Hydrology

HYDRAULIC PARTICULARS:
1 Catchment area
Free = 34.000 Sq.miles.
Intercepted = 198.000 Sq.miles.
Total = Free+ 50% of Intercepted
Total = 133.000 Sq.miles.
2 Max. flood discharge = 48193.45 Cusecs
= 1365.000 Cumecs
3 F.T.L. = 100.576 m
4 MWL = 103.036 m
5 TWL = 102.140 m
6 OMFL = 0.000 m
7 U/s and D/s Bed level = 98.776 /98.700 m
8 Length of the Check dam = 160.000 m
9 Height of Body wall H = 1.80 m
Max. Flood discharge = 1365.000 Cumec
MAXIMUM FLOOD DISCHARGE :
C.A = 133.000 Sq. miles.
As per Dicken's formula
Q1 = 1060 x ( 34.000 ) 0.75 ( vide C.D.O.'s guide lines )
= 14925.0245 Cusecs X 0.6 8955.01470687512

Q1 = 422.626 Cumecs X 0.6 253.575384592245
Q2 = 1060 x ( 99.000 ) 0.75 ( vide C.D.O.'s guide lines )
= 33268.4266 Cusecs
Q1 = 942.048 Cumecs
Q = Q1+Q2 = 1364.674 Cumecs
Say Q = 1365.00 Cumecs

HEAD OVER CREST:
For 100% discharge
Q = C*Le*H3/2
Where C = 2.21
Le = 160.00 m
Q = C x Le x H3/2
1365.000 = 2.210 x ( 160.0 x h 3/2

)
h 3/2
= 3.86 m
h = 2.4608 m
Say = 2.460 m
For 75% discharge

Q = C*Le*H3/2
Where C = 2.21
Le = 160.00 m
Q = C x Le x H3/2
1023.750 = 2.210 x ( 160.0 x h 3/2

)
h 3/2
= 2.90 m
h = 2.0314 m
Say = 2.030 m
For 50% discharge

Q = C*Le*H3/2
Where C = 2.21
Le = 160.00 m
Q = C x Le x H3/2
682.500 = 2.210 x ( 160.0 x h 3/2

)
h 3/2
= 1.93 m
h = 1.5502 m
Say 1.550 m
For 25% discharge

Q = C*Le*H3/2
Where C = 2.21
Le = 160.00 m
Q = C x Le x H3/2
341.250 = 2.210 x ( 160.0 x h 3/2

)
h 3/2
= 0.97 m
h = 0.9766 m
Say = 0.980 m
Tail channel: FOR 100% DISCHARGE
+ 102.140
3.000
+ 98.700
160.000
D/s Bed Level =+ 98.700 m

Discharge'Q' = 1365.000 cumecs
Bed width = 160.000 mts.
Depth = 3.440 mts.
Side slopes = 1.5 : 1
Bed fall = 1500
Coef. Of Rugosity = 0.025
Area = (b+n*d)*d
A = 568.150 m²
PERIMETER = b+2*(1+n*n)^0.5*d
P = 172.403 mts.
R = A/P
R = 3.295 mts.
R^2/3 = 2.215
V = 1/n*R^2/3*S^1/2
V = 2.287 mts/sec
Q = V*A
Q = 1299.359 cumecs
Revise
+ 101.593
3.000
+ 98.700
160.000

Depth = 2.893 mts.
Bed fall = 1500
Area = (b+n*d)*d
A = 475.430 m²
P = 170.431 mts.
R = A/P
R = 2.790 mts.
R^2/3 = 1.982
V = 1/n*R^2/3*S^1/2
V = 2.047 mts/sec
Q = V*A
Q = 973.205 cumecs
Revise
+ 100.990
2.290
+ 98.700
160.000

Depth = 2.290 mts.
Bed fall = 1500
Area = (b+n*d)*d
A = 374.270 m²
P = 168.257 mts.
R = A/P
R = 2.224 mts.
R^2/3 = 1.704
V = 1/n*R^2/3*S^1/2
V = 1.760 mts/sec
Q = V*A
Q = 658.715 cumecs
Revise
+ 100.199
1.499
+ 98.700
160.000

Depth = 1.499 mts.
Bed fall = 1500
Area = (b+n*d)*d
A = 243.260 m²
P = 165.406 mts.
R = A/P
R = 1.471 mts.
R^2/3 = 1.293
V = 1/n*R^2/3*S^1/2
V = 1.336 mts/sec
Q = V*A
Q = 324.995 cumecs
Revise
LOOSENESS FACTOR CALCULATION
1 Maximum flood Discharge = 1365.00 cumecs

Lacey's regime width = 4.83 Q
= 178.449 m
60% of lacey's width = 107.069 m
Total width provided b/n abutment = 160 m
Looseness Factor = 160
178.449
= 0.897
Since, the looseness factor is greater than 1, the scour depth calculations are
worked out using 0.475 (Q/f )1/3
Intensity of discharge, q = 1365.00

160
= 8.531
U/S f = 1.000
Scour depth , R = 0.475 (Q/f )1/3
= 5.269 m
1.00x R = 5.269 m
U/S MFL = 103.036
Cut off Level = 103.036 - 5.269
= 97.767 m = 100.000 M
D/S f = 1.000
Scour depth , R = 0.475 (Q/f )1/3
= 5.269 m
1.25 x R = 6.58625 m
D/S MFL = 102.14
Cut off Level = 102.14 - 6.58625
= 95.55375 m = 97.000 M
FOR 100 %L DISCHARGE CONDITION
U/S FSL +103.036

D/S 102.140
D/S CBL +98.700
No. of vents 1
Width of each vent way 160.00 m
FULL Discharge = 1365.000 cumecs
Percentage of Dischar = 100 %
Width of vent way = 160.000 m + 102.140
Discharge = 1365.000 Cumecs
Bed width = 160.000 mts. 3.440
Bed fall = 1in 1500 98.700
n = 0.025 160.000
side slope = 1.5 :1
Assuming d as = 3.440 mts.
Area = (b+n*d)*d
Area = 568.150 m 2
Perimeter = b+2*1.803*d
Perimeter = 172.403 m
R = A/P
R = 3.295 m
R^2/3 = 2.215 m
V = (1/n)*(R^2/3)*(1/S)^1/2
V = 2.287
Discharge = V*A Cumecs
Q = 1299.359 > 1365.000
Hence assumed depth of flow is o.k
CALCULATION OF D1 AND D2 (FOR 100% DISCHARGE )

(AS PER IS:4997)
Full discharge 1365.000 cumecs

% of discharge 100
Discharge,Q = 1365.000 Cumecs
U/S water level = 103.036
D/S T.W.L = 102.140
Length of weir,L = 160.000 m
Assumed D1 = 0.780 m
U/S Va2 / 2g = 0.000 m (Vel. head at Approach)
D/S Vt2 / 2g = 0.000 m (Vel. head at D/S, tail channel)
Discharge/m, q = Q/L ----> = 8.531 Cumec/m

V1 = q / D1 ----> = 10.944 m/s
Fr = V1 / (g.D1)1/2 = 3.958
D2 = D1/2((1+8F ) - 1)
2 0.5
= 3.991 m
D/S T.E.L ---> = D/S TWL + D/S Vt2/2g = 102.140
U/S T.E.L ---> = U/S WL + U/S Va /2g 2
= 103.036
Head loss HL = U/S TEL - D/S TEL = 0.896 m
Critical Depth Dc = (q2 / g)1/3 ----> = 1.950 m -1.76
Head loss, HL = (D2-D1)3 / 4.D1.D2 = 2.661 m

(calculated using D1 & D2)
Basin floor level = D/S TWL - D2 ----> = 98.149
FOR 3/4 (75%)DISCHARGE CONDITION

Bed width = 160.000 mts. 2.893
Bed fall = 1in 1500 98.700
n = 0.025 160.000
side slope = 1.5 :1
Area = (b+n*d)*d
Area = 475.434 m 2
R = A/P
R = 2.790 m
R^2/3 = 1.982 m
V = (1/n)*(R^2/3)*(1/S)^1/2
V = 2.0466
Q = 973.045 > 1023.75
CALCULATION OF D1 AND D2 (FOR 75% DISCHARGE )

(AS PER IS:4997)

% of discharge 75
D/S T.W.L = 101.593
D/S Vt / 2g
2
= 0.000 m (Vel. head at D/S, tail channel)

V1 = q / D1 ----> = 10.192 m/s
Fr = V1 / (g.D1)1/2 = 4.107
D2 = D1/2((1+8F2)0.5 - 1) = 3.346 m
U/S T.E.L ---> = U/S WL + U/S Va2/2g = 102.606

FOR 1/2(50%) DISCHARGE CONDITION

Bed width = 160.000 mts. 2.290
Bed fall = 1in 1500 98.700
n = 0.025 160.000
side slope = 1.5 :1
Area = (b+n*d)*d
Area = 374.266 m 2
R = A/P
R = 2.224 m
R^2/3 = 1.704 m
V = (1/n)*(R^2/3)*(1/S)^1/2
V = 1.7599
Q = 658.669 > 682.5
CALCULATION OF D1 AND D2 (FOR 50% DISCHARGE AND ALL GATES OPENED)

(AS PER IS:4997)

% of discharge 50
D/S T.W.L = 100.990
D/S Vt / 2g
2
= 0.000 m (Vel. head at D/S, tail channel)

V1 = q / D1 ----> = 11.356 m/s
Fr = V1 / (g.D1)1/2 = 5.916
D2 = D1/2((1+8F ) - 1)
2 0.5
= 2.960 m
U/S T.E.L ---> = U/S WL + U/S Va /2g 2
= 102.126

FOR 1/4(25%) DISCHARGE CONDITION

Wodth of vent way 160.000 m + 100.1993
Bed width = 160.000 mts. 1.499
Bed fall = 1in 1500 98.700
n = 0.025 160.000
side slope = 1.5 :1
Area = (b+n*d)*d
Area = 243.261 m 2
R = A/P
R = 1.471 m
R^2/3 = 1.293 m
V = (1/n)*(R^2/3)*(1/S)^1/2
V = 1.3357
Q = 324.915 > 341.25
CALCULATION OF D1 AND D2 (FOR 25% DISCHARGE AND ALL GATES OPENED)

(AS PER IS:4997)
Full discharge 1365 cumecs

% of discharge 25
D/S T.W.L = 100.199
U/S Va2 / 2g = m (Vel. head at Approach)
D/S Vt2 / 2g = 0.000 m (Vel. head at D/S, tail channel)

V1 = q / D1 ----> = 6.018 m/s
Fr = V1 / (g.D1)1/2 = 3.227
D2 = D1/2((1+8F ) - 1)
2 0.5
= 1.450 m
D/S T.E.L ---> = D/S TWL + D/S Vt /2g 2
= 100.199
U/S T.E.L ---> = U/S WL + U/S Va2/2g = 101.556
Critical Depth Dc = (q2 / g)1/3 ----> = 0.774 m 0.72

LEVEL & LENGTH OF CISTERN
ALL GATES OPENED CONDITION:
S.No. Discharge ' Q ' q =Q/L H L (Difference in d 1(Intial d 2(Sequent v 1=q/d1 Jump level @ d 2 Tail water level Cistern level Froude N d 2/d 1 J. length
CUMECS CUMECS /M u/s & d/s FSL's depth) depth) (D/S B.L+ d 2 (D/S B.L+ d ) (T.W.L -d 2 ) F r=v1/ gd1 5(d 2- d 1)
1 FULL DISCHARGE 8.531 0.896 0.780 3.991 10.944 102.691 102.140 98.149 3.958 5.119 16.055
1365
2 75% DISCHARGE 6.398 1.013 0.628 3.346 10.192 102.046 101.593 98.247 4.107 5.33 13.590
1023.75
3 50% DISCHARGE 4.266 1.136 0.376 2.960 11.356 101.660 100.990 98.030 5.916 7.881 12.924
682.500
4 25% DISCHARGE 2.133 1.356690368621 0.354 1.450 6.018 100.150 100.199 98.749 3.227 4.091 5.478
341.25
However provide cistern level as +98.030 M Say +100.000 M

Length of cistern as 16.055 M Say 12.000 M
EXIT GRADIENT & PRESSURE CALCULATIONS (AS PER KHOSLA'S THEORY)
U/SMWL+ 103.036
+ 100.576 + 102.140 D/SMWL

0.5 :1
+ 98.700 D.B.L
D.B.L 98.776
+ 100.000
0.60 + 98.176 0.80 + 99.200
1.20 0.95 +99.200 3.7 M
0.28 M + 99.050
+ 98.800
+ 98.500
13.00 0.900 0.363 12.000
26.263
+ 95.000
As per cl. 4.7.3 of IS:6531-1994:

U/s nominal floor thickness of 0.60 m is provided.
Exit gradient calculations:
H= 103.036 - 98.700 = 4.336 m

Depth of d/s cut-ff (d)= 98.700 - 95.000 = 3.700 m
Total floor length (b) = 26.263 m
Exit gradient (GE) = (H/d)*(1/(π. λ)) =

where
a= b/d = 7.098
and
λ= 1+ (1+a2) = 4.084
2
GE = 0.1845 or 1 in 5.420
Pressure calculations:
U/S cut-off line:

d= 98.776 - 98.500 = 0.276 m
b= 26.263 m
a= b/d = 95.156
1/a= 0.011
From plate-7th - 5 of CBIP-12:
For 1/a= 0.011
ØD = 6.503 %
ØE = 9.213 %
Ø C1 = 100 - 6.5 = 93.497 %
Ø D1 = 100 - 9.2 = 90.787 %
Correction for floor thickness:

t= 0.60 m (assumed)
d= 0.28 m
correction = ((Ø D1 - Ø C1)/d) *t = 5.89 %
corrected value of Ø C1 = 90.8 + 5.89 = 96.68 %
Interference of d/s cut off on u/s cut off
D= 98.176 - 95.000 = 3.176 m

d= 98.176 - 98.500 = -0.324 m
Correction=
19 * D * d +D
b' b
= 0.718 % (b' = b = 26.263 m)

The correction is positive for the points in the rear and subtractive
for the points of forward in the directioin of flow.
d/s cut-off line:

d= 98.700 - 95.000 = 3.700
b= 26.263 m
a= b/d = 7.098
1/a= 0.141
From plate-7th - 5 of CBIP-12:
for 1 / alpha = 0.1409
ØD = 22.756 %
ØE = 32.954 %
Ø D1 - Ø C1 = 10.20 %
Correction for floor thickness:

t= 0.60 m (assumed)
d= 3.70 m
correction = ((Ø D1 - Ø C1)/d) *t = 1.65 %
Interference of U/S cut off on D/S cut off
D= 99.200 - 98.500 = 0.700 m
d= 99.200 - 95.000 = 4.200 m
Correction=
19 * D * d +D
b' b
= 0.579 % (b' = b = 26.263 m)

The correction is positive for the points in the rear and subtractive
for the points of forward in the directioin of flow.
corrected value of Ø E = 33 - 1.65 - 0.579 = 30.72 %
Calculation of floor thickness:
26.263 m
61.19 30.72 30.72 51.03 38.34 30.72 %

97.40
3.00
0.00
12.000
8.00
0.00
97.40 - 30.72 = 66.67

66.67 / 26.263 = 2.539
(i).Thickness of apron required at 3.00 m from d/s end:

d2 = 3.991
Maximum percolation head =
103.036 - 98.700 - 3.991 = 0.35 m
pressure head = 0.35 x 38.34 / 100 = 0.132 m
thickness of concrete required :
100% of 0.132 / (2.40-1.00) = 0.095 m
provide 0.800 m thickness, including wearing coat
(ii).Thickness of apron required at 8.00 m from d/s end:

Maximum percolation head = 0.35 m
pressure head = 0.35 x 51.03 / 100 = 0.176 m
100% of 0.176 / (2.40-1.00) = 0.126 m
(v).Thickness of apron required at 12.000 m from d/s end:

Maximum percolation head = 0.35 m
pressure head = 0.35 x 61.19 / 100 = 0.211 m
100% of 0.211 / (2.40-1.00) = 0.151 m
1/a=d/b= 0.0105
a= 95.1558
1+(1+a2)1/2
l= ------------------------ = 48.0805
2
1
FD= ----- x Cos-1((l-1)/l) = 0.0650 or say 6.503%
p
1
FE= ----- x Cos-1((l-2)/l) = 0.0921 or say 9.213%
p
1/a=d/b= 0.1409
a= 7.0981
1+(1+a2)1/2
l= ------------------------ = 4.0841
2
1
FD= ----- x Cos-1((l-1)/l) = 0.2276 or say 22.756%
p
1
FE= ----- x Cos-1((l-2)/l) = 0.3295 or say 32.954%
p
SCOUR DEPTH CALCULATIONS
UPSTREAM :
Discharge (Q) = 1365.000 cumecs.

Bed Width (L) = 160.000 mts.
M.F.L./ F.S.L. =+ 103.036 m.
f ( silt factor ) = 0.60 (all soils)
Discharge per mtr. Width ( q ) = Q/L = 8.531 cumecs / mt.
Scour depth (d) = 1.35 * ( q² / f ) ^ (1/3)

(cl: 19.1 of IS:6966(part-I)-1989)
= 6.683 mts.
Max. Scour Depth = 1.00 * d = 6.683 mts.
Max. Scour Level =+ 103.036 - 6.683 = + 96.353 m
However, the cutoffs are taken up to + 98.500
DOWNSTREAM :
Discharge (Q) = 1365.000 cumecs.

Bed Width (L) = 160.000 mts.
D/S F.S.L. =+ 102.140 m.
f ( silt factor ) = 0.60 (all soils)
Discharge per mtr. Width ( q ) = Q/L = 8.531 cumecs / mt.
Scour depth (d) = 1.35 * ( q² / f ) ^ (1/3)

(cl: 19.1 of IS:6966(part-I)-1989)
= 6.683 mts.
Max. Scour Depth = 1.25 * d = 8.354 mts.
Max. Scour Level =+ 102.140 - 8.354 = + 93.786 m
However, the cutoffs are taken up to + 95.000

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HYDRAULIC PARTICULARS:

Max. Flood discharge = 1365.000 Cumec

MAXIMUM FLOOD DISCHARGE :

C.A = 133.000 Sq. miles.

As per Dicken's formula

Q1 = 1060 x ( 34.000 ) 0.75 ( vide C.D.O.'s guide lines )

= 14925.0245 Cusecs X 0.6 8955.01470687512

Q2 = 1060 x ( 99.000 ) 0.75 ( vide C.D.O.'s guide lines )

Q = Q1+Q2 = 1364.674 Cumecs

Say Q = 1365.00 Cumecs

1365.000 = 2.210 x ( 160.0 x h 3/2

For 75% discharge

1023.750 = 2.210 x ( 160.0 x h 3/2

For 50% discharge

682.500 = 2.210 x ( 160.0 x h 3/2

For 25% discharge

341.250 = 2.210 x ( 160.0 x h 3/2

D/s Bed Level =+ 98.700 m

D/s Bed Level =+ 98.700 m

D/s Bed Level =+ 98.700 m

D/s Bed Level =+ 98.700 m

1 Maximum flood Discharge = 1365.00 cumecs

Intensity of discharge, q = 1365.00

U/S FSL +103.036

CALCULATION OF D1 AND D2 (FOR 100% DISCHARGE )

Full discharge 1365.000 cumecs

Discharge/m, q = Q/L ----> = 8.531 Cumec/m

Head loss, HL = (D2-D1)3 / 4.D1.D2 = 2.661 m

FULL Discharge = 1365.000 cumecs

CALCULATION OF D1 AND D2 (FOR 75% DISCHARGE )

Full discharge 1365.000 cumecs

Discharge/m, q = Q/L ----> = 6.398 Cumec/m

Head loss, HL = (D2-D1)3 / 4.D1.D2 = 2.390 m

FULL Discharge = 1365.000 cumecs

CALCULATION OF D1 AND D2 (FOR 50% DISCHARGE AND ALL GATES OPENED)

Full discharge 1365.000 cumecs

Discharge/m, q = Q/L ----> = 4.266 Cumec/m

Head loss, HL = (D2-D1)3 / 4.D1.D2 = 3.882 m

FULL Discharge = 1365.000 cumecs

CALCULATION OF D1 AND D2 (FOR 25% DISCHARGE AND ALL GATES OPENED)

Full discharge 1365 cumecs

Discharge/m, q = Q/L ----> = 2.133 Cumec/m

Head loss, HL = (D2-D1)3 / 4.D1.D2 = 0.640 m

ALL GATES OPENED CONDITION:

However provide cistern level as +98.030 M Say +100.000 M

+ 100.576 + 102.140 D/SMWL

As per cl. 4.7.3 of IS:6531-1994:

Exit gradient calculations:

H= 103.036 - 98.700 = 4.336 m

Exit gradient (GE) = (H/d)*(1/(π. λ)) =

U/S cut-off line:

Correction for floor thickness:

Interference of d/s cut off on u/s cut off

D= 98.176 - 95.000 = 3.176 m

= 0.718 % (b' = b = 26.263 m)

d/s cut-off line:

Correction for floor thickness:

= 0.579 % (b' = b = 26.263 m)

Calculation of floor thickness: