Grade 8 WEEK NO.

8:
7 November 23-27, 2020
SDO LAGUNA STE – P RESEARCH WORKSHEET
QUARTER 1

Hi there my dear student! Today, you and your classmates will begin a new week of distance learning. We are all
physically away from each other do not think that you are alone in this learning journey. There are other students learning with
you too. And also I will closely guide and assist you in your lessons. Please be guided of the following:

 This study guide will help you with the flow of the activity and the lesson.
 Answer the activities on a separate sheet of paper. (Please take care and do not write anything
on your module and other activity sheets.)
 If you see this icon you are free to reach me if you need my assistance. You can find my
contact no. on your class schedule. (You can also reach me out through social media platforms.)
 Expect to receive a phone call or a text message from me for the follow up.
 Compile all your answer sheets at the end of the week and wait for the announcement when to submit them.
TIME ALLOTMENT: 4 HOURS/WEEK
What do you expect to learn in this topic?

1. Formulate a research hypothesis for the problem.

2. Differentiate null and alternative hypothesis.

Lesson: FORMULATING RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS

What is a hypothesis?

A hypothesis is
 A tentative statement about the relationship between two or more
variables.
 A specific, testable prediction about what you expect to happen in
your study. (black & chamions, 1976)
 Must be empirically grounded and lead to the main contributor of
the investigation.
 A proposed explanation for a phenomenon. After identifying a problem, an investigator
 A statement you created when you speculate upon the outcome of proceeds to formulating a hypothesis relevant to
a structure, as the ultimate aim of any experiment. the problem. The hypothesis serves as a
 A statement that predicts the relationship between the tentative solution to the problem prior to any
independent (cause) and the dependent (effect or the outcome) experimentation. It also serves as a guide to the
variables. research work plan or design. A hypothesis is
 Not a final answer, but rather a proposal to be tested and tested by conducting the actual experimentation.
evaluated.

A hypothesis (plural, hypotheses) is consists of independent and

dependent variables. Directions: Identify the manipulated (independent) variable
Dependent variable – the outcome you are interested in studying or and responding (dependent) variable for each hypothesis.
simply the effect. Example: If a person high-fives, then he/she will run faster.
Independent variable – the variable that is producing a change in the Manipulated/Independent variable: High-fiving
dependent variable, or simply the cause. Responding/Dependent variable: Running speed

1. If plants are watered, then growth height will increase.

Learning Task 1: Cause and Effect
Read the following example: 2. If chocolate is given to teachers, then amount of homework will
Problem: Is there a significant difference between the performance of decrease.
pupils and use of manipulatives? 3. If trees have leaves, then bird nests will increase.
Hypothesis: There is no significant difference between performance of 4. If acid rain is in water, then fish population will increase.
pupils and use of maniulatives. 5. If foods with calcium are eaten, then bone strength will increase.
Dependent variable: performance of pupils
Independent variable: use of manipulatives
 Formulating Hypothesis Learning Task 2: Formulate this!
Directions: Underline the IV (independent) and circle the DV
(dependent) and then write your hypothesis in an “If , then” format.
A researcher may hypothesize that there is a relationship between one variable
and another variable based on the given situation or problem. Example: Increased sleep my cause higher grades.
Independent variable: amount of sleep
Following are some hints for the formulation of your hypothesis Dependent variable: grade percent average
1. Be sure to read on the topic to familiarize yourself with it before making a final Formal hypothesis: If the amount of sleep is increased then the
decision. grade percent average will increase because sleep allows students
2. As noted, a research hypothesis is more than just a topic. It has two elements to be alert and focused during class.
(variables) that are in relation to each other. Remember that, within the word
1. Does the amount of iron in the water affect plant growth?
"hypothesis" is the word "thesis." 2. Will toddlers grow taller if they drink more milk?
3. Avoid judgmental words in your hypothesis. 3. Will being in the sun too long without sunscreen cause skin
4. It is best to choose a hypothesis where you already have some level of cancer?
familiarity with the disciplines that are most relevant to the topic. 4. Will the apples be sweeter when the tree gets enough water?
5. Be sure that each term in your hypothesis is clearly understood and defined; 5. Will test scores increase if studying is done every day?
do not deal in generalities or assume that the reader knows the meaning of a 6. Will mushroom grow more if the moisture is increased?
technical term. 7. Does consuming too much salt cause high blood pressure?
6. Specify, if appropriate, whether you will be dealing with state or federal law or 8. Will brushing your teeth for 10 minutes a day prevent cavities?
both on a comparative basis if appropriate. 9. Can plant growth be increased by increasing the brightness of the
light?
7. Know that your hypothesis may change over time as your research
10. Can reading small print cause a headache?
progresses.

Types of hypothesis

A hypothesis is based Let us consider the research problem: The effects of varying temperatures and concentrations on the index of
on the objectives of the refraction of sugar solution.
The questions being investigated is: What factors affect the index of refraction of sugar solution?
study. It is therefore
There are two suggested factors: temperature and concentration
used as a guide in doing Therefore, two hypotheses are to be formulated:
the experimental design. Null Hypothesis Alternative Hypothesis Cause and Effect Hypothesis
It may be stated in any 1. Varying temperatures have no 1. Varying temperatures have a 1. If the temperature is varied, then
of the following: significant effect on the index of significant effect on the index of the index of refraction of a sugar
refraction of a sugar solution refraction of a sugar solution. solution is affected.
a. null hypothesis
2. Varying concentrations have no 2. Varying concentrations have a 2. If concentration is varied, then
b. alternative hypothesis
significant effect on the index of significant effect on the index of the index of refraction of a sugar
c. cause and effect
refraction of a sugar solution. refraction of a sugar solution. solution is affected.
statement

Learning Task 3: Construct the hypothesis…

REMEMBER THIS!
Null hypothesis
Directions: Construct a null and an alternative hypothesis for each A null hypothesis is formulated against the working hypothesis;
of the following problem/ situation. opposes the statement of the working hypothesis.
1. The effects of high temperature on radish germination
Alternate hypothesis
2. The effects of studying with music on student test scores
An alternate hypothesis is formulated when a researcher totally
3. The effects of food color on the amount of food fish eat rejects null hypothesis
4. The effects of amount of light on plant growth He/she develops such a hypothesis with adequate reasons.
5. The effects of students smiling on teacher giving no homework

Reflection Time! References:

Complete the statement below. Almeida, A. B., Gaerlan, A.A., and Manly N.E., (2016) Research Fundamentals: From Concept to Output, A
I learned that ___________________________ Guide for Researchers & Thesis Writers. Adriana Printing Co., Inc.
I realized that __________________________ Caintic, H. E. and Cruz, J. M., (2008). Scientific Research Manual. C&E Publishing Inc.
Zulueta, F.M. and Perez, J.R. (2010) Methods of Research, Thesis Writing and Applied Statistics

You have reached the end of your learning journey for the week. Now, ask yourself.
“Do you need to review and go back to some tasks and concepts that you miss out?
Thank you for joining us in this learning journey…
or May you have more great days ahead! BEST TO YOU! 
Are you ready to move to the next learning journey?”

Prepared by:
Raissa C. Volpane – Plaridel INHS