PACE COLLEGE END OF YEAR

EXAMS FORM 3 COMBINED

SCIENCE PAPER 2
1 (a) Complete the sentences below using words or phrases from the list.

You may use each word or phrase once, more than once, or not at all.

downwards phloem respiration root hairs transpiration

upwards upwards and downwards xylem

In the plant, water travels upwards in the ............................................................ .

Dissolved sugar travels in the ............................................................ and moves

. ........................................................... The evaporation of water from the

surfaces of the mesophyll cells is called ............................................................ . [4]

(b) Some plant cells were placed on a microscope slide and observed through the microscope.
Fig. 1.1 shows one of these cells.

E
starch grains

nucleus

Fig. 1.1

(i) State the names of structures E and F.

E .....................................................................................................................................

F .................................................................................................................................. [2]

(ii) State one piece of evidence from the diagram in Fig. 1.1 that suggests that the plant cell
came from under the ground.

...........................................................................................................................................

. .................................................................................................................................. [1]

(iii) State the name of the chemical that can be added to the slide to confirm that the plant
cell contains starch.

...........................................................................................................................................

Describe the result of the test.

 ...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................
[2]

2 A student investigates the speed of reaction between dilute hydrochloric acid and calcium
carbonate.

The reaction produces carbon dioxide gas.

(a) Fig. 2.1 shows some of the apparatus the student uses.

calcium
carbonate
bubbles of gas
dilute
hydrochloric acid

Fig. 2.1

(i) The student wants to measure the volume of gas produced in this reaction every minute
for 10 minutes.

Complete Fig. 2.1 to show how the student collects and measures the volume of gas. [2]

(ii) Describe the test for carbon dioxide gas.

test .....................................................................................................................................

result ........................................................................................................................... [2]

(iii) As the reaction proceeds, the acid concentration decreases.

Describe what happens to the speed of the reaction.

. .................................................................................................................................. [1]
 (b) Complete the word equation for the reaction between hydrochloric acid and calcium carbonate.

calcium
+
chloride

+ +

[2]

(c) In a separate reaction, the student adds sodium carbonate to dilute nitric acid. Deduce the
name of the salt that is made.

. .......................................................................................................................................... [1]

4 (a) Fig. 4.1 is a diagram of the internal structure of the heart.

B C
D
A

septum

Fig. 4.1

(i) State which of the vessels labelled A, B, C and D are arteries.

. .................................................................................................................................. [1]

(ii) On Fig. 4.1 label and name the chamber of the heart that receives blood from the lungs.
[2]

(iii) State the function of the septum in the heart.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

. .................................................................................................................................. [1]

(b) Fig. 4.2 shows cross sections of an artery and a vein. The diagrams are not drawn to the
 same scale.

E F

Fig. 4.2

State which diagram shows an artery.

Explain your answer.

diagram ............................................................

explanation ...............................................................................................................................

. .......................................................................................................................................... [1]

(c) Table 4.1 shows the effect of exercise on an athlete’s heart. The volume of blood pumped by
the left ventricle in one minute is called the cardiac output.

Table 4.1

volume of one heart beat pulse rate / beats cardiac output /

activity
/ cm3 per minute cm3 per minute

resting 65 70 4550

exercising 105 18690

(i) Calculate the pulse rate of the athlete during exercise.

Show your working.

answer = ............................. beats per minute [2]

(ii) The increased cardiac output means that the blood is travelling more quickly around the
body. This carries more oxygen to the exercising muscles.

Describe other changes in the athlete’s body that enable more oxygen to be taken in at
the lungs.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................
 . .................................................................................................................................. [2]

5 (a) Five substances are to be separated from mixtures. Fig. 5.1 shows the five mixtures and five
methods of separation.

Draw a straight line from each mixture to the method that is used to obtain the underlined
substance from the mixture. One has been done for you.

mixture method

a red dye
from a mixture chromatography
of dyes

gasoline from
crystallisation
petroleum

solids from
distillation
river water

salt from
filtration
sea-water

water from fractional

sea-water distillation

Fig. 5.1
[3]
(b) An atom of iron has proton number 26 and nucleon number 56.

Calculate the number of electrons and the number of neutrons in this atom.

number of electrons ...................

number of neutrons ................... [2]

(c) (i) Predict the type of bonding that occurs when the following pairs of elements react to form
compounds.

rubidium, iodine,
a Group I + a Group VII
metal non-metal bonding type ................................

sulfur, fluorine,
a Group VI + a Group VII
non-metal non-metal bonding type ................................
[2]

(ii) During the reaction between rubidium and oxygen the rubidium melts due to a change in
the temperature.

State the type of chemical reaction that causes this temperature change.

. .................................................................................................................................. [1]

(d) (i) Iron reacts with oxygen. The equation for this reaction is

iron + oxygen iron oxide.

State whether the iron is oxidised or reduced in this reaction.

Explain your answer.

iron is .................................................................................................................................

explanation ........................................................................................................................

. .................................................................................................................................. [1]

(ii) Another substance is involved in the formation of rust.

Name this substance.

.................................................................... [1]

(iii) Describe one method of rust prevention. Explain how this method prevents rust from
forming.
 method ..............................................................................................................................

explanation ........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

. .................................................................................................................................. [2]

6. Fig. 6.3 shows simple diagrams of the arrangements of molecules in a solid, a liquid and
a gas.

diagram 1 diagram 2 diagram 3

Fig. 6.3

Complete the statement.

Diagram 2 shows a liquid because ...........................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

. .......................................................................................................................................... [2]
7 Sometimes humans add untreated sewage to rivers.

Fig. 7.1 shows how the concentration of dissolved oxygen and number of bacteria in the river is
affected after some sewage is added at point X on the river.

concentration of
dissolved oxygen number of
bacteria
bacteria

dissolved
oxygen

W X Y

sewage added here

Fig. 7.1

After the sewage is added to the water at point X, the water continues to move along the river.

(a) Describe and explain how the concentration of dissolved oxygen changes immediately after
the sewage is added to the water.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

. .......................................................................................................................................... [2]

(b) The numbers of fish change after the sewage is added to the water.

Suggest why there are fewer fish when the water is at point Y, compared with point W.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

. .......................................................................................................................................... [2]

(c) Explain why it is unsafe for humans to drink water containing untreated sewage.

...................................................................................................................................................

. .......................................................................................................................................... [1]
 Group
I II III IV V VI VII VIII
1 2

H He
hydrogen helium
Key 1 4
3 4 atomic number 5 6 7 8 9 10

Li Be atomic symbol B C N O F Ne
lithium beryllium name boron carbon nitrogen oxygen fluorine neon
7 9 relative atomic mass 11 12 14 16 19 20
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
sodium magnesium aluminium silicon phosphorus sulfur chlorine argon
23 24 27 28 31 32 35.5 40
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36

K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
potassium calcium scandium titanium vanadium chromium manganese iron cobalt nickel copper zinc gallium germanium arsenic selenium bromine krypton
39 40 45 48 51 52 55 56 59 59 64 65 70 73 75 79 80 84
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
rubidium strontium yttrium zirconium niobium molybdenum technetium ruthenium rhodium palladium silver cadmium indium tin antimony tellurium iodine xenon
85 88 89 91 93 96 – 101 103 106 108 112 115 119 122 128 127 131
55 56 57–71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86

Cs Ba lanthanoids
Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
caesium barium hafnium tantalum tungsten rhenium osmium iridium platinum gold mercury thallium lead bismuth polonium astatine radon
133 137 178 181 184 186 190 192 195 197 201 204 207 209 – – –
87 88 89–103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 114 116

Fr Ra actinoids
Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Fl Lv
francium radium rutherfordium dubnium seaborgium bohrium hassium meitnerium darmstadtium roentgenium copernicium flerovium livermorium
– – – – – – – – – – – – –