current is drawn when its back emf is 114.8 volts.

40. A 440 volt 75 hp shunt motor has an armature resistance of 0.185 ohm and a field
resistance of 350 ohms. The current drawn at full load is 135 amperes. What is the back
emf in volts?

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41. A 4 poles lap wound, dc machine has 728 active conductors running at 1800 rpm. The
flux per pole is 30 mWb, The armature current is 120 A, what is the electromagnetic
power developed in the armature in kw?

42. The armature and field circuits of a 230 Volt shunt motor have resistance of 0.31 and 115
ohms respectively. It takes 52 Amp when operating at a certain load. What is the
armature power developed?

43. A 500 Volt shunt motor running at 720 rpm takes an armature current of 50 Amp, its
effective resistance 0.40 ohm. When a resistance of 1.6 ohm is placed in series with the
armature, what is the new speed? Assume that load torque is constant

44. A dc shunt motor runs at 900 rpm from a 460V supply when taking an armature current of
25 A. Calculate the speed at which it will run from a 230V supply when taking an
armature current of 15 A. The resistance of the armature circuit is 0.8 ohm. Assume flux
per pole at 230V have to decrease to 75% of its value at 460V

45. A 230-volt shunt motor has an armature resistance of 0.28 ohm and a field resistance of
115 ohms. At no-load, the line current is 8 amperes and the speed is 2300 rpm. What is
the speed when the line current is 52 amperes? Assume brush drops of 1 volt at no-load
and 3 volts at load condition and constant flux density.

46. The no-load armature current of a 220 volts shunt motor is 3 amperes. The no load speed
is 950 rpm and the total resistance of the armature circuit Ra including the brushes is 0.2
ohm. If the motor is loaded, the flux is reduced by 15 % and the resistance of 2 ohms is
inserted in the armature, the speed is then 609 rpm, what is the electromagnetic torque in
lb-ft?

47. A 6-pole, lap-wound armature, having 720 conductors, rotates in field of 20.35 mWb. If the
armature current is 78 A, what is the torque developed by the armature?

48. The armature of a dc machine running at 1200 rpm carries 45 A in current. If the induced
armature voltage is 130 V, what is the torque deveioped by the armature?

49. A motor has a nameplate rating of 15 hp and 1160 rpm. Solve for the rated torque.

50. The armature of a dc motor has 648 conductors , 65% of which are directly under the pole
where the flux density is 48,000 lines per in2. If the core diameter is 7 inches and its
iength is 4 inches and the current in each conductor is 20 Amp. What is the torque
exerted in the armature in ib-ft?

51. The armature of a motor has of 400 active conductors, the flux density in the field being
3000 gauss. The axial length of the armature is 20.32 cm. The current is 30 amperes.
Determine the total force exerted in the armature.

52. A dc motor takes an armature current of 105 Amp at 480 volts when running at 720 rpm.
The resistance of the armature circuit is 0.2 ohm and the field resistance is 96 ohms.
What is the torque developed in the armature ?

53. An electric motor develops 20 metric HP at a speed of 600 rpm. What is the torque?

54. A d.c. shunt motor develops 7.8 hp at 120 Volt, the armature efficiency is 93%. What is the
armature effective resistance?

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55. A certain shunt motor has an armature resistance of 0.05. It draws 50 amperes at a
terminal voltage of 120 volts. Assume other miscellaneous losses of 1%. Determine the
output horsepower of the motor.

56. Calculate the efficiency of a 230 Volt shunt motor from the following data: Input current is
19.8 Amp, balance reading is 14 lbs ,tare weight is 2lbs., brake arm is 2 ft long & speed is
1100 rpm.

57. A 240 volt d.c. motor on brake test took 52 Amp when running at 1500 rpm. The spring
balance at the end of the 76 cm brake arm reads 93.5 N. What is the efficiency of the
motor at this load?

58. The shaft power of a shunt motor is 7.8 hp. Its armature draws 50 Amperes from 120 Volts.
The field winding draws 1.2 Amp. What is the efficiency of the motor?

59. A 15 hp 220 volt, 1200 rpm shunt motor takes 50 Amperes. lts,armature resistance is 0.1
ohm and field resistance is 220 ohms. Brush contact voltage drop is 2 volts, friction and
windage loss is 400 watts and stray load loss of 1% of the output. Calculate the
efficiency.

60. A 250-V, 10-hp shunt motor has an armature resistance of 0.5 ohm and a field resistance
of 250 ohm. The motor takes a current of 5 A on no-land and 37.1 A on rated load.
Determine its rated-load efficiency.

61. A shunt motor runs at 11 00 rpm, at 230 V, and draws a line current of 40 A. The output
power (at the shaft) is 10.8 hp. The various losses are: core loss, 200W; friction and
windage loss, 180 W; electrical loss due to brush contact, 37 W; stray-load foss, 37W.
The armature- and field-circuit resistances are 0.25 ohm and 230 ohm, respectively.
Calculate the motor efficiency.

62. A 440 Volt shunt motor has an armature resistance of 0.8 ohm and field resistance of 200
ohms. What is the armature power developed when giving an output of 7.46 kW at 85%
efficiency.

63. In a 5 Hp, 230 Volt, 1500 rpm shunt motor, the resistance of tlle armature including
brushes is 0.175 ohm and that of the shunt field is 610 ohms. The stray power losses
when the motor delivers rated load at rated voltage is 305 watts. The efficiency at rated
load is nearest to:

64. A 15 hp 220-volt shunt motor has an armature resistance of 0.07 ohm and a shunt
resistance of 200 ohms. The overall efficiency at rated output is 89%, What is the
rotational loss?

65. A 5 Hp, 230 V shunt motor takes 18 Amperes when operating at full load. The shunt field
resistance is 115 ohms and the armature resistance is 0.25 ohm. Calculate the starter
resistance if the starting torque is limited to 1.5 times the full load torque (take a 3-V
brush drop).

66. A 60 Hp, 230 V shunt motor has a shunt field resistance of 38.3 ohms and an armature
resistance of 0.04 ohm. If the resistance in the starter is 0.66 ohm and the brush drop is 3
Volts. What is the input current to the motor at the instant it is started?

67. A dc series motor develops 180 lbs-ft of torque when the is current is 30 Amp. The load
increases so that the motor current rises to 50 Amp. The torque now is:

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68. A series motor takes 285 amperes and develops 153 lb-ft.torque when operating at 1200
rpm. Calculate the torque for a speed of 1700 rpm under condition the current drops to
210 amperes and the flux is decreased by 18%.

69. A 100 Volt dc series motors run at 400 rpm when taking a current of 55 Amp. Armature
resistance is 0.03 ohm; field resistance is 0.03 ohm. If the load torque remains the same,
What is the input current when the field is shunted by a resistor of 0.02 ohm?

70. If the armature of an eight-pole dc machine were wound with a simplex wave winding. How
many parallel paths would there be?

71. In a 4 pole, 35 slot d.c. armature, calculate the coil span.

72. A 4 pole, 12 slot lap-wound dc armature has two coil side/slot. Assuming single turn coil,
calculate the back pitch for progressive and retrogressive winding.

73. In a 10 pole, lap wound dc armature, the number of active armature conductor per pole is
50. The number of compensating conductor per pole required is:

74. A 4 pole dc generator with simplex lap winding has 48 slots and four element per slot. The
flux per pole is 2.5x10^6 maxwells and it runs at 1,500 rpm. What is the output voltage?

75. A 4 pole dc generator with duplex lap winding has 48 slots and four element per slot. The
flux per pole is 2.5x10^6 maxwells and it runs at 1,500 rpm. What is the output voltage?

76. A separately excited generator generates 230 volts when driven at 1200 rpm. If the flux is
decrease by 10%. What is the new emf with speed remains the same.

77. A shunt generator when running light as a motor at 1000 rpm takes 12 Amp from 115-Volt
mains. The field current is 7 Amp, and the armature resistance is 0.03 ohm. Determine
stray-power loss of the machine at this particular value of flux and speed.

78. A 20-Kw 220-volt shunt generator has an armature resistance of 0.07 ohm and a shunt
resistance of 200 ohms. Determine the power developed in the armature when it delivers
its rated output.

79. The pulley of an old gen-set has a diameter of 20 inches. The belt exerts a pull of 353 lbs
on the pulley the gen-set runs at 900 rpm. What is the approximate kW rating of the
gen-set?

80. A 288 Volt shunt generator has constant losses of 2880 Watts. The armature circuit
resistance is 0.20 ohm and field resistance of 144 ohms. If the generator is delivering
power at maximum efficiency, then its armature current is.

81. A 400- Kw, 600 volt, dc shuntgenerator has an armature resistance of 0.03 ohm. The field
resistance is 48 ohms. The stray power loss for this machine at rated voltage and speed
is 7200 watts, What is the maximum efficiency?

82. A shunt generator delivers 195 Amp of terminal of voltage 250 Volts. The armature
resistance and shunt field resistances are 0.02 ohm and 50 ohms respectively. The iron
and friction losses equal to 950 watts. What is the overall efficiency?

83. A 440 Volt long shunt generator has a full-load current of 200 Amp. Its armature resistance,
series field resistance and shunt field resistances are 0.02 ohm, 0.04 ohm and 100 ohms
respectively, the stray load losses are 2000 Watts. What is the full-load efficiency of
generator ?

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84. A 25 kw, 500 volts long shunt compound generator delivers a full load. It has armature,
series field and shunt field resistances of 0.05 ohm, 0.03 ohm and 250 ohm, respectively.
What is the generated voltage allowing 3 V for brush contact drop?

85. A 420 kw 600-volt 580 rpm long shunt generator has an armature resistance of 0.03 ohm,
series field resistance of 0.01 ohm, shunt field resistance of 45 ohms and SPL of 12 kw.
Calculate the necessary driving torque at rated load in lb-ft.

86. A 50KW, 500 Volt short shunt generator has an armature resistance, series field resistance
and shunt field resistances are 0.05 ohm, 0.06 ohm and 253 ohms, respectively. What is
the armature power generated?

87. A 50-kw 460-volt shunt generator has a voltage regulation of 8.7 percent, Calculate the
no-load terminal voltage.

88. Two shunt generators A & B operates in parallel and their load characteristics may be
taken as straight line. The voltage of generator A falls from 240 Volts at no-load to 220
Volts at 200 Amp while that of B falls from 245 Volts at no-load to 220 Volts at 150 Amp.
Determine the common terminal voltage when the load is 67 kW.

89. Two shunt generators A and B, with ratings of 250 and 400 Kw respectively having equal
no-load voltage of 260 volts and full-load voltage of 240 volts, calculate the load of each
when the total load shared is 600 kW.

90. A 12-pole dc generator has a simplex wave-wound armature containing 144 coils of 10
turns each. The resistance of each turn is 0.011 ohm. Its flux per pole is 0.05 Wb, and it
is turning at a speed of 200 r/min. How many current paths are there in this machine?
What is the induced annature voltage of this machine?What is the effective armature
resistance of this machine?

91. An eight-pole, 25-kW, 120-V dc generator has a duplex lap-wound armature which has 64
coils with 10 turns per coil. Its rated speed is 3600 r/min. How much flux per pole is
required to produce the rated voltage in this generator at no-load conditions? What is the
current per path in the armature of this generator at the rated load? What is the induced
torque in this machine at the rated load? How many btushes must this motor have? How
wide must each one be? If the resistance of this winding is 0.011 ohm per turn, what is
the armature resistance RA of this machine?

92. An automatic starter circuit is to be designed for a shunt motor rated at 20 hp, 240 V, and
75 A. The armature resistance of the motor is 0.12 ohm, and the shunt field resistance is
40 ohm. The motor is to start with no more than 250 percent of its rated armature current,
and as soon as the current falls to rated value, a starting resistor stage is to be cut-out.
How many stages of starting resistance are needed, and how big should each one be?

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93. A 10-hp, 120-V, 1000 rpm shunt dc motor has a full -load armature current of 70 A when
operating at rated conditions. The armature resistance of the motor is Ra = 0.12 ohm,
and the field resistance Rf is 40 ohm.The adjustable resistance in the field circuit Radj
may be varied over the range from 0 to 200 ohm and is currently set to 100 ohm.
Armature reaction may be ignored in this machine. The magnetization curve for this
motor, taken at a speed of 1000 rpm, is gi ven in the following table:

(a) What is the speed of this motor when it is running at the rated conditions specified
above?
(b) The output power from the motor is 10 hp at rated conditions. What is the output
torque of the motor?
(c) What are the copper losses and rotational losses in the motor at full load (ignore stray
losses)?
(d) What is the efficiency of the motor at full-load?
(e) If the motor is now unloaded with no changes in terminal voltage or Radj what is the
no-load speed of the motor?
(f) Suppose that the motor is running at the no-load conditions described in part
(e) What would happen to the motor if its field circuit were to open? Ignoring armature
reaction, what would the final steady-state speed of the motor be under those conditions?
(g) What range of no-load speeds is possible in this motor, given the range of field
resistance adjustments available with Radj?

94. When operated from a 230-V dc supply, a dc series motor operates at 975 rpm with a line
current of 90 A. Its armature-circuit resistance is 0.11 ohm and its series-field resistance
is 0.08 ohm. Due to saturation effects, the flux produced by an armature current of 30 A
is 48 percent of that at an armature current of 90 A. Find the motor speed when the
armature voltage is 230 V and the armature current is 30 A.

95. A 25-kW, 230-V shunt motor has an armature resistance of 0.11 ohm and a field resistance
of 117 ohm. At no load and rated voltage, the speed is 2150 rpm and the armature
current is 6.35 A. At full load and rated voltage, the armature current is 115 A and,
because of armature reaction, the flux is 6 percent less than its no-load value. What is
the full-load speed?

96. A 230-V dc shunt motor has an armature-circuit resistance of 0.23 ohm. When operating
from a 230-V supply and driving a constant-torque load, the motor is observed to be
drawing an armature current of 60 A. An external resistance of 1.0 ohm is now inserted in
series with the armature while the shunt field current is unchanged. Neglecting the effects
of rotational losses and armature reaction, calculate the resultant armature current and
the fractional speed change of the motor.

97. A 220 V shunt motor has armature and field resistances of 0.2 ohm and 220 ohm,
respectively. The motor is driving load torque, TL n^2 and running at 1000 rpm drawing
10 A current from the supply. Calculate the new speed and armature current if an
external armature resistance of value 5 ohm is inserted in the armature circuit. Neglect
armature reaction and saturation.

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 98. Initially a d.c shunt motor having ra = 0.5 ohm and Rf = 220 ohm is running at 1000 rpm
drawing 20 A from 220 V supply. If the field resistance is increased by 5%, calculate the
new steady state armature current and speed of the motor. Assume the load torque to be
constant.

99. A 220 V d.c series motor has armature and field resistances of 0.15 ohm and 0.10 ohm
respectively. It takes a current of 30 A from the supply while running at 1000 rpm. If an
external resistance of 1 ohm is inserted in series with the motor, calculate the new steady
state armature current and the speed. Assume the load torque remains constant.

100. A 220 V d.c series motor has armature and field resistances of 0.15 ohm and 0.10 ohm
respectively. It takes a current of 30 A from the supply while running at 1000rpm. If a
diverter resistance of 0.2 ohm is connected across the field coil of the motor, calculate
the new steady state armature current and the speed. Assume the load torque remains
constant.

101. A 200 V, d.c shunt machine has an armature resistance of 0.5 ohm and field resistance of
200 ohm. The machine is running at 1000 rpm as a motor drawing 31 A from the supply
mains. Calculate the speed at which the machine must be driven to achieve this as
generator.