THE FACTORS THAT DREW THE ILIGAN COMPUTER INSTITUTE STUDENTS IN

CHOOSING ACCOUNTANCY, BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT (ABM) AS THEIR

ILIGAN COMPUTER INSTITUTE

Iligan City, Lanao del Norte

A Research Paper Presented to

The Faculty of Iligan Computer Institute

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Subject

Practical Research 2

ALMENTO, JENNIFER M.

BALTAR, RUBY G.

BANDULON, MERRY JOY B.

BAYABAYA, RAIZA ELLAH G.

BENIGA, WAYNE ALEXIES A.

CRUZ, JOSH TRISTAN P.

GAMONES, EVE NICOLE B.

MACARAMPAT, NORJANAH M.

MACUD, JASMIN M.

MEDALLA, ERNALYN PEARL JOY A.

October 2020
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter 1 The problem and its scope

• Introduction

• Theoretical Framework

• Conceptual Framework

• Schematic Diagram

• Statement of the problem

• Significance of the study

• Scope and Limitation

• Definition of Terms

Chapter 2

• Review of Related Literature and Studies

The Problem and Its Scope

1.1 Introduction

The Philippines has adopted the K to 12 learning program in order to keep up

with other countries in terms of knowledge and competence in different fields, which

has been the standard education system in other countries for quite some time now.

The said program aims to enhance the quality of learning of students by adding 2

years on secondary education level. The additional 2 years is called Senior High

School (SHS), in which students will be allowed to choose a particular track that is

related to the field or profession that they wish to pursue in the future. Choosing a

track is critical for making a student highly proficient in the field where his or her

chosen track is related to, especially if the student wishes to work immediately after

graduating from Senior High School (SHS).

As most educators say, a mismatch in the track and the student’s interest,

personality and passion may lead to a poorly knowledgeable graduate who will find it

hard to compete in the job market or keep up with other students when he or she

goes to college.

There are currently four career track composed of Academic, Technical-

Vocational-Livelihood (TVL), Arts and design, and sports. The eight learning strands,

meanwhile are Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM),

Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMMS), General Academic Strand (GAS), Home

Economics, Agri-Fishery Arts, Industrial Arts, Information and Communications

Technology (ICT).

ABM stands for Accountancy, Business and Management which provides

student with the skills and knowledge they need to work in the corporate world.
Accountancy, Business and Management (ABM) focuses on the basic concepts of

financial management, business management, corporate operations and all things

that are accounted for Accountancy, Business and Management (ABM) can also lead

the students to careers on management and accounting which could be sales

manager, human resources, marketing director, project officer, bookkeeper,

accounting clerk, internal auditor and more. This senior high school strand is for

student who want to become business leaders and entrepreneurs.

Every student needs to choose a strand they like for them to be able to gain

or be ready when they start the life in college. Mostly, ABM strand suit to students

who love mathematics.

The Accountancy, Business and Management (ABM) strand is not just all the

money or climbing steep corporate ladders, it is also about turning brilliant ideas into

product and services that change the world. Moreover, Accountancy, Business and

Management (ABM) is about using negotiation strategies to guide companies and

consumers to make good business decision. This strand helps to improve students

into a better one.

1.2 Theoretical Framework

There are lot of theories that are presented about the factors of student in

choosing a specific strand that a student will pursue after their junior high school life,

however some of these are very useful that may help a student to look a different

perspective about choosing their strand.

The first theory was introduced by Talcot Parson (Parsons Theory), this theory

was the most common way advocated by advisers, which it analyze a specific skill of

the student. One way to determine the strand that you will take is through identifying

what are the skills that you are capable of doing, it’s hard to do a certain thing if you
don’t have an experience of doing it. The next one is the value, this is one thing that

you must consider when choosing a strand because you must know the advantages

of taking this and you must be practical if this strand will help you to reach your

desired goals in life. The last one is based on your interest and personalities, it is

hard to do a work if you don’t want to that’s why you should choose a strand because

you want to not because you need to or just because that it is the strand that your

parent want you to take. If this strand is based on your personality and interests your

works will be easier and you will not be that stress because you’re doing it according

to your will and you’re enjoying it. This program will help you choose your perfect

graduate job is also called “Propect Planner”.

The next theory is Hertzberg’s Two-Factor Theory. Frederick Herzberg, a

behavioral scientist proposed a two-factor theory or the motivator-hygiene theory.

According to Herzberg, there are some job factors that result in satisfaction while

there are other job factors that present dissatisfaction. According to Herzberg, the

opposite of “satisfaction” is “no satisfaction” and the opposite of “dissatisfaction” is

“no dissatisfaction”. (Herzberg, 1959)

This study wants the students to be more confident in pursuing ABM strand. This

theory states the way of motivation that make the student become more productive.

The researcher made this study to give knowledge and motivation to every student.

Gottfredson’s theory, occupational aspirations are a reflection of one’s self-

concept. People seek occupations that (a) arc congruent with their self-image and (b)

reflect their knowledge of different occupations. This theory describes that students

become attracted to certain specialization. According to this theory,self-concept is the

key to specialization selection. Students tend to choose jobs that are compatible with

their personality. The key determinants according to the theory are one’s social class,

level of intelligence and experiences with sex typing. In the study of Siguan Jr., (1994)

as cited in Sonsona (2012) self-concept was also found significant on the choice of
specialization of students. Another is Holland’s theory of career choice suggested

that people can function and develop best and find jobs satisfaction in work

environments that are compatible with with their personalities. People tend to choose

a career that is reflective of their personality. Holland (1994), suggest that the closer

the match of personality to job, the greater the satisfaction. Holland’s theory places

emphasis on the accuracy of self-knowledge and career information necessary for

career decision making (Zunker, 1994 p. 49) as cited in Abernathy (20

1.3 Conceptual Framework

The conceptual framework in this study was based on the process of our

sampling procedure desired results. In this study, the independent variable includes

the demographic profile of the respondents; age, gender, grade level while in the

dependent variable includes the perception of the respondents on the factors that

drew Iligan Computer Institute choosing ABM as their academic strand.

1.4 Schematic Diagram

Accounting Business Management

MANAGER ENTREPRENEURSHIP ACCOUNTANCY

LEADER

FINANCIAL

DECISIONAL

INFORMATIONAL RESELLER
1.5 Statement of the Problem

1.)What are the people’s perceptions when it comes to Accountancy, Business

and Management (ABM)?

2.)What are the top reasons of student in choosing Accountancy, Business and

Management (ABM) strand?

3.)Why do some parents force their children to choose Accountancy, Business

and Management (ABM) strand?

4.) What are the possible problems that Accountancy, Business and Management

(ABM) students may encounter?

1.6 Significance of the Study

The result of the study is a great benefit to the ff.

1.) Student – Through this research, students will be able to know the

background of Accountancy, Business and Management (ABM) and what

problem an Accountancy, Business and Management (ABM) student may

encounter in the future. This will help them expand their knowledge when it

comes to Accountancy, Business and Management (ABM).

2.) Parents- Through this research, parents will have their confidence to let their

children communicate with different types of business minded people and to

let their children build or handle a business in the future and this strand will

allow their children to have many opportunities in the business world.

3.) Future Researchers – The outcome of the research may serve as one of the

basis for the new theory learning. This research will be a useful reference for
 the researcher who would plan to make any related study regarding Factors

in Choosing Accountancy, Business and Management (ABM) Strand.

4.) Researchers – This research is beneficial to the researchers as well. They

can overcome and accumulate different activities/experience which they can

learn unity/teamwork, expand more unique ideas, develop their self-

confidence and most of all their communication skills.

1.7 Scope and Limitation

This study focuses on factors that drew Iligan Computer Institute students in

choosing Accountancy and Business Management as their Academic strand at their

Senior High School. The data collection will be conducted to selected ABM students

in Senior High of Iligan Computer Institute S/Y 2020-2021 who will represent the

population.

This study will not cover other problems that are not related to Accounting,

Business and Management strand. Each of the respondents is give the same

questionnaires to answer. The results of this study will be applicable to the

respondents and upcoming senior high who’s planning to take up ABM strand in their

Senior High School. The main source of data will be the questionaires, which is

prepared by the researchers.

1.8 Definition of Terms

• Accountancy - is the process of managing the income and expenses of a

business. Manage your accountancy needs with a comprehensive accounting

system such as debtor. The process of recording and summarizing financial

transaction is known as bookkeeping.

business, bering most of the risks and enjoying most of the reward.

• Financial - pertaining to monetary receipts and expenditures, pertaining or

relating to money matters; financial operations or relating to those

commonly engaged in dealing with money.

• Proficient - competent or skilled in doing or using something.

• Mismatch - failure to correspond or match, or discrepancy

• Negotiation - discuss aimed at reaching an agreement in a strategic

discussion that revolves on issue in a way that both parties find acceptable.

• Consumer - a person who purchase goods or services for personal use.

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

According to Dr. Cassey and Laitsh (2006), the most influence in making a

decision in every student is their friends. Their friends affect the attitude of a student

in a negative or positive way. Friends also is the one who always there to a student.

Because every time they go to school, they are always with their friends. They can

also give each other an opinion if what course/track is right for them.

Jackson, G. (2012) The parents is the second one why their child chooses

their child’s course/track. The parents influence their child because they think about

their financial situation if they can afford what their child’s course/track. Sometimes, if

the students follow the course/track that they want to choose, but their parents

cannot allow them financially, they can’t choose a course that they want to.

According to Reynolds (n.d), “there are times that the students choose their

course/track based on their personal interest. The students based their choosing a

course according to their interest. It is good to know if the student chooses their

course according to what they really want. And not the decision of others. Because if

they follow what other people say to them, there will be a situation that they cannot

handle their goals properly.”

The students based their choosing a course according to their interest. It is

good to know if the student chooses their course according to what they really want

and not the decision of others because if they follow what other people say to them,

there will be a situation that they cannot handle their goals properly. “During

your business degree, you’ll develop a broad knowledge of business operations as

well as gaining targeted skills in your specific field, such as customer markets,

finances operations, strategy, business policy, communication and IT. You’ll typically

also be challenged to explore these fields within an international context, though in

particular country or world region.” Laura Tucker (2014)

Splarer (2000) stated that personality plays an important role in choosing of

the right course. Student’s personality must be self-motivated type so that they need

to investigate courses possibilities from early on their lives. Furthermore, personality

is important to have a good understanding of students self and his/her personality.

Research Methodology

3.1 Introduction

In this chapter represents the research methodologies used in the study. This

includes the research design, locale of the study, respondents of the study, data

gathering procedure, research sampling, sampling procedure and the statistical tools.

3.2 Research design

This study determined the factors that drew the Iligan Computer Institute (ICI)

students in choosing Accountancy and Business Management (ABM) as their

academic strand. The research will be used in the descriptive research design. A

descriptive research design describes and interprets "what is." It is concerned with

conditions or relationships that exist practices that prevail, beliefs, and processes that

are going on effects that are being felt, or trends that are developing. (Best, 1986).

3.3 Respondents of the Study

The respondents for this study are selected in Grade 11 and 12 Accountacy

Business and Management (ABM) students from different section in Iligan Computer

Institute (ICI).

3.4 Data gathering

The purpose of this research, in surveys were used. In surveys there are

questions that is about their opinion about choosing Accountancy Business and

Management (ABM), whose aim to an accountant and a business woman. First, the

researchers asked permission from the students to have their survey. In each

selected students there are 20 respondents who will respond the surveys. The

survey starts when the researchers ask questions to the respondents, as the
correspondent finished the survey the researcher immediately tailed the information

and gathered it.