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    The First and Second Law

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    Fazliy Rafiy
    The document discusses the application of the first and second laws of thermodynamics to a shower mixing chamber. The first law can be simplified for a mixing chamber because there is only one outlet stream. The kinetic energy and work terms also drop out. As a result, the mass flow rate times the specific enthalpy at the outlet equals the sum of the mass flow rates times specific enthalpies of the inlet streams. The second law establishes that heat always flows from hotter to colder objects, and entropy of isolated systems never decreases as they reach equilibrium. A shower mixing chamber system with two water sources at different temperatures and flow rates applying the second law to achieve a certain mixed temperature.

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    The First and Second Law

    Uploaded by

    Fazliy Rafiy
    16 views2 pages
    The document discusses the application of the first and second laws of thermodynamics to a shower mixing chamber. The first law can be simplified for a mixing chamber because there is only one outlet stream. The kinetic energy and work terms also drop out. As a result, the mass flow rate times the specific enthalpy at the outlet equals the sum of the mass flow rates times specific enthalpies of the inlet streams. The second law establishes that heat always flows from hotter to colder objects, and entropy of isolated systems never decreases as they reach equilibrium. A shower mixing chamber system with two water sources at different temperatures and flow rates applying the second law to achieve a certain mixed temperature.

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    The document discusses the application of the first and second laws of thermodynamics to a shower mixing chamber. The first law can be simplified for a mixing chamber because there is only one outlet stream. The kinetic energy and work terms also drop out. As a result, the mass flow rate times the specific enthalpy at the outlet equals the sum of the mass flow rates times specific enthalpies of the inlet streams. The second law establishes that heat always flows from hotter to colder objects, and entropy of isolated systems never decreases as they reach equilibrium. A shower mixing chamber system with two water sources at different temperatures and flow rates applying the second law to achieve a certain mixed temperature.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    16 views2 pages

    The First and Second Law

    Uploaded by

    Fazliy Rafiy
    The document discusses the application of the first and second laws of thermodynamics to a shower mixing chamber. The first law can be simplified for a mixing chamber because there is only one outlet stream. The kinetic energy and work terms also drop out. As a result, the mass flow rate times the specific enthalpy at the outlet equals the sum of the mass flow rates times specific enthalpies of the inlet streams. The second law establishes that heat always flows from hotter to colder objects, and entropy of isolated systems never decreases as they reach equilibrium. A shower mixing chamber system with two water sources at different temperatures and flow rates applying the second law to achieve a certain mixed temperature.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    The First and Second Law of Thermodynamics related to the mixing chamber in

    shower.
    Think of a mixing chamber as just a tee in a pipe as like as the chosen device which is
    shower. Two or more feed streams mix and form a single effluent stream. Since the shower
    with T-elbow have multiple feeds, it is need to look from the Multiple Input Multiple Output
    (MIMO) version of the 1st Law of Thermodynamics. In addition, the T-elbow in the pipe is
    small and has no mechanism for exchanging shaft work, hence the heat, work and potential
    energy terms drop out right away. Henceforth, the summation on the outlet side of the 1st Law
    also can get eliminate because there is only one outlet stream.

    However, if the cross-sectional area for flow for the outlet is equal to the sum of the
    cross-sectional areas for flow of all the inlets, it can simplify the 1st Law a bit further. The inlet
    and outlet velocities and kinetic energies are the same. So, the kinetic energy terms drop out.
    The mass flow rate times the specific enthalpy at the outlet is equal to the sum of the product
    of the mass flow rate and the specific enthalpy for all the inlet streams.

    The second law of thermodynamics is a physical law based on universal experience


    concerning heat and energy interconversions. One simple statement of the law is that heat
    always moves from hotter objects to colder objects, unless energy in some form is supplied to
    reverse the direction of heat flow.
    The second law of thermodynamics in other versions establishes the concept of entropy
    as a physical property of a thermodynamic system. It can be used to predict whether processes
    are forbidden despite obeying the requirement of conservation of energy as expressed in the
    first law of thermodynamics and provides necessary criteria for spontaneous processes. The
    second law may be formulated by the observation that the entropy of isolated systems left to
    spontaneous evolution cannot decrease, as they always arrive at a state of thermodynamic
    equilibrium where the entropy is highest at the given internal energy. An increase in the
    combined entropy of system and surroundings accounts for the irreversibility of natural
    processes, often referred to in the concept of the arrow of time.
    In the shower that involve mixing chamber system which is have two different sources
    of water at different temperature and mass flowrate and then mixed it up to achieve certain
    temperature are literally involved the 2nd law of thermodynamics.

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