Hortatory Exposition

Hortatory exposition is a text written with the intention to explain what

should happen and should not happen. Hortatory exposition can be found
in science books, journals, magazines, newspaper articles, academic
lectures, research reports, etc. To reinforce the explanation given, the
author usually gives an opinion that underlies the explanation.
Hortatory exposition is a piece of writing that requires you to accept the
writers' point of view.

Generic Structure:
1. Thesis statement: Issues raised in the text.
2. Arguments: Opinions related to issues.
3. Recommendation: advice about what should happen and not.
Language features:
1.Simple Present Tense
2. Modals
3. Action verbs
4. Thinking verbs
5. Adverbs
6. Adjective
7. Technical terms
8. General and abstract noun
9. Connectives/transition
Communicative Purpose : To put forward a viewpoint about something
Contoh hortatory exposition:
The Effects of Social Media Networking for Teenagers
Thesis:
Social media networking are already popular among teenagers who use any kind of gadget
and smart phone. It brings some effects to their development. It could bring bad effects if
they are not guided to use it wisely.
Argument 1:
Teenagers could be difficult to concentrate and focus when they are studying. They
can be very dependent on it.
Argument 2:
It could lead the teenagers to be absent in the direct socialization process in which it
is more important at their age to build their social skill.
Recommendation:
Considering some facts above, let us reduce the bad impacts of the use of social
media networking for teenagers:
 1. It needs parents’ involvement in controlling their teenagers’ activity on social
media networking.
2. Parents should direct their teenagers to join activities which attract their
interest.
3. Parents should have more conversations with their teenagers.

Analytical Exposition
Analytical exposition text is a text that describes the author's ideas about the
surrounding phenomena. The aim is to invite readers to care about what is being
discussed and give their attention to the issue. The difference with the hortatory
exposition is the advice given. Because, in analytical exposition there is no
suggestion, just give a conclusion at the end of the text.

Generic Structure:
1. Thesis statement: a statement describing the topic in the text and
showing the position of the author and also the opinion framework of the
author.
2. Arguments: opinions that support the main topic.
3. Conclusion: conclusion from what has been explained.
Language Features:
•Use of simple present tense.
• Use of relational processes.
• Use of internal conjunction to state argument.
• Reasoning through casual conjunction or nominalization
Communicative Purpose : To persuade the readers to agree with the writer.

Example of hortatory exposition about Country Concern / Kepedulian Negara

Thesis
  In all discussion over the removal of leaded vehicles from petrol (and atmosphere)
there doesn’t seem to have been any mention of the difference between driving in the
city and the country.

Argument 1
While I realize my leaded petrol car is polluting the air wherever I drive, I feel that when you
travel through the country, where you only see another car every five to ten minutes, the problem

Argument 2
  Those who want to penalize older, leaded petrol vehicles and their owners don’t seem to
appreciate that in the country there is no public transport to fall back upon and one’s own vehicle
is the only way to get about.

Recommendation
is not as severe as when traffic is concentrated on city roads.
  I feel that country people, who often have to travel huge distances to the nearest town and who
already spend a great deal of money on petrol, should be treated differently to the people who
live in the city.

Pengertian Teks Eksposisi

Pengertian teks eksposisi adalah teks yang berisi paragraf atau karangan yang didalamnya
terkandung sejumlah Pengetahuan dan informasi yang disajikan secara singkat, padat, akurat
dan tentunya mudah untuk dipahami. Paragraf atau teks eksposisi bersifat real, nyata dan Ilmiah
atau dapat dikatakan sebagai teks non fiksi.

Tujuan Teks Eksposisi

Teks eksposisi memiliki tujuan untuk memaparkan atau menjelaskan sejelas-jelasnya mengenai
sejumlah informasi tertentu kepada para pembaca, sehingga dengan membaca teks eksposisi
maka pembaca akan mendapatkan pengetahuan secara rinci dari suatu hal atau kejadian.

Ciri-Ciri Teks Eksposisi

Sama seperti teks pada umumnya, teks eksposisi memiliki beberapa ciri-ciri umum teks
eksposisi. Ciri-cici ini digunakan untuk membedakan dan menentukan apakah sebuah teks
tergolong dalam teks eksposisi atau bukan. Ciri-ciri teks eksposisi adalah sebagai berikut:

 Menjelaskan informasi atau pengetahuan tentang suatu hal

 Gaya informasi yang bersifat mengajak 

 Penyampaian menggunakan bahasa baku dan disampaikan secara lugas 

 Bersifat netral atau tidak memihak 

 Fakta dipakai sebagai alat kontritasi dan alat kontribusi 

Struktur Teks Eksposisi

Struktur teks eksposisi umumnya terdiri dari 4 bagian utama yakni pembukaan, isi, argumentasi,
dan penegasan ulang. Adapun penjelasan tentang susunan teks eksposisi adalah sebagai
berikut ini:

 Pembukaan : Struktur teks eksposisi yang pertama merupakan pembukaan atau sering
disebut dengan orientasi. Pada bagian ini kita akan melihat pandangan awal yang ditulis
oleh penulis tentang sebuah permasalahan dengan rangkaian yang sangat relevan.

 Isi (Thesis) : Thesis merupakan isi dari teks eksposisi yang berisi tentang kumpulan
pendapat orang lain yang dianggap lebih ahli terkait permasalahan dan pokok bahasan
yang tengah dibahas. Untuk mengidentifikasi struktur teks eksposisi yang satu ini sangat
mudah, kita dapat mengidentifikasi thesis dengan memperhatikan pemilihan katanya.
seperti contoh "berdasarkan penuturan" dan lain sebagainya.
  Argumentasi : Argumentasi adalah struktur teks eksposisi yang memuat tentang bukti
bukti relevan yang mendukung thesis atau isi dari teks eksposisi ini. Umumnya
argumentasi akan mengandung fakta fakta relevan yang berkaitan dengan pokok
bahasan seperti tanggal, latar, narasumber, dan penggunaan angka angka yang
umumnya bersifat konkrit.

 Penegasan ulang: Penegasan ulang memuat kesimpulan yang meliputi pembukaan,

thesis hingga argumentasi yang disampaikan penulis yang tentunya disampaikan dengan
bahasa yang berbeda dan lebih singkat.

Jenis-jenis Teks Eksposisi

Dalam pembahasannya teks eksposisi dibagi menjadi beberapa jenis. Setiap jenis teks eksposisi
ini memiliki pengertian dan penggunaan yang berbeda antara satu sama lain. Secara umum teks
eksposisi dapat diklasifikasikan menjadi beberapa jenis diantaranya :

 Teks Eksposisi ilustrasi : Menggunakan penggambaran sederhana atau bentuk konkret

dari suatu ide. Mengilustrasikan sesuatu yang memiliki kesamaan sifat. Menggunakan
frasa penghubung.

 Teks Eksposisi berita : Memberikan informasi dari suatu kejadian, teks eksposisi ini
sering dijumpai dalam berita atau surat kabar.

 Teks Eksposisi perbandingan : Menerangkan ide atau gagasan pada kalimat utama
dengan metode perbandingan.

 Teks Eksposisi proses : Berisi tentang panduan atau tata cara membuat sesuatu.

 Teks Eksposisi definisi : Berisi tentang pengertian dari suatu obyek.

 Teks Eksposisi pertentangan, berisi pertentangan antara sesuatu obyek dengan obyek
yang lain. biasa menggunakan frasa penghubung “akan tetapi, meskipun begitu,
sebaliknya.”

 Teks Eksposisi analisis : proses memisah-misahkan suatu masalah dari suatu gagasan
utama menjadi beberapa sub-bagian, Kemudian melakukan pengembangan secara
berurutan.
Definition of Exposition Text
Definition of exposition text is a text that contains paragraphs or essays which
contain a number of knowledge and information which are presented in brief, solid,
accurate and certainly easy to understand. Exposition paragraphs or texts are real,
real and scientific or can be said to be non-fiction texts.
Purpose of the Exposition Text
Exposition text has the aim to explain or explain clearly about a certain amount of
information to the reader, so that by reading the exposition text the reader will get
detailed knowledge of an event or event.

Characteristics of the Exposition Text

Just like the text in general, the exposition text has some general characteristics of
the exposition text. These characteristics are used to distinguish and determine
whether a text belongs to the exposition text or not. The characteristics of the
exposition text are as follows:
• Explain information or knowledge about something
• Inviting information style
• Submission using standard language and delivered straightforwardly
• Are neutral or impartial
• Facts are used as tools of contradiction and tools of contribution
Structure of Exposition Text
The exposition text structure generally consists of 4 main parts namely opening,
content, argumentation and reaffirmation. The explanation of the exposition text
arrangement is as follows:
• Opening: The first exposition text structure is an opening or often called orientation.
In this section we will look at the initial views written by the author about a problem
with a very relevant series.
• Content (Thesis): Thesis is the content of the exposition text which contains a
collection of opinions of other people who are considered more expert in relation to
the issues and topics being discussed. To identify the structure of the exposition text
this one is very easy, we can identify the thesis by considering the selection of the
words. like the "narrative based" example,etc.

Argumentation: Argumentation is an exposition text structure that contains relevant

evidence that supports the thesis or content of this exposition text. Generally
arguments will contain relevant facts relating to the subject matter such as date,
setting, resource person, and the use of numerical figures which are generally
concrete.
• Reaffirmation: Reaffirmation includes conclusions which include the opening, the
thesis, and the arguments presented by the author which are delivered in different
and shorter languages.
Types of Exposition Text
In the discussion the exposition text is divided into several types. Each type of
exposition text has different meanings and uses. In general, exposition text can be
classified into several types including:
• Exposition exposition text: Use simple depictions or concrete forms of an idea.
Illustrate something that has similar properties. Use connecting phrases.
• News exposition text: Providing information from an event, this exposition text is
often found in news or newspapers.
• Comparative exposition text: Describe ideas or ideas in the main sentence with the
comparison method.
• Exposition text process: Contains guidelines or procedures for making things.
• Exposition text definition: Contains the meaning of an object.
• Exposition text contradicts, contains contradictions between objects with other
objects. used to use connecting phrases "however, even so, on the contrary."
• Exposition text analysis: the process of dividing a problem from a main idea into
several sub-sections, then developing sequentially.

Smoking should Be Banned In Public Area

 (Thesis)

Have you ever come home with the stench of smoke clinging to your clothes? Or inhaled a
cloud of smoke as a group of smokers passed, causing you to cough and choke? Neither
experience is pleasant, and this is why smoking should be banned in public areas.

(Argument)

Many countries today have laws that prohibit smoking in public places. It is because smoking
affects not only the person who smoke but also non smokers as well.

(Argument)

Secondhand smoke is the third leading cause of preventable death (after active smoking and
alcohol), according to the Manitoba Medical Association. They also say that the smoke
contains over 4,000 chemicals, 50 of which are known to be cancer-related.

(Argument)

Secondhand smoke has been linked to heart and respiratory disease; lung, breast, cervical,
and nasal sinus cancers; strokes and miscarriages.

(Argument)

In children, dangers include sudden infant death syndrome, fetal growth impairment,
bronchitis, pneumonia, asthma and middle-ear disease.

(Reiteration)

Smoking is a dangerous habit that not only affects the smoker, but those around him or her.
Banning the smoking in public will keep non-smokers safer. People who smoke subject
themselves to deadly diseases by choice. Why should non-smokers be forced to be around
it?