Information Technology - 10 Answer Key-Part A - Updated
Information Technology - 10 Answer Key-Part A - Updated
Information Technology - 10 Answer Key-Part A - Updated
PS
A. Select the correct option.
1. b
B. Fill in the blanks.
1. Communication
4. Encoding
1. F
2. c
Chapter 2: Communication Cycle
2. Desired goal
5. Specific
C. Write T for True and F for False.
2. T
3. b 4. b
3. Non-specific
3. F 4. T
5. b
5. T
D. Answer the following questions.
1. Communication cycle is a process where a sender conveys his messages to the
receiver and the receiver acknowledges the messages and send back the
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response to it. A communication cycle includes resources such as email threats,
social media outlets, VoIP message outlet etc.
2. Principle of effective communication can be given as:
• Simple language: the language used in communication should be simple
and understandable by both the sender and the receiver.
• Definite: communication should be definite.
• Complete and concise: the provided communication should be complete
and to the point.
• Appropriate medium: A proper medium with several factors such as timings,
the distance between the sender and the receiver.
• Authentic: information given should be factual, avoiding misleading or false.
• Courteous: The sender should be polite and courteous while communicating
which helps in building a healthy relationship.
3. Importance of feedback includes:
• Feedback is an essential factor in the process of the communication cycle. It
is the response received by the sender once the message is clear and
understood by the receiver.
•Based on the feedback from the receiver, the sender can evaluate the
effectiveness of the message.
• Feedback is a vital part of effective learning as it gives clear guidance to the
students how they can improve their knowledge and performance.
• It can enhance a student's confidence, self-awareness, and enthusiasm for
learning.
4. The following points should be taken into consideration to make descriptive
feedback effective as:
• Goal-oriented: Many a time, students are unaware of the learning aim, thus,
they should know what their learning aim is and how they can achieve it.
• Actionable: Students should apply their knowledge in order to avoid losing
interest in learning.
• User-friendly: the feedback should be given in an easy way to understand
the language, otherwise, the feedback provided will become worthless.
• Timely: The feedback needs to be given when someone is still striving for
their goals.
• Continuous: Feedback should be given continuously, along with instructions.
2. Complicated
3. a
3. Listening
4. c 5. c
4. Face-to-Face 5. Feedback
C. Answer the following questions.
1. Two factors which are responsible for causing internal barriers during
communication are:
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Poor listening skills: Poor listeners do not attend carefully to all the information
being given by the speaker which can be both verbal and non-verbal signals,
including intonation and body language.
The difference in perception and viewpoint: The receiver may not look at
things the same way as the person who is communicating, leading to the
disagreement between the sender and the receiver causing the communication
gaps.
2. It is important to overcome communication barriers because they can hinder our
ability to communicate. Also, barriers can hamper productive and effective
communication which can lead to poor relationships, loss of trust,
misunderstanding, waste of time and energy with other such undesirable
outcomes.
3. Care that should be taken while giving the feedback:
• Keep it simple and appropriate to serve the purpose of communication.
• Use the correct language so that the receiver interprets it correctly.
• Avoid lengthy and complicated messages.
• Complete: A complete message will have all the information the receiver
needs to know. To ensure that a message is complete, it is essential to think
of the questions the receiver might have when he receives the message.
• Courteous: The message should convey respect for the receiver so that the
feelings and views of the receiver along with his knowledge, experience, and
age, must be considered. It shows respect for the receiver.
them. Examples: a union (The U at the man; (The H at the beginning of honour
beginning of union sounds like You.) and honest is silent.)
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PS
use word to exchange their thoughts, feelings, or ideas with others. Language is
the most important tool for verbal communication.
4. Encoding refers to how the sender wishes to communicate the message, i.e.,
using spoken or written language, signs, or body language.
5. Verb is a word that shows an action or a state of being. It shows what someone
is doing, did, or will do.
Adverb is a word that modifies or describe a verb, an adjective, or another
adverb, expressing manner, place, time or degree.
6. An article is a word that is used to modify a noun. ‘A’, ‘An’, and ‘The’ are known
as the articles.
7. A sender is the person who expresses his opinion, idea, or message and sends it
to the receiver. A receiver is the person for whom the message is intended.
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8. Simple language should be used to make the communication understandable by
both sender and receiver.
5.
PS • Be sensitive and empathetic and be confident of having the attention and
interest of the receiver.
• Use proper communication channels to prevent noise and other distractions.
• Be sensitive and empathetic and be confident of having the attention and
interest of the receiver.
The information being conveyed through the communication should be clear
because the message is the first step in any communication and it must be as
transparent as possible.
• In order to make it simple, avoid using complex words, sentences, and
confusing language.
• Effective message can be conveyed if the sender has clarity in his thoughts.
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• The message should be easily understood by the receiver; this will happen
when the purpose of communication is clear.
• The message should have a single goal and not a mixture of ideas.
6. Three principles of communication are:
• Content: It refers to the language that has been used in the message and
interpreting the meaning of words differently.
• Process: It refers to the way the message is delivered-the non-verbal elements
in the speech like the tone of voice, gestures, body language and the state of
mind can be identified during communication.
• Context: It refers to the situation or environment in which the message is
delivered, including the physical environment, cultural factors, and
developmental factors.
7. Following Rules should be followed for writing a sentence:
• Use short sentences
PS communicator.
• He can use different non-verbal prompts like body movements, gestures, facial
expressions, symbols, images, signal charts, and so on to express sentiments,
attitudes, or information.
2. If Priya wants to get immediate approval from her father other than phone, she
can use to send a message to her father. Here, the text message can act as a
channel between the sender and the receiver.
PS
A. Select the correct option.
1. c
B. Fill in the blanks.
1. Intrinsic
4. Independent
2. b 3. c
2. Seekers
5. External
C. Answer the following questions.
4. a 5. a
3. Self-regulation
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PS
● She should continue to. Pursue goals despite setbacks
2. Rahul must do some of these stress management techniques to relax his mind
during exam time.
● He should do Meditation. It will bring positivity into his life and helps to restore
calm and peace in his life. Regular practice of meditation reduces stress, anxiety,
and depression. It is a natural and inexpensive way that provides immunity to
stress.
● Meditation will help him to change his perspective during difficult situations.
● Meditation will provide him a stronger sense of motivation.
● He should go for nature walk regularly take some time out of his busy schedule
to appreciate nature's beauty. The fluttering of leaves, the sound of water flowing,
soft breeze, brightly-coloured blossoms—all have a calming effect on his mind.
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● Nature walk will him to calm his troubled mind.
4. A seeker is someone who always wants to know more, to the point where their
mind becomes restless. If you're a seeker you're not just curious -- you are
defined by your curiosity. They do not know who they are, what they stand for,
or how others perceive them. They feel frustrated with their performance and
relationships.
5. It is important to be self-aware because it influences our personal
development. When you are self-aware, you are more confident, innovative,
and empathetic. Your decision-making abilities and communication skills are
also enhanced. Those with enhanced self-awareness can work independently
and become more effective leaders. Thus, self-awareness is an essential
factor in achieving success and becoming independent.
6. Independent people experience challenging life situations without involving
other people. Emotional independence improves their relations with friends
and family and make them stronger.
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PS • Now, a user does not need to remember the lengthy commands or their
syntax as they had to do in Command-line Interface (CLI) or Character
User Interface (CUI).
• Some examples of GUI are: Windows Operating System, Mac OS,
Linux, etc.
2. An operating system is the first program that loads on a computer when you
switch on the computer. It acts as an interface between the software and
computer hardware. It is a special set of programs to manage the overall
functioning of a computer and its resources. Some common examples of
operating systems: Windows, Macintosh (Mac), Linux, DOS, and Unix.
3. Multitasking is the ability of a computer to perform more than one task at a single
instant of time. An operating system that is capable of doing multiple tasks or
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executing processes while using common processing resources like CPU is
called multitasking operating system.
4. Icons, Start button, and Taskbar are some components of the Windows desktop.
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4. Recycle Bin is a folder that holds all the deleted items, if they are not permanently
deleted. To restore a file or folder to its original location, select it and click on
Restore the selected items in the Restore group on the Recycle Bin Tools tab.
5. To delete a file from a folder, select it and click on the Delete option in the
Organize group on the Home tab, or simply press the Delete key after selecting
the files or folders.
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healthy:
• Keep the computer system and its peripherals away from dust and moisture.
• Cover the computer system when not in use to protect it from dust.
• Replace the faulty part immediately.
• Take regular backup of your data. You can use an external hard disk to store
the less frequently required files. You can also use the cloud space for storage.
• Always keep the software updated.
• Completely uninstall the unwanted programs from your computer regularly.
• Keep your anti-virus software up-to-date. Plan a full scan of the system on a
weekly basis.
• Keep the computer system away from direct heat and magnetic fields.
• Always shutdown the computer properly.
9. A virus can cause problems in a computer in many ways. Some of them are
as follows:
• It reduces the speed of a computer by decreasing the memory.
• It causes strange movements or patterns on the screen.
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Brain Developer
PShand, job creators are those who generate jobs for other people. As an
entrepreneur, it is their duty to facilitate new business opportunities of employment
for the people.
For example, when a few IT companies were founded in the 1990s, millions from
other sectors benefitted from it. Businesses in associated industries, like call center
operations, network maintenance companies, and hardware providers flourished.
Education and training institutes nurtured a new class of IT workers, who were
offered better, and high-paying jobs. Infrastructure development organizations and
real estate companies capitalized on this growth as workers migrated to
employment hubs seeking better opportunities.
3. The three most important qualities to become a successful entrepreneur are:
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• The first most important quality is being an open-minded. Entrepreneurs
must take every event and situation as a business opportunity. They need to
continuously generate ideas about workflows, efficiency, people skills, and
potential new business. They can look at everything around them and
reshape it into a path that leads them towards their goal.
• The second most important quality is being risk-taker. It’s a crucial part of
starting a new business. Being easily satisfied will never allow you to
achieve greatness. Entrepreneurs do not let uncertainty and potential failure
stop them from trying. Instead, they look at challenges and risks as
opportunities. They foresee rewards in the risks.
• The third most important quality is confidence. One should not doubt or lose
their confidence while chasing their dreams. They must always show
confidence in their business ideas and believe that their efforts will surely,
sooner or later bear results.
4. The main functions of an entrepreneur are:
• Decision Making: The primary task of an entrepreneur includes taking vital
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business decisions related to purchasing and sale of the finished goods and
services. This further decides the policy of production by determining what
to produce, how much to produce, how to produce, where to produce, how
to sell, and so on.
• Management Control: The next function of an entrepreneur is to establish
the management and control of his business, for which he must possess
good management skills and select the right type of people to work with him.
• Division of Income: Another important function is to make necessary
arrangements for the division of total income among the different factors of
production. He needs to plan in such a way that even when the business
faces a loss in business, he has to pay rent, interest, wages, and other
contractual incomes.
• Risk-taking and Uncertainty-Bearing: Risk-taking is the most important
function of an entrepreneur. Estimating the production is risky as an
entrepreneur is required to produce goods and services foreseeing their
future demand.
• Innovation: The last and one of the very crucial functions of an
services. For example, the water supply in a water-scarce region may impact
their income by keeping them away from their work in order to collect water. If an
invention of a low-cost, flow-based pump that can fill their water containers
automatically gets established, it will enable people to focus on their jobs without
worrying about a basic necessity like water. More time devoted to work will then
further lead to increased economic growth.
8. No, entrepreneurs are neither high nor low risk-takers. They are the ones who
prefer situations in which they can get a profitable outcome. They are ready to
face challenges which they believe will lead to positive results and the
establishment of their successful ventures. An entrepreneur is capable of taking
calculated risks by knowing which business to start and which to avoid.
9. Entrepreneurs invest in community projects and provide financial support to local
charities with the following aims:
• It can help in building their brand identity
• Increase their reach to a wider audience
2. The five suggestions that will help them in making their new venture successful are:
• The first suggestion will be to always be work with “Determination”. Successful
entrepreneurs believe that all things are possible. Failures do not stop them.
Instead, they look at defeat as an opportunity for success and always keep on
working towards their goals.
• The second suggestion would be to always be “Competitive”. Successful
entrepreneurs are fiercely competitive by nature and utilize every opportunity to
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PS
Section 3: Theory Questions
Chapter 12: Sustainable Development
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Sustainable approach
• In this approach, the environment is where we live and development is what we
all do to improve our lives. Both are inseparable.
• Major departments and government agencies including the in-charge of
investment, employment, food, energy, and other economic and social
development played key roles in national decision making, and determines
whether environmental resources were maintained, protected, or degraded.
• The focus is on correcting the policies that are the source or root cause of
adverse environmental effects (prevention).
2. Sustainable development is based on the following principles as it integrates
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environmental, social and economic concerns into all aspects of decision making:
• Living within environmental limits
• Achieving a sustainable economy
• Promoting good governance
• Using science responsibly
• Ensuring a strong, healthy, and just society
3. The aim of sustainable development is to balance our economic, environmental,
and social needs, and at the same time allowing prosperity for the present and
future generations. As per the United Nations and the other affiliated
organizations, the main objectives of sustainable development are:
• Economic Growth: It means building a competitive economy; ensuring that
sufficient land is available for supporting growth and innovation, while also
identifying and coordinating with other developmental needs.
• Environmental Protection: This principle focuses upon protecting and
enhancing the natural environment, by using natural resources wisely, and
minimising waste and pollution. This will further help in dealing with climate
change and the global shift to a low-carbon economy.
4.
PS • Social Inclusion: This principle highlights creating high-quality
development with accessible local services for the social community to
support its health, social, and cultural well-being.
• Cultural Diversity: This principle focuses on understanding the importance
and building sensitivity towards all cultures and celebrating diversity.
The environment has been affected in the following ways:
• Poor air quality and overall climate change due to the usage of earth’s
natural resources in an inefficient and wasteful manner
• The rise in greenhouse gas emissions and the average global temperature
by more than three degrees.
• Climate change leading to sea-level rise and melting glaciers which are
further causing the destruction of ecosystems and biodiversity.
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5. Some of the challenges are:
• One of the challenges is corruption which affects funding to developing
countries, as foreign grants may get misdirected due to bureaucracy and
corruption.
• Lack of effort at the local government level which prevents the
implementation of the goals.
• Lack of financial resources to plan and carry out sustainable development.
• Another challenge is ensuring responsibility and accountability in
achieving sustainable development. This requires linking regional,
national, and international scales to assess if countries are meeting the
goals.
6. The important features of sustainable development are:
• It is a long-term, integrated approach to development; addressing
economic, environmental, and social issues while avoiding excess
consumption of vital natural resources.
• It seeks to protect our natural environment, human well-being, and
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ecological health while driving innovation and not compromising our way
of life.
7. The aim of all the member countries of the United Nations in implementing
sustainable goals includes the following:
• To achieve a sustainable future for all and not for just for an individual country.
• To address global challenges such as poverty, inequality, climate
change, environmental degradation, prosperity, peace, and justice.
• To promote welfare by all countries, poor, rich, and middle-income
while protecting the planet.
• To foster economic growth as well as address social needs like education,
health, social protection, and job opportunities while tackling climate change
and environmental protection.
8. Three sustainable goals which you are relevant to the country are:
• Proper use of means and resources:
• Development of a positive attitude and holistic approach towards
conservation
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• Limited development
9. Sustainable development is a historic opportunity as the very first time “Sustainable
Development Goals (SDGs)” has been established. These are the collection of 17
global goals set by the United Nations General Assembly in 2015 for the year 2030.
These were implemented from 1st January 2016. It is the first time when all the
countries are aiming towards one global cause and thinking about mother earth.
10. The problems faced by developing countries with regard to sustainable
development are:
• Inadequate financial resources can hamper the planning and
execution of sustainable development.
• War-torn countries are unable to prioritize sustainable development due to
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the political conditions of their countries.
• Countries facing natural occurrences, such as earthquakes and tsunamis
pose a threat to sustainability as their adverse effects can destroy
infrastructure.
• The conflict between immediate profit and investment in sustainable
technologies also is a challenge in developing countries.
• The countries with issues such as corruption, faces challenges in fund-
related issues, as financial aid provided to developing countries through
foreign grants may get misdirected due to bureaucracy and corruption.
• Lack of effort at the local government level may also prevent the
implementation of sustainable development goals.
• Another challenge can be ensuring responsibility and accountability in
achieving sustainable development goals. This requires linking regional,
national, and international scales to assess if countries are meeting the
goals.
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