CHEMICAL REACTIONS AND EQUATIONS

1. Which of the following are exothermic processes?

(i) Reaction of water with quick lime (ii) Dilution of an acid
(iii) Evaporation of water (iv) Sublimation of camphor (crystals)
(a) (i) and (ii) (b) (ii) and (iii) (c) (i) and (iv) (d) (ii) and (iv)
2. Oxidation is a process which involves
(a) addition of oxygen (b) addition of hydrogen (c) removal of oxygen (d) removal of hydrogen
3. The process of reduction involves
(a) addition of oxygen (b) addition of hydrogen (c) removal of oxygen (d) removal of hydrogen
4. Three beakers labelled as A, B and C each containing 25 ml of water were taken. A small
amount of NaOH, anhydrous CuSO4 and NaCl were added to the beakers A, B and C
respectively. It was observed that there was an increase in the temperature of the solution
contained in beakers A and B, whereas in case of beaker C, the temperature of the solution
falls. Which one of the following statement(s) is (are) correct?
(i) In beakers A and B, exothermic process has occurred.
(ii) In beakers A and B, endothermic process has occurred.
(iii) In beaker C exothermic process has occurred.
(iv) In beaker C endothermic process has occurred.
(a) (i) only (b) (ii) only (c) (i) and (iv) (d) (iv), (ii) and (iii)
5. Give the ratio in which hydrogen and oxygen are present in water by volume.
(a) 1:2 (b) 1:1 (c) 2:1 (d) 1:8
6. Which among the following statement(s) is (are) true?
Exposure of silver chloride to sunlight for a long duration turns grey due to
(i) the formation of silver by decomposition of silver chloride
(ii) sublimation of silver chloride
(iii decomposition of chlorine gas from silver chloride
(iv) oxidation of silver chloride
(a) (i) only (b) (i) and (iii) (c) (ii) and (iii) (d) (iv) onl
7. MnO2 + 4HCl → 2 + 2H2O + Cl2
Identify the substance oxidized in the above equation.
(a) MnCl2 (b) HCl (c) H2O (d) MnO2
8. A substance ‘X’ is used in white-washing and is obtained by heating limestone in the absence
of air. Identify ‘X’.
(a) CaOCl2 (b) Ca (OH)2 (c) CaO (d) CaCO3
9. When Ag is exposed to air it gets a black coating of
(a) AgNO3 (b) Ag2S (c) Ag2O (d) Ag2CO3
10. Which of the following is an endothermic process?
(a) Dilution of sulphuric acid (b) Sublimation of dry ice
(c) Condensation of water vapours (d) Respiration in human beings
11. In the double displacement reaction between aqueous potassium iodide and aqueous lead
nitrate, a yellow precipitate of lead iodide is formed. While performing the activity if lead
nitrate is not available, which of the following can be used in place of lead nitrate?
(a) Lead sulphate (insoluble) (b) Lead acetate (c) Ammonium nitrate (d) Potassium sulphate
12. The condition produced by aerial oxidation of fats and oils in foods marked by unpleasant
smell and taste is called:
(a) ant oxidation (b) reduction (c) rancidity (d) corrosion
II. Following questions consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer these
questions selecting the appropriate option given below:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
.1. Assertion (A) : Decomposition of vegetable matter into compost is an example of exothermic
reactions.
Reason (R) : Exothermic reaction are those reactions in which heat is evolved.
Q.2. Assertion (A) : When HCl is added to zinc granules, a chemical reaction occurs.
Reason (R) : Evolution of a gas and change in colour indicate that the chemical reaction is taking
place.
Q.3. Assertion (A) : Calcium carbonate when heated gives calcium oxide and water.
Reason (R) : On heating calcium carbonate, decomposition reaction takes place.
Q.4. Assertion (A) : Brown fumes are produced when lead nitrate is heated.
Reason (R) : Nitrogen dioxide gas is produced as a by product due to the decomposition of lead
nitrate.
Q.5. Assertion (A) : White silver chloride turns grey in sunlight.
Reason (R) : Decomposition of silver chloride in presence of sunlight takes place to form silver
metal and chlorine gas.
Q.6. Assertion (A): Pungent smelling gas is produced when sulphur burns in air.
Reason (R) : Sulphur trioxide is formed on reaction of sulphur with oxygen.
Q.7. Assertion (A) : In a reaction of copper with oxygen, copper serves as a reducing agent.
Reason (R) : The substance which gains oxygen in a chemical reaction acts as a reducing agent.
Q.8. Assertion (A) : In electrolysis of water, the volume of hydrogen liberated is twice the
volume of oxygen formed.
Reason (R) : Water (H,0) has hydrogen and oxygen in the ratio of 1:2 by volume.
Q.9. Assertion (A): Corrosion of iron is commonly known as rusting.
Reason (R) : Corrosion of iron occurs in presence of water and air.
Q.10. Assertion (A) : The balancing of chemical equations is based on law of conservation of
mass.
Reason (R) : Total mass of reactants is equal to total mass of products.
Q.11. Assertion (A): In a balanced chemical equation, total mass of the reactants is equal to the
total mass of the products.
Reason (R): Mass can neither be created nor destroyed during a chemical change.
Q.12. Assertion (A): Iron articles are painted so as to prevent them from rusting.
Reason (R): When the surface of iron is coated with paint, its surface does not come in contact
with oxygen and moisture therefore rusting does not take place.
III. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING:
 1. (a) State the law that is followed by balancing a chemical equation.
(b) Balance the following chemical equation: Na + H3O → NaOH + H2
2. Explain the significance of photosynthesis.
Write the balanced chemical equation involved in the process.
2. Write balanced chemical equations for the following chemical reactions:
(a) Hydrogen + Chlorine → Hydrogen chloride
(b) Lead + Copper chloride → Lead chloride + Copper
(c) Zinc oxide + Carbon → Zinc + Carbon monoxide
3. Study the following equation of a chemical reaction: (Board Term 1, 2015)
H2 + Cl2 → 2HCl
(i) Identify the type of reaction.
(ii) Write a balanced chemical equation of another example of this type of reaction.
3. State the type of chemical reactions, represented by the following equations :
(a) A + BC → AC + B
(b) A + B → C
(c) PQ + RS → PS + RQ
(d) A2O3 + 2B → B2O3 + 2A
4. 1 g of copper powder was taken in a China dish and heated. What change takes place on
heating? When hydrogen gas is passed over this heated substance, a visible change is seen in it.
Give the chemical equations of reactions, the name and the colour of the products formed in
each case.
5. Lead nitrate solution is added to a test tube containing potassium iodide solution.
(a) Write the name and colour of the compound precipitated.
(b) Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction involved.
(c) Name the type of this reaction justifying your answer.
6. 2 g of silver chloride is taken in a China dish and the China dish is placed in sunlight for
sometime. What will be your observation in this case? Write the chemical reaction involved in
the form of a balanced chemical equation. Identify the type of chemical reaction.
7. Identify the type of reactions taking place in each of the following cases and write the
balanced chemical equation for the reactions.
(a) Zinc reacts with silver nitrate to produce zinc nitrate and silver.
(b) Potassium iodide reacts with lead nitrate to produce potassium nitrate and lead iodide.
8. 2 g of ferrous sulphate crystals are heated in a dry boiling tube.
(a) List any two observations.
(b) Name the type of chemical reaction taking place.
(c) Write balanced chemical equation for the reaction and name the products formed.
9. You might have noted that when copper powder is heated in a China dish, the reddish brown
surface of copper powder becomes coated with a black substance. (AI 2019)
(a) Why has this black substance formed?
(b) What is the black substance?
(c) Write the chemical equation of the reaction that takes place.
(d) How can the black coating on the surface be turned reddish brown?
10. Decomposition reactions require energy either in the form of heat or light or electricity for
breaking down the reactants. Write one equation each for decomposition reactions where
energy is supplied in the form of heat, light and electricity.
11. Take 3 g of barium hydroxide in a test tube, now add about 2 g of ammonium chloride and
mix the contents with the help of a glass rod. Now touch the test tube from outside.
(i) What do you feel on touching the test tube?
(ii) State the inference about the type of reaction occurred.
(iii) Write the balanced chemical equation of the reaction involved.
12. (a) A solution of potassium chloride when mixed with silver nitrate solution, an insoluble
white substance is formed. Write the chemical reaction involved and also mention the type of
the chemical reaction.
(b) Ferrous sulphate when heated, decomposes with the evolution of a gas having a
characteristic odour of burning sulphur. Write the chemical reaction involved and identify the
type of reaction.
13. Name the type of chemical reaction represented by the following equation: (Board Term I,
2016)
(i) CaO + H2O → Ca(OH)2
(ii) 3BaCl2 + Al2(SO4)3 → 2AlCl3 + 3BaSO4
14. What is a reduction reaction?
Identify the substances that are oxidised and the substances that are reduced in the following
reactions.
(a) Fe2O3 + 2Al → Al2O3 + 2Fe

(b) 2PbO + C → 2Pb + CO2

15. (a) Can a displacement reaction be a redox reaction? Explain with the help of an example.
(b) Write the type of chemical reaction in the following:
(i) Reaction between an acid and a base
(ii) Rusting of iron.
16. Mention the type of chemical reaction that takes place when: (Board Term I, 2013)
(i) a magnesium ribbon is burnt in air.
(ii) limestone is heated.
(iii) silver bromide is exposed to sunlight.
(iv) electricity is passed through acidified water.
(v) ammonia and hydrogen chloride are mixed with each other.
Write the chemical equation for each reaction.
17. What happens when food materials containing fats and oils are left for a long time? List two
observable changes and suggest three ways by which this phenomenon can be prevented.
18. (i) Why is respiration considered as an exothermic reaction?
(ii) Write chemical name and the formula of the brown gas produced during thermal
decomposition of lead nitrate.
(iii) Why do chips manufactures flush bags of chips with gas such as nitrogen?
19. (a) Define a balanced chemical equation. Why should an equation be balanced?
(b) Write the balanced chemical equation for the following reaction:
(i) Phosphorus burns in presence of chlorine to form phosphorus penta chloride.
(ii) Burning of natural gas.
(iii) The process of respiration.
20. a) Explain two ways by which food industries prevent rancidity.
(b) Discuss the importance of decomposition reaction in metal industry with three points.
21. (a) Write one example for each of decomposion reaction carried out with help of
(i) Electricity (ii) Heat (iii) Light
(b) Which of the following statements is correct and why copper can displace silver from silver
nitrate and silver can displace copper from copper sulphate solution.
22. Why are decomposition reactions called the opposite of combination reactions? Write
equations for these reactions.
23. Hydrogen being a highly inflammable gas and oxygen being a supporter of combustion, yet
water which is a compound made up of hydrogen and oxygen is used to extinguish fire. Why?
24. (a) A solution of substance ‘X’ is used for white washing. What is the substance ‘X’? State
the chemical reaction of ‘X’ with water.
(b) Why does the colour of copper sulphate solution change when an iron nail is dipped in it?
25. What is a redox reaction? When a magnesium ribbon burns in air with a dazzling flame and
forms a white ash, is magnesium oxidised or reduced? Why?
26. Write any two observations in an activity which may suggest that a chemical reaction has
taken place. Give an example in support of your answer.
Answer. Any two of these observations will suggest chemical reaction has taken place.
(i) Change in state.
(ii)Change in colour.
(iii) Evolution of gas.
(iv)Change in temperature.
27. What do you mean by exothermic and endothermic reactions? Give examples.
28. A substance X, an oxide of a group 2 element, is used intensively in the cement industry.
This element is present in bones also. On treatment with water, it forms a solution which turns
red litmus blue. Identify X and also write the chemical reactions involved.
29. A magnesium ribbon is burnt in oxygen to give a white compound X accompanied by light
emission. If the burning ribbon is now placed in an atmosphere of nitrogen, it continues to burn
and forms a compound Y.
30. Distinguish between a displacement and a double displacement reaction.

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