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    Tutorial 5 PDE

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    Nurul Aliza
    This document contains: 1) Five problems involving d'Alembert's solution and separation of variables to solve partial differential equations describing heat transfer and wave motion. 2) The problems are worked through step-by-step to obtain the general solutions to the PDEs using the specified methods and boundary/initial conditions. 3) Explicit solutions involving infinite series with trigonometric, exponential and hyperbolic functions are presented for problems 1-4.

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    Tutorial 5 PDE

    Uploaded by

    Nurul Aliza
    23 views2 pages
    This document contains: 1) Five problems involving d'Alembert's solution and separation of variables to solve partial differential equations describing heat transfer and wave motion. 2) The problems are worked through step-by-step to obtain the general solutions to the PDEs using the specified methods and boundary/initial conditions. 3) Explicit solutions involving infinite series with trigonometric, exponential and hyperbolic functions are presented for problems 1-4.

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    This document contains: 1) Five problems involving d'Alembert's solution and separation of variables to solve partial differential equations describing heat transfer and wave motion. 2) The problems are worked through step-by-step to obtain the general solutions to the PDEs using the specified methods and boundary/initial conditions. 3) Explicit solutions involving infinite series with trigonometric, exponential and hyperbolic functions are presented for problems 1-4.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    23 views2 pages

    Tutorial 5 PDE

    Uploaded by

    Nurul Aliza
    This document contains: 1) Five problems involving d'Alembert's solution and separation of variables to solve partial differential equations describing heat transfer and wave motion. 2) The problems are worked through step-by-step to obtain the general solutions to the PDEs using the specified methods and boundary/initial conditions. 3) Explicit solutions involving infinite series with trigonometric, exponential and hyperbolic functions are presented for problems 1-4.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES

    FACULTY OF SCIENCE
    UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA

    SSCM 1793 DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS TUTORIAL 5

    1. Find the d’Alembert’s solution to the following problem

    (a) utt = 4uxx , −∞ < x < ∞, t > 0,


    u(x, 0) = x2 , ut (x, 0) = sin x.
    (b) utt − uxx = 0, −∞ < x < ∞, t > 0,
    u(x, 0) = sin πx, ut (x, 0) = 0.5.
    ∂2u ∂2u
    (c) 2
    = 9 2, −∞ < x < ∞, t > 0,
    ∂t ∂x
    u(x, 0) = x sin x, ut (x, 0) = 3.
    ∂2u ∂2u
    (d) 2
    = 36 2 , −∞ < x < ∞, t > 0,
    ∂t ∂x
    ∂u
    u(x, 0) = cos x, (x, 0) = x2 .
    ∂t
    ∂2u ∂2u
    (e) = 16 , −∞ < x < ∞, t > 0,
    ∂t2 ∂x2
    ∂u
    u(x, 0) = sin2 (πx), (x, 0) = x.
    ∂t
    2. Solve the following problem using the method of separation of variables.

    (a) ut = α2 uxx , 0 < x < L, t > 0,


    ux (0, t) = 0, t > 0,
    u(L, t) = 0, t > 0,
    u(x, 0) = x, 0 < x < L.
    ∂u ∂2u
    (b) = , 0 < x < 1, t > 0,
    ∂t ∂x2
    u(0, t) = 0, u(1, t) = 0,
    u(x, 0) = sin(πx) + 5 sin(3πx).
    ∂2u ∂2u
    (c) = , 0 < x < 1, t > 0,
    ∂t2 ∂x2
    u(0, t) = 0, u(1, t) = 0, t > 0.
    u(x, 0) = 10, ut (x, 0) = 1, 0 < x < 1.
    ∂u ∂2u
    (d) = , 0 < x < π, t > 0,
    ∂t ∂x2
    u(0, t) = 0, u(π, t) = 0, t > 0.
    u(x, 0) = sin 2x, 0 < x < π.

    3. A uniform rod of length 10 meters is held at both ends. The temperature u(x, t) at
    2

    any time t of a point P which is x distance away from any of the two endpoints is
    ∂u ∂2u
    = , 0 < x < 10, t > 0,
    ∂t ∂x2
    subject to
    u(0, t) = 0
    u(10, t) = 0
    u(x, 0) = 2 − x.

    Use the method of separation variables to show that the general solution is given by
    ∞  nπx 
    X n2 π 2 t
    u(x, t) = bn sin e− 25
    10
    n=1

    where
    4
    bn = (1 + 4(−1)n ), n = 1, 2, 3, · · ·
    nπ
    4. The equation representing the temperature of a rod 2m long at point x and at time
    t is
    ut = uxx
    The temperature at both ends are both 0, i.e u(0, t) = u(2, t) = 0. In addition, the
    initial temperature at x is u(x, 0) = x(2 − x). Determine the solution of the heat
    equation.

    Answer:
    1
    1.a x2 + 4t2 + sin x sin 2t
    2
    1
    b sin πx cos πt + t
    2
    c (x sin x + 3t cos x) sin 3t + cosh x sinh 3t
    4
    d (cos x cos 6t + x2 t + 12xt2 + 12t3
    3
    1
    e − cos 2πx cos 8πt + xt
    2
    ∞
    X 2L[1 − cos(2n − 1)π] (2n − 1)πx π2 (2n−1) 2 α2 t
    2.a u(x, t) = cos e 4L2
    (2n − 1)2 π 2 2L
    n=1
    2 2t
    b (sin πx)e−π t + (5 sin 3πx)e−9π
    ∞
    X 20 2
    c u(x, t) = {1 − (−1)n } cos nπt + 2 2 {1 − (−1)n } sin(2n − 1)πt
    (nπ n π
    n=0
    2t
    d u(x, t) = sin 2xe−n
    ∞  nπx 
    X n2 π 2 t 4
    3 u(x, t) = , bn sin e− 25 , bn = (1 + 4(−1)n ), n = 1, 2, · · ·
    10 nπ
    n=1
     2
    ∞
    X 16 nπx − nπ t
    4 u(x, t) = 3
    [1 − (−1)n ] sin e
    (nπ) 2
    n=1

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