Matrices Dr.

El khider

𝟏 𝟓 𝟑 𝟐
1. Let 𝐁=[ ] 𝐀=[ ]
𝟑 −𝟒 −𝟏 𝟒

Find

𝟑 𝟐 𝟏 𝟓 𝟒 𝟕
𝐀+𝑩=[ ]+[ ]=[ ]
−𝟏 𝟒 𝟑 −𝟒 𝟐 𝟎
𝟏 𝟓 𝟑 𝟐 𝟒 𝟕
𝑩+𝐀=[ ]+[ ]=[ ]
𝟑 −𝟒 −𝟏 𝟒 𝟐 𝟎
) 𝐀+𝐁=𝐁+𝐀(

𝟑 𝟐 𝟏 𝟓 𝟐 −𝟑
𝐀−𝑩=[ ]−[ ]=[ ]
−𝟏 𝟒 𝟑 −𝟒 −𝟒 𝟖
𝟏 𝟓 𝟑 𝟐 −𝟐 𝟑
𝑩−𝐀=[ ]−[ ]=[ ]
𝟑 −𝟒 −𝟏 𝟒 𝟒 −𝟖
) 𝐀−𝐁≠𝐁−𝐀(

𝟗 𝟔 𝟐 𝟏𝟎 𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟔
𝟑𝑨 + 𝟐𝐁 = [ ]+[ ]=[ ]
−𝟑 𝟏𝟐 𝟔 −𝟖 𝟑 𝟒
𝟏𝟓 𝟏𝟎 𝟑 𝟏𝟓 𝟏𝟐 −𝟓
𝟓𝐀 − 𝟑𝐁 = [ ]−[ ]=[ ]
−𝟓 𝟐𝟎 𝟗 −𝟏𝟐 −𝟏𝟒 𝟑𝟐
−𝟐 𝟑 𝟒 𝟐 𝟏
Can we add? [ ]+[ ]=
𝟐 𝟓 𝟑 𝟑 𝟒

Add

𝟐 𝟑 𝟑 𝟓 𝟓 𝟖
[ ]+[ ]=[ ]
𝟒 𝟓 𝟔 𝟐 𝟏𝟎 𝟕

−𝟓 𝟏 𝟑 𝟐
Let 𝐁 = [ ] 𝐀=[ ]
𝟐 −𝟑 −𝟏 𝟒
Find

𝟑 𝟐 −𝟓 𝟏 −𝟐 𝟑
𝑨+𝐁=[ ]+[ ]=[ ]
−𝟏 𝟒 𝟐 −𝟑 𝟏 𝟏
−𝟓 𝟏 𝟑 𝟐 −𝟖 −𝟏
𝑩−𝑨=[ ]−[ ]=[ ]
𝟐 −𝟑 −𝟏 𝟒 𝟑 −𝟕
𝟗 𝟔 −𝟏𝟎 𝟐 𝟏𝟗 𝟒
𝟑𝑨 − 𝟐𝑩 = [ ]−[ ]=[ ]
−𝟑 𝟏𝟐 𝟒 −𝟔 −𝟕 𝟏𝟖
Find x and y if

1
 −𝟏 + 𝟐𝒚 𝟑 𝟓 𝒙−𝟐
[ ]=[ ]
𝟒 𝟐 𝟒 𝟐
−𝟏 + 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟓
𝟐𝒚 = 𝟔
𝒚=𝟑
𝒙−𝟐=𝟑
𝒙=𝟓

𝟑−𝒙 𝟓 𝟒 𝟓
[ ]=[ ]
𝟑 𝟐 𝟑 𝒚+𝟓
𝟑−𝒙=𝟒
−𝒙 = 𝟏
𝒙 = −𝟏
𝒚+𝟓=𝟐

𝒚 = −𝟑

Let the following matrices

𝟐 𝟑 𝟑 𝟏
𝐀𝟐×𝟐 = [ ] 𝐁𝟐×𝟐 = [ ]
𝟒 𝟓 𝟐 𝟒
Find
𝟐 𝟑 𝟑 𝟏 𝟐×𝟑+𝟑×𝟐 𝟐×𝟏+𝟑×𝟒 𝟏𝟐 𝟏𝟒
𝑨×𝐁=[ ]×[ ]=[ ]=[ ]
𝟒 𝟓 𝟐 𝟒 𝟒×𝟑+𝟓×𝟐 𝟒×𝟏+𝟓×𝟒 𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟒
𝟑 𝟏 𝟐 𝟑 𝟑×𝟐+𝟏×𝟒 𝟑×𝟑+𝟏×𝟓 𝟏𝟎 𝟏𝟒
𝐁×𝐀=[ ]×[ ]=[ ]=[ ]
𝟐 𝟒 𝟒 𝟓 𝟐×𝟐+𝟒×𝟒 𝟐×𝟑+𝟒×𝟓 𝟐𝟎 𝟐𝟔

) 𝑨 × 𝐁 ≠ 𝐁 × 𝐀(
Let,

𝟏 𝟎 𝟐 𝟑 −𝟐
𝐀𝟐×𝟐 = [ ] 𝐁𝟐×𝟑 = [ ]
𝟐 𝟑 𝟐 −𝟏 𝟎
Find

𝟏 𝟎 𝟐 𝟑 −𝟐
𝐀𝟐×𝟐 × 𝐁𝟐×𝟑 = [ ]×[ ]
𝟐 𝟑 𝟐 −𝟏 𝟎
𝟏 × 𝟐 + 𝟎 × 𝟐 𝟏 × 𝟑 + 𝟎 × −𝟏 𝟏 × −𝟐 + 𝟎 × 𝟎
=[ ]
𝟐 × 𝟐 + 𝟑 × 𝟐 𝟐 × 𝟑 + 𝟑 × −𝟏 𝟐 × −𝟐 + 𝟑 × 𝟎
𝟐 𝟑 −𝟐
=[ ]
𝟏𝟎 𝟑 −𝟒

2
 𝟐 𝟏
𝟐 𝟑 𝟏
Let 𝐀 = [ ] 𝐁 = [ 𝟑 𝟒]
𝟏 𝟐 𝟓
𝟐 𝟑
Find

𝟐 𝟏
𝟐 𝟑 𝟏
𝐀×𝐁=[ ] × [ 𝟑 𝟒]
𝟏 𝟐 𝟓
𝟐 𝟑
𝟐×𝟐+𝟑×𝟑+𝟏×𝟐 𝟐×𝟏+𝟑×𝟒+𝟏×𝟑
=[ ]
𝟏×𝟐+𝟐×𝟑+𝟓×𝟐 𝟏×𝟏+𝟐×𝟒+𝟓×𝟑
𝟏𝟓 𝟏𝟕
=[ ]
𝟏𝟖 𝟐𝟒

𝟐 𝟑
𝟏 𝟑
Find [−𝟐 𝟏] × [ ]=
𝟐 𝟒
𝟎 𝟐
𝟐×𝟏+𝟑×𝟐 𝟐×𝟑+𝟑×𝟒
= [−𝟐 × 𝟏 + 𝟏 × 𝟐 −𝟐 × 𝟑 + 𝟏 × 𝟒]
𝟎×𝟏+𝟐×𝟐 𝟎×𝟑+𝟐×𝟒
𝟖 𝟏𝟖
= [𝟎 −𝟐]
𝟒 𝟖

Exercise

2 4  1 0
Q.1 Let A =  0  3 1 4 , find: the order of the matrix A , and AT .
 2 3 11 8

 x  3 y 3   2 3
Q.2 Find x and y such that:  x  y 0   2 0 .
   

3
 5 9 3   2  3 2
Q.3 Given A =   , B =  5 , find: A + B , A – B , 2ABT.
1  5  7   7 7 

1 2
Q.4 Evaluate (find the value of) the determinants: ,
4 3