Hazard Sheet 1 Project Safety Planning

Project Safety Planning General

General
A project safety plan shall have been prepared early on in the project. It shall have identified all the site specific issues in consultation with
the customer during the pre-contract phase to enable ABB to ensure that all the necessary resources required to ensure adequate stand-
ards of H&S are maintained throughout the project.
After contract award ABB shall have issued the initial H&S plan to its prospective suppliers who will then be able to price the work based on
the H&S requirements specified in the plan. Once the contracts have been let then the construction phase H&S plan shall be prepared
which shall set out how H&S will be managed on site day to day. This is the responsibility of the site manager to direct how work is organ-
ised and executed on site.

CLIENT CLIENT H&S

REQUIREMENTS

INITIAL H&S
PLAN ABB PROJECT ABB
MANAGER DESIGN
INITIAL
ENQUIRIES
ABB SITE LOCAL
CONSTRUCTION MANAGER DESIGN
PHASE H&S PLAN

ABB
M&E CIVIL
TEST & DESIGNERS
CONTRACTOR CONTRACTOR
COMMISSION

Risk Assessments & Method Statements

Fig 1 - Overview of Project Safety Planning
The purpose of the H&S plan is to ensure that throughout the project lifecycle the following risk exposures are eliminated, reduced or
controlled to an adequate standard.
„ Safety of the structure(s) when completed, i.e. its buildability or operability, will it be safe to operate on completion;
„ Safety of those who will execute the project including the construction workers, testers, commissioning engineers etc;
„ Safety of those persons who might be affected by the project activities during its execution e.g. host employer’s employees, public,
neighbours etc.;
„ Impact on the environment, including pollution risks and noise and vibration or nuisance, (e.g. dust or fume) from the works;
„ Potential for any business interruption as a result of any major potential safety failure;
„ Assurance that the final product or system will deliver the safety and reliability required, including servicing, maintenance and repair
& eventually decommissioning.
Risk assessment & Hierarchy of controls
Risk assessment is quite simply a process where hazards are identified and then the risks assessed and thereafter control measures
implemented in line with the hierarchy of controls which is illustrated below.

Action Comment
Order of Preference
Risk Avoidance

Eliminate

Substitute
(with a lesser risk)

Engineering controls
(isolation) A combination
(containment) of some or all
(limitation) of the actions
(ventilation) may be needed
until the risk is
Administrative Systems adequately
(safe systems of work) controlled
(permit to work)
(training)
(supervision)
Hazard_1 Issue 1

Last resort Personal Protective Equipment

Fig 2 - Hierarchy of Controls

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 Hazard_1 Issue 1

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Project Safety Management
STRUCTURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF AN H&S PLAN
PROJECT DEFINITION
Site Health & Safety Construction Phase New Health & Safety
HIERARCHY OF Project description and scope
Details of work packages
Information Initial H&S Plan Information for
H&S Plan (s)
CONTROLS Duration with key milestones identified from the Customer Customer
Details of any special HS&E requirements
Details of access routes & storage areas
Detailed drawings of existing installation and services PRE CONTRACT PHASE CONTRACTING PHASE PROJECT EXECUTION PHASE PROJECT COMPLETION PHASE
Hazard Sheet 1

Sales function to obtain information from the customer in Project Manager responsible for preparation of project Site Manager responsible for ensuring that there is an up Completion and handover to include identifying and
respect of:
H&S plan setting out Project H&S requirements and to date construction H&S plan in respect of each work providing all the key safety documentation to allow
ORGANISATION
Clear scope and specification. contract conditions. Issued at tender stage to package which complies with ABB H&S plan. Plan to be future safe operation and maintenance by the
Risk Safety roles and responsibilities established in Details of existing installation, services. contractors. To include arrangments for coordination on- supported by risk assessments and method statements customer.
respect of the project team including: site. Formal approval for all projects >$5m. for each of the activities to be undertaken.
Site specific hazards, asbestos, PCB, service routes etc.
Elimination Sales engineer ABB H&S CONDITIONS OF CONTRACT TO BE
Access arrangements.
Project design engineer ISSUED
Project Manager Operational interfaces.
(Includes Customer representatives for coordination on site and
Project Safety Planning General Cont...

OHS adviser
final authority at handover.
avoidance Site manager
Commissioning engineer ABB H&S REQUIREMENTS TO BE ISSUED
by design)

RESOURCES PROJECT LIFECYCLE

Risk Adequate provision for H&S to be made within the project,
Reduction resources to include:

Site supervision
PROJECT
Training, induction and orientation PHASES
Access equipment for working at height
Reduce exposure Personal protective equipment
Occupational health including first aid
Substitution Site welfare arrangements
Site security and storage facilities
Signage ELEMENTS
Engineering Lifting equipment
OF H&S PLAN

INCEPTION
FEASIBILITY
DESIGN
PROCURE
IMPLEMENT
TEST
COMMISSION
HANDOVER
OPERATE
MAINTAIN

COMPETENCE & TRAINING

Project Definition
Project Safety Planning

H&S plan to identify the key competence and

training requirements which may include: Risk
Risk Policy assessments in
General competance (including H&S) in respect of
Design risk assessments including respect of Detailed risk assessment required
Isolation project managers Hazard & Risk construction H&S
HAZOP/FMEA & FTA risks and application of ABB 7 steps
Site managers and supervisors
Scaffolding and working at height
Electrical safety
Organisation
Mobile plant operations
Lifting operations Coordination
Separation/
Segregation Communication
CHECKING & MONITORING
Resources
Routine safety inspection and tours
Corrective actions outstanding Competence & Training
Review of risk assessments and method statements
Risk Reporting, recording and investgation of accidents
and incidents
Checking & Monitoring
CABLE/SERVICE ROUTES

Control Check communication and briefing (toolbox talks)

Project Completion
AS BUILT DRAWINGS & DETAILS OF

by supervision
TEST RESULTS AND CERTIFICATES
SYSTEM COMMISSIONING SIGN OFF

OPERATION & MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

OPERATION & MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

DETAILS OF SPECIFICATION AND SCOPE

DESIGN CRITERIA, DETAILS OF SUBSTANCES,

Physical
DESIGN CRITERIA, DETAILS OF SUBSTANCES,

Appendices
APPENDICES
System
Includes:
H&S File - PRODUCT SAFETY DOCUMENTATION
Site plan with traffic/access routes & storage areas
Human Photographs
Site H&S rules
Emergency procedures
Contact list
Risk log or register
Fig 3
 Hazard Sheet 1 Project Safety Planning

Project Safety Planning General Cont...

Risk Avoidance
Can only really be achieved through design and also project planning.

Risk Elimination
Can be achieved through regular risk reviews and searching for better plant or processes that will deliver good standards of control with
reduced risk.

Risk Reduction
Achieved through
„ Engineering means e.g. separation, screening, enclosure guarding
„ Isolation/reduction by limiting access thereby reducing numbers of people exposed e.g. authorised persons.
„ Substitution of the dangerous by the less dangerous
Risk Control
Risk avoidance, elimination and reduction can only be applied where changes are being introduced or where there is a significant review of
a particular risk. In the general day to day operations the risk control option is the one that is the most applicable as in many cases it may
not be possible to avoid or eliminate a particular risk. In this situation it is necessary therefore to identify other methods of controlling the
particular risk identified through the application of physical, system and human controls. Fig 2 illustrates the general interaction between
these various types of controls.

Physical, System and Human Controls

Physical controls are ones that are generally visible. They might include barriers in order to prevent a person falling or a guard on a
machine. They are generally preferred because they are visible and once installed they will afford a good standard of protection provided
that they are inspected and maintained.
System controls are the things that can often lie behind the physical control measures and can often underpin them. A guard over a
dangerous part of machinery might well be perfectly satisfactory when it is installed but if there is no inspection or maintenance system in
place to ensure that it is operational then it will deteriorate and will ultimately fail. A permit to work is a good example where safety is
achieved by means of a system where the supervisor will carry out a series of actions to ensure that the machine or location is safe before
he issues his authorisation for work to be carried out.
The application of a contractor vetting procedure is also a system based measure.
Human controls are also important as they can and do have a major impact on the safety of any system as systems are operated by human
beings. If insufficient attention is given to the human elements or controls then it is likely that the people who have to operate the system will
cause it to fail through lack of knowledge or skill, and general training as well benign negligence.

Risk Assessment
Risk assessments shall have been prepared prior to site mobilisation in respect of each of the work packages being executed on site. These
should be identified in the pre-tender H&S plan issued to sub-contractors who will be undertaking the work. They in turn will need to amplify
these and incorporate the control measures or precautions into the method statements. Risk assessments should be reviewed as the project
progresses.
An example of a risk assessment for working at height on a transmission pole is given overleaf.

Factors for Consideration in a Risk Assessment

„ details of the activity or task
„ who might be at risk , employees, contractors or the public. Enhanced controls may well be required where the public is at risk.
„ establish the hazards associated with each activity and score them according to the likely consequences assuming no controls in
place
„ then consider how probable or how likely is it that some harm or injury may arise based on no controls.
„ the resultant risk factor will determine if it is high medium or low.
„ define the control measures that are proposed (physical, system or human).
„ if the application of the control measures reduces the consequences then revise the hazard rating.
„ likewise revise the likelihood and then determine the new risk rating with the controls in place.
„ if effective it should demonstrate that with the controls in place and applied the risk is now as low as is reasonably practicable.
Hazard_1 Issue 1

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 Hazard Sheet 1 Project Safety Planning

Project Safety Planning General Cont...

Example
Project Location Date

Work package/activity: Ref no

Assessed Control measures required/proposed Revised Additional
Risk Recommendations
No of staff at risk

risk

Hazards

Risk rating

Risk rating
Likelihood

Likelihood
Activity identified

Severity
Severity
Working at Access to top of Access shall be provided by means of a ladder that Ensure workers are briefed on
height from pole and risk of shall be of sound strength and free from defect. safety requirements prior to job.
transmission falling from
pole height during It shall be inspected prior to use and shall be erected Ensure harness is inspected
stringing of at a slope of 4:1. before use.
cable
It shall be secured at the top to avoid accidental
displacement

The operator shall wear a harness and clip on whilst

working from the top during the connection of the
4 4 5 20 cables. 1 2 2

All harnesses shall be subject to routine inspection

every X months and immediately prior to use and a
record kept

in the event that the operator falls there shall be

adequate means to get him to safety.

Falling objects Safe exclusion zone around area to prevent access Ensure that there is adequate
by unauthorised persons. supervision on site at all times.

Provide a rope and pulley to hoist tools and

4 3 3 9 materials. 3 1 3
Provide a tool belt/bag.

Ensure all persons wear safety helmets.

Members of 4 5 20 Maintain adequate exclusion zone as above. 2 1 2

public at risk
Ensure adequate supervision over operation.

Assessor: Reviewed by Site Safety Officer/adviser Site Manager:

„ Signature and name of the person assessing the risk.

„ Signature and name of the site safety officer who reviews the risk assessment.
„ Signature and name of the site manager who is responsible for the activity/situation.

MATRIX OF LIKELIHOOD/SEVERITY OF RISKS TO INDIVIDUALS (Risk Rating = Likelihood x Severity)

Hazard severity can be graded numerically according the outcome or consequences. So a severity of 1 would represent a superficial injury
and 5 a fatal injury. In the same way likelihood can be graded so that 1 would represent a highly unlikely event and 5 a highly likely event. A
example is given below.

Hazard Severity
Definition Code Description

Fatal injury 5 Multiple or single fatality per event

Severe injury 4 Fracture of a major bone, skull, loss of limb or eye, loss of sight or hearing (permanent), acute illness requiring medical treatment, or any
injury requiring .30 days off work.

Major injury 3 Fracture of the hand, wrist, or ankle, unconsciousness, major burn, amputation of fingers/toes, loss of sight/hearing (temporary) or any
injury leading to 3-30 days off work.

Minor injury 2 Facture of digits, strains and sprains, scratches, cuts and abrasions, bruising, minor burn, general discomfort, minor ill health, allergy,
injury resulting in <3 days off work

Superficial injury 1 Very minor or superficial injury where first aid may be required but no lost time is incurred.

Likelihood of Occurrence
(without adequate controls in place)
Description Code Definition

Highly likely to occur 5 Event is likely to occur if controls are not adequate. Possible weekly frequency of occurrence.

Likely 4 Event is likely to occur at least once a month

Hazard_1 Issue 1

Possible 3 Event could occur at least once every year

Unlikely 2 Expected to occur every few years

Remote 1 Very Rare event likely only every 10 years.

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