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English
Quarter 2 – Module 7
Analogy
First Edition, 2020

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Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
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DEVELOPMENT TEAM OF MODULE

Revised 2021

Writer: Rachel V. Moldogo

Reviewer: Josephine Q. Miranda

Content Validator: Erica C. Dela Cruz
Language Editor: Maria Sophia B. See
Format Editor: Rachel V. Moldogo
Management Team:
Dr. Eladio H. Escolano – Principal IV
Mrs. Josephine Q. Miranda – Head Teacher VI
Mrs. Maricel S. Oliva – School LR Coordinator
Mrs. Jeweldine T. Baraquil – Subject LR Coordinator

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 Welcome to English 7 Module 7 on Most Essential Learning Competencies
(MELCS). In this module, you will use analogy to describe or to make a point.
(EN7V-IV-c-23)

At the end of the lesson, the students will be able to:

1. analyze relationships presented in analogies; and

2. apply rhetorical devices to describe or make a point.

Directions: Identify the relationship of the following analogies.

1. afraid : fearless :: able : incompetent

a. antonym b. synonym c. uses d. descriptive
2. nose : face :: nail : finger
a. synonym b. measurement c. part to whole d. cause and effect
3. ruler : distance :: barometer : pressure
a. sequence b. measurement c. descriptive d. uses
4. Earth : Solar System :: Tarlac : Philippines
a. places b. uses c. descriptive d. sequence
5. August : September :: Wednesday : Thursday
a. classification b. sequence c. descriptive d. places

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Directions: Identify the following text as linear or non-linear. Write your answer
before each number.

______________1. Тoward midnight, оn my last day in the Black Earth Hotel – all the
guests and the cook, too, had left – I passed the open kitchen on my way to my
room аnd saw the waiter sitting bу а tub full of dishes, using а tablecloth to dry
them. Later, when I looked out of my window, he was standing in his shirtsleeves
on the bridge across the torrent, holding а pile of dishes under his right аrm. With
his left hand, he took one after another and with а smooth graceful movement
sent them sailing into the water like so many Frisbees.

________________2.

________________3.

_________________4. My name is Gemma. I was born in Makati Medical, during

Typhoon Yoling. There were two of us born that night, but I’m the only one
people see. My mother accuses me of making up stories. “She says, hija, I had one
of those, too. When I was a little younger than you. My imaginary friend meant
everything to me. Her name was Sharylyn.”

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_______________5.

Brief Introduction

An analogy is a literary technique that involves comparison of how two things

are alike, but with the ultimate goal of making a point about this comparison.

Although often quite similar or related with simile and metaphor, an analogy is
not a figure of speech. It is a rhetorical device used to make rational arguments
and support ideas by showing connections and comparisons between unlike things.

The main function of analogy is not just to show, but also to explain or justify.
Meanwhile, figures of speech like simile or metaphor only aim to show without
providing clear descriptions or explanations. As such, analogy is more complex in
nature than figures of speech.

Examples:
Simile: Life is like a tree.
Metaphor: Life is a tree.
Analogy: Life is just like a tree---it starts from a seedling that grows into a
full-grown tree that has trunk and branches that make itself strong, and bears
wonderful fruits.

Generally, there are two types of analogies commonly employed in writing.

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1. Analogies that identify identical relationships. This type of analogy takes the
form “A is to B as C is to D,” and is often used to directly illustrate similar
relationships between two pairs of words, often for the purpose of logical
argument.

Example: English : language :: Mathematics : arithmetic

The example above vividly shows the connection between English and
language and Mathematics and arithmetic. English is basically a subject that
focuses on language while Mathematics deals primarily with arithmetic or
numbers
2. Analogies that identify shared abstraction. This form of analogy compares
two things or concepts that are technically unrelated in order to establish a
connection between a characteristic that they share. This type is common and
useful in writing because it can make abstract ideas and concepts more concrete.

Example: “What soldiers do for the country, white blood cells do inside the
body.”

In the given example, the abstract concept of how white blood cells function in
the body is made clear by explaining that they protect everything inside like
how soldiers perform their sworn duty to protect their country.

In writing, analogies play the function of making abstract concepts more

concrete, adding depth and feeling to an image, and describing and making a
point
to establish an argument.

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 Activities

Task 1: Identify which of the statements below are true about analogy. In your
notebook, write YES if the statement is correct and NO if it says otherwise.

_________________ 1. Analogy can show comparisons between unrelated things.

_________________ 2. Analogy is just another term for simile.

_________________ 3. Analogy can be used to explain a point.

_________________ 4. Some analogies compare relationships.

_________________ 5. Analogy can be used to describe unfamiliar concepts.

Task 2: Read, examine and classify each sentence below as to SIMILE, METAPHOR
or ANALOGY. Write your answers in your notebook.

________ 1. He is as thin as a stick.

________ 2. “Life is like a bag of candies—you never know what you’re going to
get.”

________ 3. Life is a wonderful journey.

________ 4. This problem is a death sentence.

________ 5. Teaching students requires the same passion you would give to plants
in a garden. Nurture them, care for them, let them experience both light and
dark. Soon, they will grow and bloom like you expect them to be.

________ 6. Her smile beams like the sun.

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 Remember

An analogy is a literary technique that involves comparison of how two things

are alike, but with the ultimate goal of making a point about this comparison.

Although often quite similar or related with simile and metaphor, an analogy is
not a figure of speech. It is a rhetorical device used to make rational arguments
and support ideas by showing connections and comparisons between unlike things.

The main function of analogy is not just to show, but also to explain or justify.
Meanwhile, figures of speech like simile or metaphor only aim to show without
providing clear descriptions or explanations. As such, analogy is more complex in
nature than figures of speech.

Examples:
Simile: Life is like a tree.
Metaphor: Life is a tree.
Analogy: Life is just like a tree---it starts from a seedling that grows into a
full-grown tree that has trunk and branches that make itself strong, and bears
wonderful fruits.

Check Your Understanding

Directions: Think of or look for at least one (1) popular song or poem which
contains analogies. Provide a copy of the song lyrics / poem in your notebook and
underline as many analogies as you can find.

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 Post test

Directions: Complete the sentences below by filling in the blanks with the missing
terms. Choose your answers from the options provided below. Write your answers
on a separate sheet of paper.

shared abstraction simile

abstract analogies

concrete rhetorical device

figure of speech identical relationships

similarities unrelated

shared
1-2. Analogy is different from simile and metaphor because it is a ____________________
rather than a ____________________.

3-4. Generally, analogies are clustered into two types. These are analogies that
identify ____________________ and analogies that identify ___________________.

5-6. In writing, analogy can make an ____________________ concept more ____________________

by providing a more detailed description or explanation.

7-8. ____________________ work by describing or explaining one thing by examining its

____________________ with another thing.

9-10. Analogy as a literary technique compares two ____________________ objects in terms

of their ____________________ qualities.

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References:
https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/2019/handke/prose/

https://www.google.com/search?q=example+non+linear+text&sxsrf=ALeKk03sCpPuwb7
_jqTfp7wT2qo7tguBzg:1595590574153&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUK
EwiyiYSL5uXqAhUyGaYKHYq-CWAQ_AUoAXoECBEQAw&biw=911&bih=891

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