Regional Capital District Date: 2019

Electricity, Electronics and Telecommunications Center

Articulation Program with Secondary Education Version 1
Technical Guidance
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TRAINING PROGRAM: “RESIDENTIAL ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION TECHNICIAN”

GENERAL GUIDELINES AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Competencies:

- C3: Install Internal Networks in accordance with the Electrical Design. (280101054).
- C4: Build connections and install low voltage electrical energy measurement equipment required
for the use of residential and commercial facilities. (280101005).
- C5: Build grounding systems in accordance with current regulations. (280101001).

Next, fundamental aspects of: knowledge of concepts and principles, knowledge of process and evaluation
criteria are required that must be taken into account in the development of the training process in the
competencies stated in previous lines.

PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE

- Comply with competencies C1, C2 of the Articulation with the Media program.
- Management of the following Programs: EXCEL, WORD and POWER POINT.
- Management of the Sena Sofia Plus Platform and Blackboard.
- Development of reading skills and writing texts.

LEARNING OUTCOMES

- Interprets electrical plans in accordance with technical standards and established design.
- Select materials, tools, protective equipment, accessories and installation supplies according to
design specifications and regulations.
- Wires the installation of a residential home in accordance with the design plans, the necessary
physical and electrical conditioning, complying with current regulations.
- Fill out permit requests for the execution of low voltage installations.
- Recognize and locate grounding and meter box distribution and installation systems.
- Install the energy meter according to the manufacturer's connection diagrams and current technical
standards.
- Carry out grounding systems according to the design, complying with safety and environmental
standards and administrative procedures.
- Verify the technical specifications of the grounding system and fill out information related to the
execution of the grounding system.
- Organize the necessary supplies to begin the construction of the grounding system according to the
established system.

CONCEPT KNOWLEDGE

● Connections: definition, characteristics, types, materials and applications

● Symbology and nomenclature of assembly and connection diagrams.

● Techniques for interpreting electrical plans, symbols and measurement scales.

● “Current regulations and regulations” on residential electrical installations ( NTC 2050, RETIE and
RETILAP , NETWORK OPERATOR, URE ). Taking into account that the regulations and regulations
may be updated this year.
● Electric energy meters: technical characteristics, operation, classification, regulations.

● Electrical energy meter connection systems.

● Types of boxes for electric energy meters.

● Characteristics of materials, equipment, tools, cutting elements, control and force for electrical
installations.
● Basic aspects of industrial hygiene and safety regulations.
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● Techniques and procedures for racing, laying and joining pipes.

● Techniques and procedures for wiring, splicing, taping and creating terminal blocks for residential
electrical installations.
● Connection calculation for a three-phase electrical installation of a residential home.

● Concepts and calculation of thermal, magnetic and differential protections

● Voltage Regulation Concepts and Calculations: the centelsa guides can be taken as a reference.
http://www.centelsa.com.co/archivos/3d6c0e37.pdf
● Lighting concepts and calculations.

● Grounding: concepts and technical verification procedures.

● Locate the grounding system on site in accordance with the topographic plans.

● Carry out excavations in the field according to the technical specifications.

● Install the grounding system (electrodes and/or mesh, cable).

● Wire the grounding system and solder as needed.

● Make necessary corrections for compliance of the grounding system.

● Preparation of connection diagrams (Principle or Operation, Location or architectural, Single-wire and

Multi-wire).

EVALUATION CRITERIA

● Manages information making efficient use of information and communications technologies.

● Develop healthy and safe attitudes and practices in the work environment.

● Presents proposals for improving electrical installations according to requirements and taking into
account current regulations.
● Interprets plans for residential electrical installations in accordance with the established design and
technical standards and the established design.
● It guarantees a rational use of materials and supplies according to the requirements of the installation
design.
● Carry out the wiring of the electrical installation in accordance with previously established plans and
applying the Colombian technical standard.
● Adequately manages the calculated parameters, manuals, tables, standards and technical regulations
to size home electrical installations.
● Follow the operational order for the execution of the assembly of home electrical installations.

● Rethink the electrical installation according to current requirements and regulations.

● Develops teamwork for the assembly of circuits for home electrical installations.

● Make the joints in compliance with current regulations, the design and manufacturer's
recommendations.
● Applies aspects of industrial hygiene and safety in accordance with regulations.

● Implement assembly diagrams for an electrical installation in a home.

● Tapes the joints between conductors, guaranteeing insulation according to current regulations.
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● Fixes connection and maneuver elements, complying with the design requirements and technical
standards.
● Applies technical and industrial safety standards for the construction of connections and installation of
measurement equipment.
● Install the meter box.

● Identifies type of load to install

● Identifies conductors and ducts required for the installation of the connection in accordance with
current regulations.
● Check the operation of the electric energy meter.

● Recognizes the grounding of the installation, according to current technical standards.

● Take proper advantage of the use of tics and computer tools.

● Appropriately uses materials and equipment in the training process.

● Carry out the different programmed activities individually and as a team with responsibility and a
positive attitude.
● Develop healthy and safe attitudes and practices in the work environment.

● Identifies the activities linked to the work order

● Prepare the materials and tools necessary to make the grounding system

● Perform the grounding system according to the established design and current standards

● Execute the installation by evaluating risks and applying safety rules.

● Applies maintenance procedure to the grounding system in accordance with established regulations.

● Select the appropriate measuring equipment.

● Make appropriate measurements respecting safety rules.

● Identifies and corrects the deviations presented to respond to current regulations.

● Diligence formats according to the tests carried out in compliance with the established regulations

● Accurately communicates the execution of the work with his work team.

● Reports in writing and orally the contingencies presented in the work.

● Use tics in reporting.

COMPETITION ASSESSMENT

Competency assessment comprises three main aspects;

✓ Knowledge test

It will be developed: Written, Individual, with a time of 60 minutes for resolution. This test will
investigate aspects related to the knowledge of concepts and principles of the competencies,
questions focused on the analysis, interpretation, application and recognition of the elements and/or
components necessary for the design and assembly of electrical systems at the level residential
complying with the regulations and current regulations .
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The learner may use a personal calculator ( not a cell phone calculator ) and to carry out the test,
the Educational Institution must guarantee the availability of a training environment conducive to
written tests.

✓ Performance test

It will be developed in groups of three (3) trainees, formed by the SENA Instructor. Each group will
receive a Work Order and must develop the proposed assembly in a maximum time of 60 minutes.
Each group must have a test module (test bench). These modules or benches must be fixed, in a
vertical position and have their own distribution board. The scheme in figure # 2 is suggested as a
design for the modules required in this competition.

To carry out this performance test, it is necessary to have the following elements, materials and tools,
for each group of three (3) apprentices,

TOOLS

● (1) 6” nose pliers.

● (1) 6” diagonal cutting pliers or “Cold Cutter”

● (1) Wire stripper

● (1) Universal or electrician's pliers 8”

● (1) 6X1/4” and 6X3/16” spade and star screwdriver set

● (1) Digital Multimeter

● (1) AC Digital Current Clamp (maximum 20 A).

MATERIALS

In sufficient quantities and in good condition:

● General three-phase electrical panel

● Three-phase electrical panel for each workplace

● Energy meter per job

● General grounding system

● Double single phase outlets with PT 15A 125V

● Single switch switches 10A 125V

● plastic ceilings

● 10A 125V single, double and triple switches

● Monopolar, bipolar and three-pole breakers of 15A or 20A type depending on installed
panels.
● Bulbs of different power denominations.

● 1 GFCI outlet,

● 1 Doorbell,

● 1 Three-phase outlet with its plug, preferably 5P type,

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● #14 or 12 AWG THHN cable with color-coded insulation for conductors in residential
installations.
● Insulating tape and connectors of various types.

● Among other things necessary to guarantee training, according to requirements stipulated by

the Sena.

Fig.1 Fig. 2

After 60 minutes, the SENA Instructor will review the work and evaluate the trainees individually ,
considering each of the items on the Checklist and thus generate the respective value judgment (A or
D) for each trainee .

Once the evaluation process is completed, the SENA instructor will carry out the due feedback
process, deliver the results and leave in the visit record the recommendations and conditions for the
improvement plan process and its subsequent testing, if warranted.

SPECIAL RECOMMENDATIONS

- To enter an Electrical training environment in educational institutions, both to receive training and to
take knowledge and performance tests, the SENA-CEET requires that the apprentice comply with all
safety instructions and everything established in the student and coexistence regulations.

- It is recommended to acquire the following programs to improve the presentation and development of
skills and the Productive Project: Computer-aided design program (AUTOCAD, DIALUX and
LIBRECAD).

- The trainee must wear at all times (Theoretical and/or Practical) his/her personal protection elements
such as “khaki” overalls, gloves, safety glasses, cap (for trainees with long hair), optional helmet, and
dielectric boots with non-metallic reinforced toe; The latter can be replaced by the institution's daily
shoe (No tennis shoes, no slippers, or similar).

- You should not use earrings, chains, bracelets, piercings, expansions, or other elements that may
cause accidents, by causing entanglements, entrapments and/or electrocutions; nor metallic elements
conductive of electric current.

- No trainee will be able to enter the training environments if they do not comply with all of the
aforementioned regulatory and safety instructions.
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- It is important that the teacher of the Institution develops “Drills” of knowledge and performance tests
provided by SENA, so that the apprentice becomes better conditioned to the dynamics of SENA tests,
to the stipulated times, to teamwork, to handling and identification of tools and materials, as well as
open circuit testing protocols.

- Emphasize greatly on the appropriation of the IS ( International System of Units ), of fundamental

concepts (Do Not Memorize) and in the analysis of special situations (fault analysis) in the operation
of electrical circuits.

- In the aspect of measurements, it is important that the apprentice applies an operational order when
making a measurement and safely has the ability to measure: continuity, electrical tension (voltage,
potential difference, electromotive force) partial and total, resistance, partial and total current.
✓ Product testing

It will be developed by groups of three (3) apprentices, previously formed by the teacher of the
Educational Institution and/or SENA Instructor. Each work group must develop step by step the design
of the electrical installation of a residential unit, whose area must be greater than or equal to 130 m 2
and present, as evidence, the electrical plans of the home and their respective calculation reports.

The plans must be presented in a complete sheet, where coherent dimensions must be assigned to
each area. or according to the requirements of each instructor.

The electrical installation for the home must be three-phase (minimum installed load of 9 KW).

MAIN REQUIREMENTS FOR PREPARATION OF ELECTRICAL PLANS

1. The architectural plan must comply with the following:

● Be referenced to a one-story residential home whose area is greater than or equal to 130m 2 .
● Size according to the format in a complete sheet , bond paper and the scale used must be
evident, or according to the requirements of each instructor.
● Printed with dimensions, black ink, include dimensions in each area of the home, subtly “labeled”
with technical capital letters. (Use templates for technical letters).

2. The “ Architectural Plan ” Label prepared or printed in technical capital letters must comply with: At the
bottom horizontally the label, on the right side vertically: symbology and special notes. Below, in
Figure 3, a sketch is shown of how the sign should look and the general distribution of the plan.
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Fig. 3 Electrical Plan.

3. The current symbols and signage described in RETIE ART must be used. 6, in a size consistent
with the dimensions of each area of the home. (Avoid minimum or maximum sizes). Keep the
following aspects in mind when using it in the one-line diagram:
a. The symbol can rotate on its own axis but must not change shape.
b. In the outlet symbols, the lines that come out of said symbol must come out of the wall
perpendicular to it. According to figure 4.
c. The size of the symbols used must be uniform and proportionate throughout the entire plan
(Neither too large nor too small) with the size of each of the areas of the architectural plan. For
example, according to figure 4:

Fig. 4
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Fig. 5

4. The section referring to the single-line diagrams ( Lighting, power, special circuits, telephony, TV and
data ) must be presented on “parchment paper” or “butter paper” and should only cover the area of
the format where the architectural plan is given. to superimpose in that space.

5. Also, keep in mind that:

● If they use only black ink, they must prepare 4 single-line plans: 1-lighting, 2-power, 3-special,
4-telephony, TV and data, to superimpose the exclusive area or space of the architectural plan.
● If they use colors, all the one-line diagrams can be captured in one to superimpose the exclusive
area or space of the architectural plan.

6. The lines of the one-line diagrams must be: uniform, proportional and can optionally be in a different
color according to lighting circuits or force circuits or special circuits. The strokes related as “control
lines” must be smooth, uniform and proportional, for this purpose curvigraph templates are
recommended. ( Note: One-line diagrams should NOT be drawn on the “control lines”: Phase,
Neutral, Ground ).

MAIN CONDITIONS AND REQUIREMENTS FOR THE PREPARATION OF THE “CALCULATION

MEMORIES”

1. Each group of three (3) apprentices will present the “ Calculation Reports ” report, handwritten on
white or squared letter-size sheets, stapled, in their respective presentation folder, following the
ICONTEC Standards for the presentation of written work. ( Tip: use both sides of the sheet ). Include a
single cover page with the respective information in accordance with the ICONTEC standard for the
presentation of written works.

Note: Optionally, a table of contents can be added, as long as it complies with ICONTEC regulations
regarding the presentation and organization of a table of contents.
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Fig. 6 Cover.

The document “ Calculation Reports ” must contain, in order, the following chapters:

A. Introduction
In this chapter, a brief description of the home that is the object of the electrical design should be
made, highlighting information such as: location, area, special characteristics of the construction (roof,
walls, floor, etc.), as well as a brief explanation of the methodology used to carry out the calculation
report, including the criteria adopted in each step.

B. Minimum load criterion per unit area

In this chapter, each of the rooms of the home must be presented (living room, dining room,
bathrooms, kitchen, bedrooms, garage, premises, laundry room, study, etc.) indicating its area and
applying current regulations to define the minimum load value; The respective calculation must appear
against the following equation and the explanation of its origin. This information must be captured in a
table indicating: section of the home, dimensions, area and minimum load. At the end of this table, the
total area of the home and the total value of the minimum calculated load must be indicated,
explaining what its result means: For example, according to figure 7.

Observation: When applying the calculation of the minimum load, take into account the exception of
residential spaces that it refers to ( the NTC 2050 standard in section 220-3 literal b ).
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Table 1. Minimum Load Calculation.

Space A- UND B- UND. AREA UND. MINIMUM UND.
LONG . WIDE LOAD
ROOM 1 4 m 5,2 m 20,8 m2 665,6 GOES
ROOM 2 m m m2 GOES
ROOM 3 m m m2 GOES
BATHROOM 1 m m m2 GOES
BATHROOM 2 m m m2 GOES
KITCHEN m m m2 GOES
HALL m m m2 GOES
HALL m m m2 GOES
DINING ROOM m m m2 GOES
TOTAL m2 GOE
S

Total area m2
C. Projected Power
In this chapter, each section of the home must be presented and described ( living room, dining room,
bathrooms, kitchen, bedrooms, garage, premises, laundry room, study, etc.) with the possible
electrical devices to be used in each section, indicating the respective power consumption in Watts of
each of them. It is recommended to consult a table of typical consumption of electrical appliances in a
home to complete this chapter.

Observation: the electronic address of the consumption tables consulted must be recorded as a
bibliography, to respect copyright and to provide traceability to the information. (To verify that the data
is correct and that it comes from a reliable source).

Finally, a table must be prepared and presented ( variables: section of the home, projected power )
that consolidates the previous information, showing the total value of the Projected Power for the
residential home that is the object of the electrical design. For example according to figure 8.

Table 2. Projected Power Calculation.

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D. Determination of outlet points for each section of the home .

1. FIRST STEP: Draw on independent sheets the Plans in appropriate size and scale , of each of
the Sections of the House ( living room, dining room, bathrooms, kitchen, bedrooms, garage,
premises, hall and/or hallways, entrance of the house, clothing patio, interior and exterior patios,
studio, gardens, etc.), with their corresponding Dimensions and/or Dimensioning Measurements
. It is suggested to take into account the final location of the main furniture.

2. SECOND STEP: For each of the rooms of the home already drawn, apply the current regulatory
aspects of the COLOMBIAN ELECTRICAL TECHNICAL STANDARD (NTC 2050), Current
RETIE and CIDET, to mathematically determine the corresponding number of outlets. A written
record must be left and its respective explanation of the regulatory aspects applied.

3. THIRD STEP: Consult current regulations , NTC-2050, RETIE AND CIDET, to determine the
actual number of outlets that must be installed in each room. A written record must be left of the
Item , Article, Chapter, Section, and/or Table , which is taken as a reference.

4. FOURTH STEP : On the scale plan of each room , locate and draw the final outlets , according
to the previous queries. Each of the outlets must be delimited in the final position and
distance , taking into account the standards and recommendations consulted in the previous
points.

NOTE 1 : The Colombian Technical Standard for Electricity (NTC 2050) and RETIE must be taken as
support and starting point .

NOTE 2 : You can also take as support the CIDET Electrical Installations manual or booklet, which
graphically explains how the outlets should be located and at what distance according to regulations.
Likewise with respect to the architectural characteristics of the section of the home (windows, doors, wall,
closet, etc.).

NOTE 3 : It is made clear that the use of CIDET material for Electrical Installations does not exempt from
the consultation, use and application of the COLOMBIAN TECHNICAL STANDARD NTC 2050 AND
RETIE.

For example according to figure 7, 8 and 9. (Graphics taken from CIDET)

Fig. 7 Kitchen layout Fig. 8 Clothing area

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Fig. 9 Bedroom

NOTE 4 : Finally, the outlets located on the scale plans must be recorded in a table ( # Single-phase
outlets, # GFCI outlets, # Special outlets ), taking into account the section of the home, its location,
the distances between outlets. , according to the COLOMBIAN TECHNICAL STANDARD NTC 2050 ,
according to CIDET , which consolidates the information presented in previous paragraphs of this
item and showing the total value of the load of electrical outlets for the home that is the object of the
electrical design.

An example or model of Table is illustrated below.

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Table 3. General table of electrical outlets in the home.

E. Determination of lighting points for each section of the home .

In this chapter , the method and calculations used to determine the number of lighting points for
each section of the home ( living room, dining room, bathrooms, kitchen, bedrooms, garage,
premises, patio) must be presented, described and argued in an orderly manner. clothes, study, etc.) .

As in the previous chapter, you should start with a scale plan of each room, with the dimensions and
their respective area, as well as the final location of the main furniture. The group of trainees must
know very well the type of lighting and the level of lighting required in each environment, as well as
the characteristics of the luminaire they are going to use.

It is suggested to calculate the number of luminaires taking into account the recommendations of
CIDET , RETILAP, URE, PROURE , in the application of the lumens method, applying the luminous
flux of each bulb to reach the illuminance levels or average illuminance value (in luxes (lx)) accepted
for each of the environments and the activities that can be carried out there.

Taking into account the aforementioned recommendations and once the number of luminaires for
each room has been determined, they must be drawn on the plans to scale, with dimensions and
definitive location.

Finally, a table must be presented ( section of the home, area in m², Bulb “x” Watts, etc. ) that
consolidates the information presented in previous paragraphs of this chapter and showing the total
value of the lighting load for the home. object of electrical design, as shown below:

Table 4. General table of lighting calculations in the home.

CALCULATIONS FOR INTERIOR LIGHTING

Below are the stages for calculating interior lighting:

● Dimension of the premises: height, width and length

● Lighting level

● Choice of luminaire type

● Determination of the local K index.

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● Determination of Cu (utilization coefficient) with the value of the local index and the
reflection values of walls and ceilings, according to the proposed colors.
● Maintenance factor Fm.

● Calculation of the number and position of luminaires.

● Calculation of installed power.

In interior lighting calculations, illuminance requirements, uniformity, and glare index must
be taken into account. Based on the table in Figure 15, it is recommended to take the
average value as a reference to establish as a design objective that meets the required
illuminance for each of the areas according to the activity.

Figure 10. Interior lighting of residential buildings (Educational Guide for the good use of
energy) -MINMINAS- UPME.
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Table 5. F. Maximum UGR index and required illuminance levels for different areas and
activities. Source RETILAP.

For purposes of comparative calculations with the previous table, the average illuminance is
calculated using the formula:

Eprom = (Φtot *CU* FM) / A

Where:
Φtot = Total luminous flux of the bulbs.
A = Area of the work plane in m2
CU = Coefficient or Utilization Factor for the work plane.
FM = Maintenance factor.

To select the type of luminaire and establish the luminous flux of the bulb, it is necessary to
consult the technical specifications of the manufacturers. In this case, as an example, the table
of LED-type technologies is listed in Figure 16 .
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Table 6. Table of LED bulb models, with technical characteristics.

The local index ( k )1 It will be calculated using the zonal cavity method. The method has four
basic steps:

to. Determine the indices of the zonal cavities

b. Determine the effective reflectance of the cavities
c. Select the utilization coefficient
d. Calculate the average lighting level

1 Also known as RCR (Room Cavity Ratio) in the IESNA Zonal Cavity Method.
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Figure 11. Distances and cavities for application of the Local Coefficient method.

For a rectangular space, the following indices are defined for each of the cavities based on their
dimensions and the mounting height of the luminaires:

Roof cavity index = [5 hc (l + a)] / (lxa)

Local cavity index = [5 hm (l + a)] / (lxa)
Floor cavity index = 5 hf (l + a) / (lxa)

Where:
hc = Height of ceiling cavity
hm = height of the room cavity
hf = height of floor cavity
l = length of the premises
a = room width

Knowing the reflectances of the ceiling, floor and walls in the following table, the effective
reflectances for the ceiling cavities ( ρ cc ) and floor ( ρ fc ) are determined by using the ceiling
cavity and floor cavity indices. Note that if the luminaire is mounted on the ceiling or the work
plane corresponds to the floor, the cavity index will be 0, and therefore the reflectance will
correspond to that of the ceiling or the floor, respectively.
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. Table 7. Reflectance values (approximate) in %, for colors and textures. Source RETILAP.

Effective reflectance (ρ). The reflectance of a surface is defined as the ratio between the
luminous flux reflected by the surface and the flux incident on it. Generally, for the utilization
coefficient tables, a floor reflection of 20% is used and those corresponding to the ceiling and
walls are parameterized.

To maximize the effectiveness of the light supplied, it is advisable to paint the surface of the
walls with light colors, in this way good reflectance is achieved. Light, bright colors can reflect up
to 80% of the incident light, while dark colors can reflect less than 10% of the incident light.
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Table 8. Effective ceiling and floor cavity reflectance for various combinations of reflectances.

To calculate the cavity index, it is necessary to average each of the obtained indices and the resulting
value, if necessary, approximates the values in the column of table 430.2.2 a, in figure 19. Once the
reflection values of the surfaces of the premises have been determined.

Below is the formula that will allow you to calculate the number of luminaires to be installed according to
the required illuminance level:

Eprom x (l x a)
N=
n x ϕL x CU x FM

Where:

N = Number of luminaires in the premises.

N = number of bulbs per luminaire
ΦL = luminous flux of a luminaire bulb.
CU = Coefficient or Utilization Factor for the work plane.
FM = Facility maintenance factor.
L = length of the premises in meters
a = width of the premises in meters

The requirements for the maintenance factor (FM) are taken from the following table in figure
20. The maintenance factor, applied to the optical assembly, for design, operation and
maintenance will be as indicated below based on what is established in table 9.4 “Estimated
maintenance factors”.
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Table 9. Estimated maintenance factors. MUAP source.

EXAMPLE OF LIGHTING CALCULATION FOR THE DINING ROOM OF A HOUSE.

DIMENSIONS OF THE LOCATION OR SPACE TO LIGHT.

Length: 7m
Width: 5m
Height: 2.5m

According to table 410.1 illuminance levels (Lx) of RETILAP, it is defined that the required level of
lighting for this location is 100 lux.

Next we select the bulb based on the table in figure 16 that appears in the red box.

Table 10. Selection of light sources.

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The next step is to calculate the local cavity indices (K). The height for the work plane will be 0.75 m,
therefore the height of the premises will be the subtraction of the total height of the premises minus
the height of the work plane.
HL=HT-HP
H L : Height of premises
H T : Ceiling height
H P : Height of the work plane

In this case
H L = 2.5 – 0.75
H L = 1.75m

Roof cavity index = [5 hc (l + a)] / (lxa)

5 [hc∗(l+a)]
Ct =
lxa
Since the mounting height of the luminaire will be at ceiling level, the index will be Ct = 0.

Local cavity index = [5 hm (l + a)] / (lxa)

5[1, 75∗(7+ 5)]

Cl=
7∗5
CL=3

Floor cavity index = 5 hf (l + a) / (lxa)

5[0 , 75∗(7+5)]
Cp=
7∗5
Cp = 1.28

Where:
hc = Height of ceiling cavity
hm = height of the room cavity
hf = height of floor cavity
l = length of the premises
a = room width

The results obtained from the cavity indices are located in table 430.2.2.a, and subsequently the
utilization coefficient (Cu) is calculated, assuming the percentage value of the ceiling and floor
reflectance at 70%, and the percentage value of wall reflectance by 70%. For calculation
purposes, it was determined that the surfaces are light tones.
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Table 11. Reflectance values on ceilings and walls.

INTERPOLATION METHOD TO OBTAIN UTILIZATION COEFFICIENT (Cu)

Locating in the previous table the first value obtained for the room cavity index, we determine the
utilization coefficient K1 = 52%.

As could be seen, the result obtained for the floor cavity index is an intermediate value, therefore and
as mentioned in the standard, the interpolation method will be used to find the utilization coefficient
K2.

CAVITY INDEX 1,2 1,28 1,4

UTILIZATION 61 X´ 60
COEFFICIENT
Table 12. Cavity index results and utilization coefficients.

We calculate the difference between the value 1.4 and 1.2 and the result is 0.2.
We calculate the difference between 61 and 60 and the result is 1.
We calculate the difference between 1.4 and 1.28 and the result is 0.12.

Based on the results obtained, a simple rule of three is applied:

0,2 1
0,12 X´

X´= 0.6
X= X´+60
X= 60.6%

This result is defined as K2 or utilization coefficient 2.

The total Cu will be the average of K1 and K2.

Finally the Cu will be:

Cu = (K1 + K2) / 2
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Cu = 56.3%

CALCULATION OF THE NUMBER AND POSITION OF THE LIGHTING IN THE PREMISES.

Eprom x (l x a)
N=
n x ϕL x CU x FM

100 x (7 x 5)
N=
1 x 861 x 0,563 x 0 , 8

N= 9.07 approx 9 luminaires.

The symmetrical distribution of the luminaires in the area would be as follows:

We take into account the lengths and width of the premises and divide it by the number of
luminaires, in this case b/3 and/3, obtaining the distances between luminaires.

F. Standardized Power

In this chapter, the calculations to determine the “ Normatized Power ” and the value of the “ Load for
lighting and small appliances ” must be presented, described and argued in an orderly manner.

1. FIRST STEP to develop at this point is to add the total values of the tables in Figs. 13 General
table of electrical outlets in the home and Fig. 14 General table of lighting points in the home, as
follows:

A. From fig. 13 General table of electrical outlets in the home:

TOTAL (1): POWER OUTLETS (Single-phase sockets + Special sockets)

TOTAL SINGLE PHASE OUTLETS + TOTAL SPECIAL OUTLETS = _______ (w)

B. From Fig. 14 General table of lighting points in the home:

TOTAL (2): LIGHTING POINTS

TOTAL LIGHTING POINTS = _______ (w)
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2. SECOND STEP : Calculation of the “NORMATIZED POWER” :

A. The TOTAL (1) is ADDED to the TOTAL (2) , corresponding to the Total POWER OUTLETS
PLUS Total LIGHTING POINTS , a RESULT that corresponds to the calculation of the
REGULATED POWER, that is:
Standardized Power = Lighting Load + Load (Normal + special outlets)

Which is the same as saying: STANDARDIZED POWER = TOTAL (3),

Where:

TOTAL (1) + TOTAL (2) = ____ (w), that is, this result is equal to: ➔ TOTAL (3)

Where: STANDARDIZED POWER = TOTAL (3) = ________ (w)

3. THIRD STEP: Calculation of the LOAD OF LIGHTING AND SMALL APPLIANCES

That is, the RESULT OF THE STANDARDIZED POWER , calculated in the SECOND STEP of
the previous point, is taken and the TOTAL OF SPECIAL SOCKETS is SUBTRACTED, a result
found in the Table in fig. 13 General table of electrical outlets in the home .

Result that is equal to: ➔ LIGHTING AND SMALL APPLIANCES LOAD = _________(W)

4. FOURTH STEP: The verification must be recorded, that is:

“LOAD OF LIGHTING AND SMALL APPLIANCES” ≥ “MINIMUM LOAD PER UNIT AREA”.

Minimum load per unit area calculated at the beginning of the calculation reports.

Note: Remember that when making this comparison, the units must be the same, that is, watts
with watts, or VA with VA. ( FP = 0.95 ).

Where to perform the conversion, P(Watts) = S(VA) x FP , or S(VA) = P(Watts) / FP

P(Watt) = Real or Active Power, S = Apparent Power, FP = Power Factor

Note : Where, the criterion is met when the “LOAD OF LIGHTING AND SMALL APPLIANCES”
is greater than or equal to the “MINIMUM LOAD PER UNIT AREA” , otherwise IT DOES NOT
COMPLY .

NEXT STEP : The result obtained from the verification must be argued and concluded:

G. Calculation of demand factor

Taking into account the relationship between the maximum demand of the installation and the total
load connected to the installation, in this item, the calculations related to the demand factor of the
projected electrical design must be presented, described step by step and argued in an orderly
manner. for residential housing.

At the end, the real net value of the total load of the electrical installation must be highlighted.

Observation:
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- First, demand factors must be applied for the total of the “Load of Lighting and Small
Appliances” plus the load of the laundry and ironing circuit according to table 220-11 of the
NTC2050 .

That is to say,

1. STEP (1): Total load of Lighting and Small Appliances = ________(w) ,

Value calculated in Step (3) of the Standardized Power Calculation.

This means that:

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A. The first 3000 W of the Total load value of Lighting and Small Appliances at 100% , that is, =
3000 W = ➔ ( RESULT 1 )

B. The rest of the value of the Lighting and Small Appliances charge subtracting the initial 3000,
at 35%:

That is, total value for the Lighting and Small Appliances load minus 3000w = ________ (w) at
35% == ➔ ( RESULT 2 )

2. STEP (2): Next step ADD:

DEMAND FACTOR for (Load of Lighting and Small Appliances) = ( RESULT 1 ) + ( RESULT 2 )
= _________(w),

- Subsequently, the demand factors for “Special or high consumption appliances” must be
applied according to table 220 -19 of the NTC2050.

Table 1.1

✓ Example of Demand Factor for High Consumption Appliances :

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▪ Suppose we have six (6) High Consumption Devices:

● Artifact 1 = 2000W

● Artifact 2 = 2500W

● Artifact 3 = 3000W

● Artifact 4 = 2500W

● Artifact 5 = 4000W

● Artifact 6 = 5000W
Where appliance 1 can be a 2000W shower, and the rest correspond to other appliances
or high-consumption appliances.

Columns B and Column C , corresponding to “Table 1.1. NTC2050 High Consumption

Appliances Table , column B shows the appliances that are in the range of less than
3500W , and column C shows the appliances that are in the range between 3501W and
8750W .

Let's note that our first four artifacts (Artifact 1, Artifact 2, Artifact 3, and Artifact 4), are in the
range of Column B, less than 3500W, that is, as shown below:

● Artifact 1 = 2000W

● Artifact 2 = 2500W

● Artifact 3 = 3000W

● Artifact 4 = 2500W
===========
Total 10000W

Which add up to a total of 10,000W and there are four (4) devices.

That is, the total of the four Artifacts is = 10000W at 66% = 6600W = ➔ Result1

If we look at the table “Table 1.1. Table of High Consumption devices of the NTC2050" , in
the column: " Number of devices ", we locate the number of devices, which in our case are
four (4) and we locate column B (less than 3500W nominal), which corresponds at 66%.

Next step, we observe Artifacts 5 and 6 (Artifact5 and Artifact 6)

● Artifact 5 = 4000W

● Artifact 6 = 5000W
=========
Total 9000W

Which add up to a total of 9000W and are two (2) devices

Yes We observe the table “Table 1.1. Table of High Consumption devices of the
NTC2050" , in the column " Number of devices ", we locate the number of devices, which in
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this case are two (2) and we locate column C (from 3500W to 8750W nominal), which
corresponds at 65%.

That is, the total of the two (2) Artifacts that are = 9000W at 65% = 5850W = ➔ Result2

Adding the two results Result1 + Result2 , we obtain the DEMAND FACTOR for HIGH
CONSUMPTION APPLIANCES for this example:

DEMAND FACTOR (HIGH CONSUMPTION APPLIANCES) = Result1+ Result2

DEMAND FACTOR (HIGH CONSUMPTION APPLIANCES) = 6600W +5850W =12450W

Result for this example of the Demand Factor for High Consumption Appliances.

- Finally, the results of the factors obtained are added to find the real net value of the load
demanded or used.

H. Calculation of Partial Connection

In this chapter, the calculations related to the type of connection and all its components must be
presented, described step by step and argued in an orderly manner. Likewise, the NTC2050 tables
applied to determine the quantity, number and colors of the conductors of the general and partial
connection must be referenced.

Observation: To calculate the maximum current of the installation, take into account the following
formula and take as cos φ = 0.95, V= 208 V.

SELECTION OF SUPPLY ELEMENTS

With the calculated current value, the elements that make up the partial connection must be selected.
The table from which the selection was made must be indicated, like this:

- Cutting Pin . To determine the “Cutting Pin or Totalizer” take into account NTC 2050 article 220-3.
subsection a, (calculation of branch circuits).

Cut-off pin = Calculated current (I) X 1.25

In addition, the following parameters must be determined for the installation of the partial connection,
as well as each of the branch circuits.

- Sizes and type of conductor, for partial connection (3 phases, neutral and ground for three
phase), according to table 310-16 of NTC 2050.
- Diameter and type of duct for the partial connection , according to table C11 of NTC 2050.
- Characteristics of the meter, according to technical standard specifications CODENSA 7.4.3
(Generalities 7.4.3 Meters used by CODENSA)
- Characteristics of the meter box and its location , according to technical standard specifications
CODENSA AE219 Air connection, alternative 1.
- Characteristics of the distribution box and its location.
- SPT driver gauge. According to specifications Table 250-94. NTC 2050 (Grounding Electrode
Conductor for AC Systems)
- SPT electrode characteristics.
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I. Distribution and Calculation of Branch Circuits

In this chapter, the calculations related to each of the branch circuits must be presented, described
step by step and argued in an orderly manner, also highlighting for each of the branch circuits:
sections of the home involved, number of elements ( lighting or force ), total power of the circuit,
current value, selection of conductors and ducts, determination of protection ( Indicate which tables of
NTC2050 were applied ).
( Trend for the approach of independent branch circuits for power and lighting respectively )
Note: The nominal capacity for each of the branch circuits is considered to be no less than 1500VA.
Also take into account the conditions for calculating the intensity according to the Single-phase
system: (P/120V), Two-phase: P/(1.4142 x 208V), Three-phase: P/(1.732 x 208V).

According to example.

J. Load Chart

In this item and taking as reference the information from the previous item, the load table of the
electrical design projected for the residential home must be formulated and presented according to the
following format ( The values of “lamps”, “outlets”, “special sockets” according to those used in the
electrical design ).

In the Circuit No. column, the number or numbers of the actual circuits used that were
assigned on the board should appear, according to load balancing and type of single-phase,
two-phase or three-phase load .
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Observation: When formulating the load table, keep in mind the respective balancing for the phases
of the electrical installation, for which the detailed calculation of the “Phase Balancing” of the electrical
design of the installation must also be presented and argued.

K. Simplified One-Line Diagram

In this chapter, the simplified single-line diagram with each of the determined branch circuits, duly
identified in all its elements, must be formulated and presented in a clear and organized manner.

Observation: Below is a simplified one-line diagram model.

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L. Grounding System (SPT)

In this chapter, the characteristics of the materials used in the assembly of the (SPT) must be related
in detail, such as : the rod or Grounding Electrode, the bare conductors or cables, tubes, plates
or covers, treatment of the ground. be necessary and accessories, etc.

Likewise, ARTICLE 15 must be considered . RETIE GROUNDING SYSTEM, NTC 2050 standard,
SECTION 250. Grounding and tables 250-94, 250-95.

Considering the regulations and the tables, to define in the calculation of the branch circuits the
caliber of the ground conductors of each branch circuit.

Consult, What is the maximum resistance value of a Grounding System (SPT) for low voltage?
What treatment should be carried out on the ground of a Grounding System (SPT)?
In which cases does the ground need treatment for a Grounding System (SPT)?
What are the characteristics of the pit and inspection box that contain the electrode of a Grounding
System (SPT)?
Consult, How are the CORRESPONDING CALCULATIONS for a Grounding System (SPT), for the
installation of the home, used in these calculation reports?

M. Describe in detail each of the procedures that must be carried out before the network operator (in
our case in Codensa), including tables, formats, among others.

N. Quantity of Work

In this chapter, the amount of work for the electrical installation of the residential home must be stated
in detail through a table (Item, element, unit, quantity, technical characteristics, unit value, total value).
Observation: When formulating the amount of work, the following must be included: Direct Costs
(Materials, Equipment, Tools, Labor) and Indirect Costs (Administration, Unforeseen events and
utilities).
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To provide greater clarity in this item, a presentation model is presented below where the amount of
discriminated work must be presented. The form must be completed individually, and for each one
make a quote:

- Lighting points.
- Single-phase outlet points.
- Special outlet points.
- Connection points.
- Special installation points (TV, Telefónica, etc.).

Observation: The “Total Budget” must be presented on a final sheet (Here the information reflected in the
forms that have been filled out according to “item of work”) is consolidated.
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FINAL INFORMATION

The SENA instructor will review compliance with the previous requirements and will thoroughly investigate
each of the trainees in the work group, taking as reference the “ Evaluation Criteria of product evidence .”
Thus, in this way, the evaluative judgment will be issued for each apprentice.

Finally, the apprentice or group of apprentices must scan and hand in the calculation report work, along
with the scanned electrical plan, as a mandatory requirement for the instructor to make effective the
corresponding application of the grade, and its subsequent recording. of the note on the Sena Sofia Plus
platform of the Sena.

According to the previous paragraph, the apprentice or group of apprentices must deliver a CD or DVD of
the final work of the calculation report and scanned plans attached digitally, and with the approval of the
instructor.

We hope that these recommendations are taken into account by the teaching team of the ELECTRICITY
specialty, in order to consolidate the process that is developed in the Institution, demonstrating the best
results in the apprentices involved in the process.

Instructor Team
SENA CEET Articulation Program with Secondary Education. 2018