SE 01 Intro

SUMBER ENERGI
Chapter 1
Introduction
Reference Book
 Astu Pudjanarsa & Djati Nursuhud,
“Mesin Konversi Energi", Penerbit Andi.
Supporting books:
 El-Wakil, “Power Plant Technology”, Mc-Graw Hill.
 „Energy Conversion“, D.Y.Goswani, F.Keith; CRC
Press
 „Energy Conversion“, Kenneth Weston

Topics covered
Introduction to Energy Conversion
Conventional Energy Conversion
• ICE : Gasoline engine, Diesel engine, & GT
engine
• ECE: Steam generators
• Turbomachines : Steam turbine, water turbine,
pump, compressor.
• Refrigeration and A/C system
Topics covered
Non-conventional Energy Conversion
• Water turbine
• Wind turbine
• Geothermal
• Solar thermal
• OTEC
• Ocean current
• Ocean Wave
• Nuclear energy
Energy Classification
Transitional Energy
• Can be tranferred across boundary and
converted into useful energy.
• Example : heat, electricity.
 Stored Energi
• Energy stored in mass. Can be converted into
other forms of energy through transitional
energy.
The five main forms of energy are:
• Internal
• Chemical
• Electromagnetic
• Nuclear
• Mechanical
 Energy sources:
• Terresterial (Earth)
• Extra Terresterial
Energy conversion
• Any type of energy can be changed into any
other type of energy.
RENEWABLE-
NON RENEWABLE
RENEWABLE:
CAN BE REGENERATED IN A
RELATIVELY SHORT PERIOD OF TIME;
UNLIMITED
NON-RENEWABLE:
CAN NOT BE REPLACED IN A SHORT
AMOUNT OF TIME; LIMITED
Fossil fuels
 Coal, oil and gas "fossil fuels"
 Natural gas: provides around 20% of the world's

consumption of energy
 Gas power stations: produce comparatively little

pollution.
 Fossil fuels: are not a renewable energy resource.

Energy Sources
Four-stroke engine
PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA UAP
• Energi Kimia • Energi Panas • Energi Mekanis

• Energi Panas • Energi Mekanis • Energi Listrik
Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap
(Bahan Bakar Batu Bara)
PLTU Bahan bakar minyak
Electrical Power
Superheater
Feedwater High- Low-
Steam Pressure Pressure
Drum Turbine Turbine
Exhaust
Generator
Water
Walls
Reheater
Steam
Condenser
Insulated tube
Downcomers
Burner Feedwater
pump Flue
Fuel gas
Economizer stack
Water heater Fresh Cooling Water
Induced
Air Header
draft fan
Air
Ash handling Precipitator SO2 Scrubber
heater
Fabric filter
Air Air
Fuel
pump Fuel
Forced
draft fan
Feedwater
Pembangkit Listrik Gas dan Uap
(PLTGU)
Pembangkit Listrik Gas dan
Uap (PLTGU)
Jet Engine
TURBOJET
The different sources of energy
The different sources are:-
1. Fossil fuels
2. Hydro power plant
3. Biomass
4. Wind energy
5. Solar energy
6. Geo thermal energy
7. Ocean thermal energy
8. Tidal energy
9. Wave energy
10.Nuclear energy
World Energy Consumption
Hydroelectric
Biomass
Traditional: combustion of
wood as fuel
• Production of a liquid or
gaseous biofuels
•Biogas from digestion of

biomass in the absence of
oxygen
•Bioethanol from
fermentation, often from
corn, sugar cane.
•Biodiesel from rapeseed

and other sources
Wind energy
Wind : the result of the sun's uneven heating of the
atmosphere
• How it works?
– Wind turbines directly generate electricity
– Quite efficient (not a heat engine)
Windpower
• Each windturbine can produce between 1/4 and 2

MW of electrical power.
• Windfarm needs to be located where there is a
relatively high average wind speed.
Solar
 A solar cell or photovoltaic cell: a machine that

converts sunlight directly into electricity by the
photovolts effect.
 Photovoltaics: the field of technology and

research related to the application of solar cells
in producing electricity for practical use.
Solar Roof tiles
Roof mounted
solar panels
(Solar
century)
Integrated solar tiles

installed by Solar Century Innovative SunSlates
on a current development installation by Solar
in Milton Keynes by English century for Liang Homes
partnership and Bloor
Ocean Thermal Energy
• Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion
(OTEC): solar energy trapped by the
ocean into useable energy.
• The water temperature differs from

surface to deeper into the sea.
• Ocean surface: at least 20 C hotter

than the temperature at a deeper sea
Ocean Thermal Energy
Wave energy
-. WAVE POWER DEVICES extract energy directly from the surface
motion of ocean waves
Geothermal energy
Geothermal energy: heat from within the
earth. We can use the steam and hot
water produced inside the earth to heat
buildings or generate electricity.
Geothermal energy: a renewable energy

source because the water is replenished
by rainfall and the heat is continuously
produced inside the earth
Geothermal energy
Nuclear energy
The sun’s energy is produced from a nuclear fusion reaction in

which hydrogen nuclei fuse to form helium nuclei.
Nuclear energy
 Changes can occur in the structure of the nuclei
of atoms. These changes are called nuclear
reactions.
 Energy created in a nuclear reaction is called
nuclear energy, or atomic energy.
 When the nucleus splits (fission), nuclear
energy is released in the form of heat energy
and light energy.
• Nuclear energy: also released when nuclei collide
at high speeds and join (fuse).
• Nuclear energy: the most concentrated form of
energy.
PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA NUKLIR
• Energi Potensial • Energi Panas • Energi Mekanis

• Energi Panas • Energi Mekanis • Energi Listrik

SE 01 Intro

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

SE 01 Intro

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

SE 01 Intro

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

SUMBER ENERGI

 „Energy Conversion“, Kenneth Weston

 Natural gas: provides around 20% of the world's

 Gas power stations: produce comparatively little

 Fossil fuels: are not a renewable energy resource.

• Energi Kimia • Energi Panas • Energi Mekanis

•Biogas from digestion of

•Biodiesel from rapeseed

• Each windturbine can produce between 1/4 and 2

 A solar cell or photovoltaic cell: a machine that

 Photovoltaics: the field of technology and

Integrated solar tiles

• The water temperature differs from

• Ocean surface: at least 20 C hotter

Geothermal energy: a renewable energy

The sun’s energy is produced from a nuclear fusion reaction in

• Energi Potensial • Energi Panas • Energi Mekanis

You might also like

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.