11 SENIORHIGH

DAVAO INSTITUTE OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION, INC

EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE

Module 1
ORIGIN AND STRUCTURE OF THE EARTH (PLANET EARTH)

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LESSON 1: ORIGIN AND STRUCTURE OF THE EARTH - PLANET EARTH
Earth is the only planet in the solar system known to harbour life. Our planet has a molten
nickel-iron core which gives rise to an extensive magnetic field, which, along with the atmosphere,
shields us from harmful radiation coming from the Sun. In this module, you will understand why this
planet is called the “living planet.”

WHAT’S IN
Just a part of the vast universe is the solar system. From the previous concepts learned,
identify the planets in the solar system in the given illustration. Question: What do you think are the
characteristics of the planet Earth that make it different from all the other planets?

WHAT IS IT
Earth is the only place in the known universe confirmed to host life and is the only one
known for sure to have liquid water on the surface. These are reasons why planet earth is a unique
one: (1) It has liquid water; (2) Plate Tectonics; and (3) It has an atmosphere that shelters it from
the worst of the sun’s rays.

Earth is the only planet in the solar system that has a large amount of liquid water. About
70% of the surface of the Earth is covered by liquid or frozen water. Because of this, Earth is
sometimes called a “blue planet.” Planet Earth is habitable because it has the right distance from
the sun. It is kept warm by an insulating atmosphere, and it has the right chemical ingredients for
life including water and carbon. It can provide water, oxygen, useful biological products for humans,
and has suitable weather and climate.

Earth, Venus, and Mars may have similarities: (1) They all are terrestrial planets, made of
solid rocks and silicates; (2) They all have an atmosphere; (3) They all almost have the same time
to rotate on their axes; (4) Earth and Mars both have water; (5) They all have carbon dioxide; and
(6 All have landforms. Earth, Venus, and Mars have differences: (1) Venus has no water; (2) Venus
and Mars don’t have oxygen; and (3) Earth has life forms.

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DAVAO INSTITUTE OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION, INC

Earth and Life Science
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

Name: ___________________________________________________ Module #: _____________

Grade and Section: _________________________________________ Score: _______________

I - Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the letter of your choice on the space provided
in each item.

______ 1. Why is Earth called “the living planet?”

A. It sustains life. C. It has water at the surface
B. It has atmosphere D. All of the above
______ 2. Which among the set of planets are called terrestrial?
A. Jupiter, Neptune, Uranus C. Earth, Venus, Mars, Jupiter
B. Mercury, Venus, Mars, Earth D. Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
______ 3. What makes the planet Earth habitable compared to other planets?
A. It has soil. C. It has people.
B. It has trees. D. It has liquid water.
______ 4. What makes planet Earth habitable?
A. It has a comfortable distance from the sun.
B. It has an atmosphere that protects from radiation.
C. The atmosphere holds carbon dioxide and other gases.
D. All of the above
______ 5. Why is Earth called a terrestrial planet?
A. It has life C. It is farther from the sun
B. It is closest to the sun D. It is placed at almost the middle planets
______ 6. Which of the following best describes the surface of the planet Earth?
A. a thick layer of hydrogen gas C. cold, rocky, and covered with red dust
B. cloudy and hot with lots of volcano D. mostly water surface with some areas of land
______ 7. Earth is said to be a unique planet. Which answer verifies the statement?
A. It supports life. C. Its atmosphere is mostly nitrogen and oxygen.
B. It is mostly covered in water. D. All of the above
______ 8. Which is supported and sustained by the planet?
A. life C. a rocky core
B. a moon D. an atmosphere
______ 9. How many percent of water comprises the Earth?
A. 15% C. 50%
B. 30% D. 70%
______ 10. Which factors are needed for organisms to live on Earth?
A. temperature and nutrient C. only A
B. atmosphere and energy D. both A and B
______ 11.What characteristics does the Earth have to maintain an organism’s body to survive?
A. Earth has a water cycle and atmosphere
B. Earth has volcanic activities to circulate nutrients.
C. Earth has sub-surface water or molten rock that can circulate and replenish nutrients for
organisms.
D. All of the above
______ 12. What makes Earth similar to Venus?
A. Earth and Venus are the right sizes to hold a sufficient atmosphere.
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B. Venus’ atmosphere is 100 times thicker than Earth.
C. Among all the solid planets and moons, only Earth, Venus, and Titan have significant
atmospheres.
D. Both A and C
______ 13.Which statement about the Earth will help organisms to survive?
A. Earth has no protective equipment like ozone.
B. Earth has layer water only for favorable climate.
C. Earth has man-made natural cycles
D. Earth’s temperature is neither the hottest nor the coldest among other planets.
______ 14.Which distinct characteristic made Earth different from any other planet?
A. It is the only rocky planet.
B. It is the only planet that turns around in space.
C. It is the only planet that has a large amount of liquid water.
D. It is the only planet that changes its structure
______ 15. What does Earth offer to humans in order to sustain life?
A. Earth has abundant plant life. C. Only A
B. Earth has sufficient nutrients from ocean to land. D. Both A and B.

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DAVAO INSTITUTE OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION, INC

Earth and Life Science
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

Name: ___________________________________________________ Module #: _____________

Grade and Section: _________________________________________ Score: _______________

Earth: A Habitable Planet

II - Read the document carefully and answer the questions that follow
Table 1. Factors that make a planet habitable
Factors that make a Not Enough of the Just Right Too Much of the Situation in the
Planet Habitable Factor Factor Solar System

Temperature Low temperatures Life seems to be At about 125oC, Surface: only the
influences how cause chemicals to limited to a protein and Earth’s surface is in
quickly atoms and react slowly, which temperature range of carbohydrate this temperature
molecules move. interferes with the -15oC to 115oC. In molecules, and the range. Sub-surface:
reactions necessary this range, liquid genetic material the interior of the
for life. It can also water can still exist (e.g., DNA and RNA) solid planets and
cause the freezing of under certain start to break apart. moons may be in this
water, making liquid conditions. Also, high temperature range.
water unavailable. temperatures cause
the quick
evaporation of water.

Atmosphere Small planets and Earth and Venus are Venus’s atmosphere Of the solid planets
moons have the right size to hold is 100 times thicker and moons, only
insufficient gravity to a sufficient than Earth’s. It is Earth, Venus, and
hold an atmosphere. atmosphere. Earth’s made almost entirely Titan have significant
The gas molecules atmosphere is about of greenhouse atmospheres. Mars’
escape to space, 100 miles thick. It gasses, making the atmosphere is about
leaving the planet or keeps the surface surface too hot for 1/100th that of
moon without an warm and protects it life. The four giant Earth’s, too small for
insulating blanket or from radiation and planets are significant insulation
a protective shield. small- to medium completely made of or shielding
sized meteorites. gas.

Energy When there is too With a steady input Light energy is a Surface: The inner
little sunlight or too of either light or problem if it makes a planets get too much
few of the chemicals chemical energy, planet too hot or if sunlight for life. The
that provide energy cells can run the there are too many outer planets get too
to cells, such as iron chemical reactions harmful rays, such little. Sub-surface:
or sulfur, organisms necessary for life. as ultraviolet light. Most solid planets
die. Too many and moons have
energy-rich energy-rich
chemicals is not a chemicals.
problem

Nutrients used to Without chemicals to All solid planets and Too many nutrients Surface: Earth has a
build and maintain make proteins and moons have the are not a problem. water cycle, an
an organism’s body carbohydrates, same general However, too active atmosphere, and
organisms cannot chemical makeup, so a circulation system, volcanoes to
grow. Planets without nutrients are present. such as the constant circulate nutrients.
systems to deliver Those with a water volcanism on Venus, Titan, Io, and
nutrients to its cycle or volcanic Jupiter’s moon Io, or Mars have nutrients
organisms (e.g., a activity can transport the churning and ways to circulate
water cycle or and replenish the atmospheres of the them to organisms.

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 volcanic activity) chemicals required gas planets, Sub-surface: Any
cannot support life. by living organisms. interferes with an planet or moon with
Also, when nutrients organism’s ability to subsurface water or
are spread so thin get enough nutrients. molten rock can
that they are hard to circulate and
obtain, such as on a replenish nutrients
gas planet, life for organisms
cannot exist.

Question:
1. What are the factors that make the planet habitable?
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2. What are the characteristics of planet Earth that makes it habitable?

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DAVAO INSTITUTE OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION, INC

Earth and Life Science
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

Name: ___________________________________________________ Module #: _____________

Grade and Section: _________________________________________ Score: _______________

Understanding Planet Earth

III - Compare and Contrast
How is planet Earth similar and different from Venus and Mars? Provide possible
explanations for your observations using the information in the table.

Write your explanation here:

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DAVAO INSTITUTE OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION, INC

Earth and Life Science
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

Name: ___________________________________________________ Module #: _____________

Grade and Section: _________________________________________ Score: _______________

“Terraforming Mars”
IV - Can man change or adjust Mars’ environment to make it more suitable for human
habitation? How? List down your answer on the table.

V - Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the letter of your choice on
the space provided in each item.

______ 1. What makes planet Earth different from the other planets in the solar system?
A. It supports life. C. The atmosphere holds gases.
B. It is mostly covered in water. D. All of the above
______ 2. Which best describes planet Earth?
A. It has people that live in it. C. It has trees that provide oxygen.
B. It has soil where trees grow. D. It has liquid water on the surface.
______ 3. What makes planet Earth a “house” for living organisms?
A. It has a comfortable distance from the sun. C. Only A
B. The atmosphere serves as shields from the sun. D. Both A and B
______ 4. Which is not true in a comparison between Mars and Earth?
A. It has a life mechanism. C. It has carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
B. It has water and atmosphere. D. It has an atmosphere that supports oxygen.
______ 5. Which must be provided for an organism to survive on planet Earth?
A. Mars has larger isolated shield volcanoes than Earth
B. Mars likely cooled more slowly than Earth.
C. Unlike Earth, there is ice on the polar caps of Mars.
D. Unlike Earth, liquid water has not yet been detected on Mars
______ 6. Planet Earth is considered a “blue planet.” Which of the following best describes the
surface of planet Earth?
A. Earth has an atmosphere. C. Earth is covered with red dust.
B. Earth has lots of volcanoes. D. Earth has mostly water on the surface

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______ 7. For many, Earth is different from other planets. Why do you think so?
A. Earth is mostly covered in water.
B. Earth has a comfortable distance from the sun.
C. Earth has carbon dioxide in its atmosphere.
D. It has approximately the same size as that of Venus.
______ 8. Which statements best define planet Earth?
A. It has gases. C. It has a rocky core.
B. It supports life. D. It supports other planets.
______ 9. It was found out that Earth’s surface is covered with water. Approximately, how many
percent of water comprises the Earth?
A. 45% water C. 60% water
B. 50% water D. 70% water
______ 10..Earth can support the survival of organisms. What is/are the factor/s that make/s Earth
habitable?
I. atmosphere
III. temperature
II. energy
IV. nutrient
A. I C. I, II, III
B. I, II D. I, II, III, IV
______ 11. In order for an organism to survive, nutrients are needed. What are the nutrients that
planet Earth can offer for an organism to exist?
A. Earth has an atmosphere and ozone layer.
B. Earth has both a water cycle and nitrogen cycle.
C. Earth has natural activities to circulate nutrients.
D. All of the above
______ 12. Many studies have shown similarities between Earth and Venus. What makes Earth
similar to Venus?
A. Earth and Venus have the same orbit.
B. Earth and Venus have the same diameter.
C. Earth and Venus have the same atmosphere.
D. Earth and Venus are of the right size to hold a sufficient atmosphere
______ 13. What makes humans and other living organisms capable of living on Earth?
A. Earth can provide food for the organism.
B. Earth can protect the organism from any possible threat.
C. Earth’s temperature is mostly hot compared to other planets.
D. Earth has the right amount of temperature, water, good atmosphere, and favorable climate.
______ 14. Planet Earth is considered uniquely different from any other planets in the Solar
system. Which among the given choices correctly answers the statement?
A. Earth is the only planet that changes structure.
B. Earth is the only planet that turns around in space.
C. Earth is the only planet that is mostly covered with water.
D. Earth is the only planet that is mostly made from rocks.
______ 15.What is the reason why every living thing on Earth has the chance of survival?
A. Earth is covered with 65% water.
B. Earth's thick atmosphere consisted mainly of carbon dioxide.
C. Earth has active volcanoes similar to those that are found in Venus.
D. Earth has an ozone layer to protect living organisms from harmful radiation.

EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE | PAGE 8

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DAVAO INSTITUTE OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION, INC

Earth and Life Science
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

Name: ___________________________________________________ Module #: _____________

Grade and Section: _________________________________________ Score: _______________

VI - Creating a Planet: Fill up the data needed in your created planet.

My Planet is called _____________________. It is located in the ___________________.

The weather is _____________________. It would have __________ kinds of organisms.
The individuals who live there are called _________________________.

The individual looks like this. The planet looks like this.

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