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    Integration LP

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    Integration LP

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    Integration Lp

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    mathcentre Facts and Formulas - Large print version - section: 12 of 12

    Integration

    R
    f (x) f (x) dx = F (x) + c
    k, constant kx + c
    xn+1
    xn, (n 6= −1) n+1
    +c
    ln x + c x>0
    x−1 = 1
    x ln(−x) + c x < 0
    ex x
    e +c
    cos x sin x + c
    sin x − cos x + c
    tan x ln(sec x) + c − π2 < x < π2
    sec x ln(sec x + tan x) + c − π2 < x < π2
    cosec x ln(cosec x−cot x) + c 0<x<π
    cot x ln(sin x) + c 0<x<π
    cosh x sinh x + c
    sinh x cosh x + c
    tanh x ln cosh x + c
    coth x ln sinh x + c x>0
    1 1 −1 x
    x2 +a2 a tan a +c a>0
    1 1 x−a
    x2 −a2 2a ln x+a +c |x| > a > 0
    1 1 a+x
    a2 −x2 2a
    ln a−x +c |x| < a
    √ 1
    x2 +a2
    sinh−1 xa + c a>0
    √ 1
    x2 −a2
    cosh−1 xa + c x>a>0
    √
    √ 1 ln(x + x2 + k) + c
    x2 +k
    √ 1
    a2 −x2
    sin−1 xa + c −a 6 x 6 a
    1
    f (ax + b) a F (ax + b) + c a 6= 0
    1
    e.g. cos(2x − 3) 2
    sin(2x − 3) + c

    www.mathcentre.ac.uk c mathcentre 2009



    mathcentre Facts and Formulas - Large print version - section: 12 of 12

    The linearity rule for integration


    Z Z Z
    (af (x) + bg(x)) dx = a f (x) dx + b g(x) dx,

    (a, b constant)

    Integration by substitution
    du
    Z Z
    f (u) dx = f (u)du and
    dx
    Z b Z u(b)
    du
    f (u) dx = f (u)du
    a dx u(a)

    Integration by parts
    Z b Z b
    dv du
    u dx = [uv]ba − v dx
    a dx a dx

    Alternative form:
    Rb  R b R b df R
    a f (x)g(x) dx = f (x) g(x)dx a − a dx g(x)dx dx

    www.mathcentre.ac.uk c mathcentre 2009

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