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    Chapter 4 Earth

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    Shilpy Umapati
    The document discusses the structure and composition of the Earth. It is divided into three main layers: the crust, mantle, and core. The crust is the outermost layer and is made up of Sial, with continents composed of less dense rocks. Below the crust is the mantle, which makes up most of the Earth's volume and is composed of denser Sima rocks. The core is at the center and has a solid inner core surrounded by a liquid outer core, which generates the Earth's magnetic field through its composition of iron and nickel.

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    Chapter 4 Earth

    Uploaded by

    Shilpy Umapati
    30 views2 pages
    The document discusses the structure and composition of the Earth. It is divided into three main layers: the crust, mantle, and core. The crust is the outermost layer and is made up of Sial, with continents composed of less dense rocks. Below the crust is the mantle, which makes up most of the Earth's volume and is composed of denser Sima rocks. The core is at the center and has a solid inner core surrounded by a liquid outer core, which generates the Earth's magnetic field through its composition of iron and nickel.

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    The document discusses the structure and composition of the Earth. It is divided into three main layers: the crust, mantle, and core. The crust is the outermost layer and is made up of Sial, with continents composed of less dense rocks. Below the crust is the mantle, which makes up most of the Earth's volume and is composed of denser Sima rocks. The core is at the center and has a solid inner core surrounded by a liquid outer core, which generates the Earth's magnetic field through its composition of iron and nickel.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    30 views2 pages

    Chapter 4 Earth

    Uploaded by

    Shilpy Umapati
    The document discusses the structure and composition of the Earth. It is divided into three main layers: the crust, mantle, and core. The crust is the outermost layer and is made up of Sial, with continents composed of less dense rocks. Below the crust is the mantle, which makes up most of the Earth's volume and is composed of denser Sima rocks. The core is at the center and has a solid inner core surrounded by a liquid outer core, which generates the Earth's magnetic field through its composition of iron and nickel.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Chapter 4 Earth’s Structure

    State True or False


    a) The secondary waves do not pass through liquids. True
    b) In respect of seismic waves, P waves are unable to reach the surface of the earth. False
    c) Sial layers forms the continents, while Sima makes up the Ocean floor. True
    d) The core is the densest part of the earth. True
    e) The entire core is about 700 km in diameter. False
    f) The core is composed of iron and nickel which is responsible for earth’s magnetism. True
    g) Lower mantle is hotter and less dense than the upper mantle. False
    h) Lower mantle is liquid due to high pressure. False
    i) As the pressure increase towards the interior of the earth, the density also increases.
    True
    j) At the depth of 2800 km there is an abrupt change in the seismic waves that travel
    through the earth. True
    k) The crust is a relatively thick layers of rocks. False
    l) Gutenberg discontinuity is dense probably due to a greater percentage of iron. True

    Name the following


    a) The outer layer of the earth’s surface
    b) Parts of the earth’s crust that are immersed under the oceans and seas
    c) The earth is enveloped by a blanket of gases
    d) The core of the earth is also known as
    e) The layer below the curst

    Ans a) Lithosphere b) hydrosphere c)atmosphere d) NIFE e) mantle

    Fill in the blanks


    a) The lithosphere of the earth is the_______ layer.
    b) Lithosphere is made up of rocks with large content of ________ and __________.
    c) The lithosphere can be divided into two broad divisions ____ and ______.
    d) The name Sial is taken from _____ and _________.
    e) Sima name is taken from _________ and ________.
    f) The earth’s interior is divided into three layers namely ________, ___________ and
    ______.
    g) The temperate in the core ranges from about _______ to about _____.
    h) The solid state of the inner core is due to high ________ and _______ which have
    compressed the molten rock material.
    i) The average thickness of mantle is _________km.
    j) The mantle is divided into two parts namely _________ and __________.
    k) The lower mantle extends from _________km to ________km.
    l) The temperature of mantle varies between ________ to around _______.
    m) The temperature of the upper part of the oceanic current has been estimated at ____.
    n) Mohorovicic Discontinuity has the characteristics of both ______ and _______.
    Ans a) thinnest b) silicates, mica c) SIAL, SIMA d) Silica, aluminium e) Silica, Magnesium f) Core,
    Mantle, Crust g) 4400°C, 6000°C h) density and pressure i) 2900 j) upper mantle, lower mantle
    k) 700, 2900 l) 1000°C, 3000°C m) 0°C n) crust, mantle

    Define the following


    a) Asthenosphere: At the depth of around 100-410 km, the mantle is partially molten and
    is known as asthenosphere
    b) Gutenberg Discontinuity: The boundary between the mantle and the core or the mantle
    core interface is known as the Gutenberg Discontinuity.
    c) Mohorovicic Discontinuity: The discontinuity between the Crust and the Mantle is
    known as Moho Discontinuity.

    Label the following

    Ans a) mantle b) outer core c) inner core d) crust e) Mohorovicic Discontinuity f) Gutenberg
    discontinuity g) inner core h) crust

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