Earth and

Life Science 11
Earth and Life Science – Grade 11
Quarter 1 – Module 1: Conditions Required for Life to Exist
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writer: Mirasol B. Ortinez

Editor: Ronald Dumapias
Reviewers: Ronald Dumapias, Melannie B. Nanteza
Illustrator: Edison P. Clet
Layout Artist: Mark Kihm G. Lara
Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Aurelio G. Alfonso EdD
OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Victor M. Javeña EdD
Chief, School Governance and Operations Division and
OIC-Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

Education Program Supervisors

Librada L. Agon EdD (EPP/TLE/TVL/TVE)

Liza A. Alvarez (Science/STEM/SSP)
Bernard R. Balitao (AP/HUMSS)
Joselito E. Calios (English/SPFL/GAS)
Norlyn D. Conde EdD (MAPEH/SPA/SPS/HOPE/A&D/Sports)
Wilma Q. Del Rosario (LRMS/ADM)
Ma. Teresita E. Herrera EdD (Filipino/GAS/Piling Larang)
Perlita M. Ignacio PhD (EsP)
Dulce O. Santos PhD (Kindergarten/MTB-MLE)
Teresita P. Tagulao EdD (Mathematics/ABM)

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Schools Division of

Pasig City
 Earth and
Life Science 11
Quarter 1
Self-Learning Module 1
Conditions Required for Life to Exist
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Earth and Life Science Self-Learning Module 1 on Conditions

Required for Life to Exist

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
 For the Learner:

Welcome to the Earth and Life Science Self-Learning Module 1 on Conditions

Required for Life to Exist

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest – This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATION

This module is designed and written with you in mind. This will help you
recognize the uniqueness of Earth as the only planet capable of supporting life. The
scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The
language used recognizes your diverse vocabulary level. The lessons are arranged to
follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them
can be changed to correspond with the other learning materials you are now using.

The module is about the condition required in order to sustain life.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. describe what is a habitable zone and the conditions in order to support
life
2. analyze a fictional solar system and select a planet most likely to support
life; and
3. appreciate all parts of Earth’s life giving process and make an effort in
taking care of this planet.

PRETEST

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of
paper.

1. Describe a habitable or goldilocks zone.

a. It is a region that all gases are present in its atmosphere.
b. It is composed of layers that contains rocks and rare minerals.
c. It is a place where all substances remain in their gaseous state.
d. It is a region around a star that can possess liquid water on its surface.
2. Which of the following characteristics of a planet can harbor life?
a. Active Volcanoes, Hydrogen and Helium, Icy Planet,
b. Greenhouse gases, Thick atmospheres, Terrestrial planet,
c. Radioactive elements, Dust and Particles, Hot atmosphere
d. Presence of Oxygen, Source of water, Differentiated Internal Structure
3. In what temperature can a habitable zone exist?
a. 10ᴼC to 220 ᴼC
b. -25 ᴼC to 0 ᴼC
 c. -15ᴼ to 115 ᴼC
d. 30ᴼC to 220 ᴼC

4. Why Earth’s tilt contribute to the habitability of our planet?

a. By creating hot and cold zones
b. By keeping Earth’s same distance from the sun
c. By promoting weather patterns to support water cycle
d. By controlling temperature and place it in moderation
5. Which of the following is the best way to take care of our planet?
a. Always use disposable plastics in every meal.
b. Use all your gadgets and appliances at the same time.
c. Ride a bike and upcycle your clothes and used materials at home.
d. Do not use scratch papers and buy new notebooks in each quarter.

RECAP

In your junior high school, you have learned about the universe and other
celestial bodies present outside our planet? Let’s have a simple activity to refresh
your mind.

Instruction: Determine your universal address by putting numbers 1-10 in

increasing scale and identify the universal address of a certain location in Pasig.

___________ A. Earth is the third planet from the sun and considered as the only
habitable planet in the solar system.
__________ B. Local Group is a cluster of galaxies which includes the Milky Way
and about a dozen other galaxies, most of which are rather smaller than the Milky
Way.
___________C. The Virgo Supercluster contains thousands of clusters of galaxies,
including the Local Group as one of its smaller members
___________D. The Observable Universe contain a very large number of superclusters
of clusters of galaxies, including our Virgo Supercluster.
__________E. Philippines is a collection of islands located in Southeast Asia.
___________F. Solar system is consisting of our star, the Sun, and everything bound
to it by gravity — the planets Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus
and Neptune, dwarf planets such as Pluto, dozens of moons and millions of asteroids,
comets and meteoroids.
__________G. Southeast Asia is a vast sub region of Asia, roughly described as
geographically situated east of the Indian subcontinent, south of China, and
northwest of Australia.
___________H. Milky Way is the galaxy we live in. Milky Way approximately consists
of 100 thousand of millions of stars. From the center of Milky Way, we are about
30,000 lights years away.
___________I. Your postal address and your exact location in your locality (PASIG
CITY)
____________J. Asia is the world’s largest and diverse continent.
 Pass your answer online. Did you get the right sequence? Now you have already
the idea, you can now write your universal address on your notebook. Let’s try to
identify the image of this place in Pasig.

Universal Address Application

Instruction: Check the box of the right answer.
What is the universal address of this image?

Figure 1: Universal Address of this place

Pasig City Hall, Caruncho Ave, Barangay San Nicolas, Pasig, 1600 Metro Manila,
Philippines, Southeast Asia, Asia, Earth, Solar System, Milky Way, Virgo
Supercluster , Observable Universe, Virgo Supercluster ,Local Group
Pasig City Hall, Caruncho Ave, Barangay San Nicolas, Pasig, 1600 Metro
Manila, Milky Way Philippines, Southeast Asia, Asia, Earth, Solar System,Milky Way,
Virgo Supercluster , Observable Universe, Local Group
Pasig City Hall, Caruncho Ave, Barangay San Nicolas, Pasig, 1600 Metro Manila,
Philippines, Southeast Asia, Asia, Earth, Solar System, Local Group, Milky Way,
Virgo Supercluster , Observable Universe.
Pasig City Hall, Caruncho Ave, Barangay San Nicolas, Pasig, 1600 Metro Manila,
Philippines, Southeast Asia, Asia, Earth, Solar System, Milky Way, Virgo
Supercluster , Observable Universe, Virgo Supercluster ,Local Group, Philippine,
Southesat Asia, Asia
It is nice to know that you can still remember things outside our planet.

There are still so many mysteries to unlock in our universe that cannot be
reached by human knowledge and technology. Our solar system is just one of many
things to explore to feed our imaginations if there is possibility of life aside from our
planet. Let’s explore more the conditions how Earth becomes the best place for us.

LESSON

All things that happened since the beginning of time is very significant to the
existence of life on Earth. The Big Bang Theory and many theories which are
supported by evidences may have explained the expansion and cooling of the
universe. The formation of heavier elements from supernovas and the other little
events, unknown part of the puzzle and detailed processes are essential and might
be the answer on how life existed on Earth. There are different characteristics of life
that enable it to survive in certain environment. Life would not be possible without
the conditions that supported it that may not be present in other planets in the solar
system and the undiscovered star system beyond our home galaxy, the Milky Way.

There are so many characteristics of Earth unique from any planet from the
solar system. Earth, judging from its history has no easy past. Before having
completed the different conditions, it underwent complicated processes that shaped
its environment that is capable of sustaining life. The first and might be the most
important condition is the existence of water. The presence of water allowed the first
photosynthetic organisms to thrive. Organism such as cyanobacteria used sunlight,
carbon dioxide and water to produce biomass and oxygen, an essential component
of the atmosphere. These single-celled organisms would then evolve into the
organism present today.

Scientists believe that water on Earth came from two possible sources: water
released through volcanism and water from the icy meteors of the outer regions of
the Solar System which bombarded Earth. It is also important to note the Earth’s
distance from the sun called habitable zone, allows water in its liquid form. It is a
torus-shaped region in the Solar System, located roughly between the orbits of the
planets Jupiter and Mars, that is occupied by a great many solid, irregularly shaped
bodies, of many sizes but much smaller than planets, called asteroids or minor
planets.

The heat that drives the different systems necessary to support life on Earth
comes from two sources: from Earth and from the sun. Heat coming from the Earth
is caused by the radioactive materials decay inside Earth’s core and mantle and
extruded via active tectonics activities such as volcanism and plate movements. All
solid planets & moons have the same general chemical makeup, so nutrients are
present. Those with a water cycle or volcanic activity can transport and replenish the
chemicals required by living organisms.

Heat is also provided by the sun. As radiation from the Sun enters Earth,
some of the heat is trapped by the atmosphere. This causes the greenhouse
phenomenon needed by plants to carry on with photosynthesis. Photosynthesis also
ensures the right amount and flow of gases on Earth. Without it, there would be too
much greenhouse gases that would cause global warming. Having a right distance
from the sun, life seems limited to a temperature range of -15 ᴼC to 115 ᴼC. In this
range, liquid water can still exist under certain conditions and with a steady input
of either light or chemical energy, cells can run the chemical reactions necessary for
life.
The solar radiation Earth receives every day, however, is not the same
throughout the year. Since the Earth is tilted 23.5 degrees on its axis as it revolves
around the sun in an elliptical orbit, the angle by which light is received on Earth
changes. This result in changes in weather, ecology and daytime called season. The
moon makes Earth a more livable planet by moderating our home planet's wobble
on its axis, leading to a relatively stable climate. It also causes tides, creating a
rhythm that has guided humans for thousands of years.
 Aside from temperature, water, atmosphere, energy and nutrients, there are
still many conditions such as the relative size of the planet and magnetic core that
support the life giving processes of our planet. As we study more the uniqueness of
the Earth, we are staying at home and studying on blended learning but no matter
how challenging the situation is, learning continues and our mind will find answers
to unknown questions that will pop-up on it. This quarantine situation is a best time
to let your dreams come true of becoming aspiring astronauts trying to search for an
Earthlike planet.

Let's feed your imagination!

The city government of Pasig is sponsoring a team to search for another
Earthlike planet that will serve as quarantine facility for those asymptomatic
individuals of COVID-19 and luckily you are chosen. We are ready for our journey!
Let’s start our activities here.

ACTIVITIES
Crash Landing Activity
Activity 1
I. Objectives
A. Analyze a fictional solar system and select a planet most likely to
support life.
B. Describe what makes a planet habitable.

II. Procedure
A. Read the paragraph below.
B. Choose the possible planet you can land on.

Everything is prepared. You've got your spaceship. While on journey,

suddenly it hits a certain asteroid. Luckily, you are passing through the
JAJA System, which consists of a Sun-like star surrounded by seven planets, some
of which have moons. Your ship has barely enough fuel and guidance ability to allow
you to select a nearby place to crash-land. Below are profiles of each of the planets
and moons in the JAJA system. The information is sketchy, but it's all your sensors
had time to collect before going off-line due to the damage caused by the Asteroid.
Good luck! Hope you can choose the right Plane

List of Planets
Which is a habitable zone also known as Goldilocks’ Zone?
Planet A (closest the star) Mass: 1.4 (Earth = 1) Tectonics: Active volcanoes and
seismic activity detected. Atmosphere: CO 2, N, and H2O Average Temperature: 752
degrees C Description: Thick clouds surround the planet. No surface is visible
through the clouds
Planet B Mass: 0.3 Tectonics: No activity detected. Atmosphere: Thin CO 2
atmosphere detected. Average Temperature: 8 degrees C Description: Polar ice caps,
dry riverbeds, and many craters can be seen from orbit.
 Planet C Mass: 1 Tectonics: Active volcanoes and seismic activity detected.
Atmosphere: CO2, H20 Temperature: 30 degrees C Description: Liquid water oceans
cover much of the surface. Volcanic island chains make up most of the dry land.
Planet D Mass: 1.5 Tectonics: Active volcanoes and seismic activity detected.
Atmosphere: N, O2, and ozone layer Average Temperature: 2 degrees C Description:
Cold oceans, covered with ice along much of the globe. Some open water around
equator.
Planet E Gas Giant with one large moon. Moon: Sulfur dioxide (SO 2) atmosphere.
Many volcanoes and hot springs on surface. Temperatures in hot spots can be up to
600 degrees C. Other spots away from volcanic heat can get as low in temperature
as 145 degrees C.
Planet F Gas giant with four large, rocky satellites (moons). Moons have no
appreciable atmosphere. Ice detectable on one.
Planet G (furthest from star) Gas giant with two large moons. Moon 1: Thick
methane atmosphere with high enough pressure to keep a potential methane ocean
liquid underneath. Temperature: -215 degrees C Moon 2: Covered in water ice. Ice
appears cracked and re-frozen in parts, indicating a potential liquid ocean
underneath. Surface temperature -100 degrees C.

III. Guide Question

A. What is the planet of your choice? What makes it habitable?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
B. Comparing the planet of your choice to land in fictional solar system and our
planet, do they share the same in characteristics? How do they differ or in what are
they similar?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

After finding a possibility of an Earthlike planet in our imagination, let us go

back to our solar system and compare our planet to another terrestrial planet that
is closer to it in size and distance.

Venus, Earth and Mars

Activity 2
Direction: Contrast and compare the environmental conditions of the three planets
that are necessary in order to support life.
EARTH

MARS VENUS
 Figure 2: Venn diagram of Venus, Earth and Mars

Questions
1. What are the characteristics of our planet similar and different from Venus and
Mars?
2. Is there a possibility of life in Venus and Mars? Why yes and why not?

What Make Earth Habitable?

Activity 3
Objective: The students should be able to describe the characteristics of Earth that
are necessary to support Life

Directions: Complete the diagram by writing down a brief description of how each
important factor makes the earth habitable. Write your answers inside the figure.

WHAT MAKES
EARTH THE
HABITABLE?

Figure 3 : Diagram of what makes the Earth Habitable

To summarize the lesson, let’s do the wrap-up activity below.

WRAP–UP

Direction: Match Column A with the correct answer on column B. Write only the
letter of the correct answer on the space provided.

A B

_____1. Influences how quickly atoms & molecules move. a. atmosphere

_____2. Traps heat, shields the surface from harmful radiation. b. light

_____3. It is a liquid form in a habitable zone. c. nutrients

_____4. It is used to build and maintain an organism’s body. d. temperature

_____5. It is necessary in food-making process of the plants. e. water

VALUING
We humans are so lucky for having Earth as our home. The Earth has all the
requirements capable of supporting living things. In return, as a way of giving back
to our precious planet in its ways of sustaining wellness and continuity of rendering
its life-giving processes. Let’s do some of the thoughtful, cool and quirky activities
of some young adults and teens that will benefit Earth and ourselves in economical
and healthy way. It might be a little way of rendering our effort but it might be a big
help in saving the future.
1. Take a walk or ride a bike
Due to the threat of COVID-19, it is safer to have an alone time in doing your
important task. If you are not restricted to go out because of your age and health
status and you need to attend a significant matter, you can walk or ride a bike going
to your destination. If you don’t have a bike, borrow to your dear friend or cousin
but be sure to return it in a good condition the way you borrowed it and of course a
heartfelt thanks for letting you used it on your purpose. Walking is a good exercise
that would benefit your cardiovascular system enabling you heart to pump faster
and stronger moving oxygen rich-blood more efficiently to all the muscles, organs
and tissues throughout your body. There are still many advantages of walking and
biking aside from decreasing your transportation expenses.
2. Upcycle old clothes and used house materials
Teenagers in this generation are so much hooked with the outfit of the day
dilemma. Much as it costly and a bit stressful in finding your next wardrobe,
upcycling is the best solution on that and can greatly help our planet, by reducing
the usage of raw materials. Upcycling is described by some as reusing a material
without degrading the quality and composition of the material for its next use. Of
course you can also donate your old clothes or sale it in a thrift store for some
beneficiaries instead of throwing it in a trash can. Kindness has many forms.

3. Find out what celebrities and other people are doing in helping our
planet
Look for role models in Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and other social media
application. Take a stand, support and gain ideas on how take care of our planet.
Use Hashtags as a sign that you are one of them in taking care of our planet.

After reading the suggested activities, choose one or more activity that you
can do and have a challenge to share it with your friends and families. You can also
invent your own way of caring our planet. Make it your “My Day” on messenger or
post it. Make every day an Earth day
 POSTTEST

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate
sheet of paper.
1. Which of the following is known as a Goldilocks Zone?
a. It refers to the zone nearest to the Sun.
b. It refers to the habitable zone around a star where the temperature is just
right - not too hot and not too cold - for liquid water to exist on a planet.
c. It is a torus-shaped region in the Solar System, located roughly between
the orbits of the planets Jupiter and Mars, that is occupied by a great many solid,
irregularly shaped bodies, of many sizes but much smaller than planets, called
asteroids or minor planets.
d. It is one of the largest structures in our solar system—others being the
Oort Cloud, the heliosphere and the magnetosphere of Jupiter.

2. Where is the planet that you can possibly live?

a. Planet A experiences dramatic changes in its day and night temperatures:
Day temperatures can reach a scorching 840 F (450 C), which is hot enough to
melt lead.
b. Planet B is an extreme example of the greenhouse effect. It's scorching-
hot, even hotter than Planet A and average temperature of surface is 900 F (465 C).
c. Planet C has clouds made of hydrogen sulfide, the same chemical that
makes rotten eggs smell so foul and rotates from east to west like Planet
d. Planet D is the only planet known to have an atmosphere containing free
oxygen, oceans of water on its surface.

3. Why Earth is unique from other planets in the solar system?

a. The Earth's axis also tilts with respect to the Sun, causing the changes of
the seasons
b. The composition of the Earth consists of the solid and liquid portion and
gaseous portion.
c. The Earth goes around the Sun in a counterclockwise orbit.
d. The Earth has the ability to support life.
4. How do nutrients support life?

a. These are needed inside the Earth through its endogenic processes.
b. These are chemical substances that help break down food to give
organisms energy and these are used in every process of an organism's body.
c. These are used in volcanism to create earthquake.

d. These are present in the atmosphere to protect the Earth from too much
heat.
5. Which of the following is not a proper way of caring our planet?
 a. Use hashtags in social media to promote recycling and upcycling.
b. Do not buy disposable plastics and always put your meal in a lunch box.
c. Instead of riding in vehicles and other transportation means, ride a bike or
walk.
d. Throw the unnecessary thing and unused notebooks and buy another
one for every quarter.

KEY TO CORRECTION

5. c Choice
4. c Application: Third
3. c J. 10
2. d I. 1
1. c group chat. H. 7
Pretest teacher through your class G. 3
5. b 5. c consult your Science F. 6
4. c 4. d the student. You may E. 2
3. e 3. c depending on the views of D. 10
2. a 2. d answers may vary C. 9
1. d 1. d B. 8
For Activity 1.1-1.3,
Wrap-up Posttest A. 5
What's More Recap

References
Book
Olivar II, Jose Tolentino and Anna Cherylle Morales-Ramos.Exploring Through
Science Series: Earth and Life Sciences Series Phoenix Publishing House Inc.,
2016
Webpages
Crash Landing! Student Activity Sheet modified from
http://www.voyagesthroughtime.org/planetary/sample/lesson5/pdf/5_3_1s
as_crashland.pdf
Earth’s Moon, our Natural Satellite Last updated August 1, 2019
http:// solarsystem.nasa.gov/moons/earths-moon/overview/

Leinbach, Thomas R. Southeast Asia

https:// www.britannica.com/place/Southeast-Asia
Pal, Akash. What is your universal address? Last Modified March 22, 2018
https://medium.com/scientifical/whats-your-universal-address-
5c108a0c015e
What make a world habitable?
https://www.lpi.usra.edu/education/explore/our_place/hab_ref_table.pdf