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Nature of Research

Nature of Research

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11 views

Nature of Research

Nature of Research

Uploaded by

Joshua Empleo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Methods of Research

What is Research?

Research is an academic understanding across disciplines. It


involves scholarly process of search and research. It includes
observation, investigation and experimentation on a subject for
any of the following purpose: to discover new knowledge and
paradigm; to develop and improve standards and protocols; and to
test and apply theories or laws in professional practice (De Belen,
2015 as cited in Almeida et.al. 2016).
Research is a system of
acquiring knowledge based on
the scientific method of inquiry
to enrich the system of objective
knowledge in the fields of
natural and social sciences.
- Almeida, et.al 2016
Nature and Importance of Research

The importance of research should be measured on the extent to


which they are being actually carried out.

The word “Research” can be split into two words: re, a prefix which
means “again” and search, which means “to look for something
again”.

RESEARCH is an organized way of finding new ideas from existing


knowledge with the help of useful tools that will lead us to discover
new and useful concepts in order to improve the quality of life.
Conducting research in an educational
setting is important in every educator’s
professional life. Education should look
at research as a way to develop new
understanding about teaching, learning,
and educational administration. This
new knowledge will lead to the
improvement of educational practice.
2 BASIC IMPORTANCE OF RESEARCH

1. TO LEARN SOMETHING.

2. TO GATHER EVIDENCE.
AIMS of Research

1. Verification of existing knowledge.

2. Acquisition of new knowledge.

3. Application of new knowledge.

4. Advancement of the researcher’s expertise.


GOALS OF RESEARCH

1. To produce evidence-based practice.

2. To establish credibility on the profession.

3. To observe accountability for the profession.

4. To promote cost-effectiveness through documentation.


FUNCTIONS OF RESEARCH

(The PURPOSE of research indicates the focus and direction)


EXPLORATORY/
FORMULATIVE RESEARCH

The researcher’s
goal is to formulate
more precise
questions that
future research can
answer.
RESEARCH

Research is a scientific, experimental or


inductive manner of thinking. Starting
from particular to more complex ideas,
you execute varied thinking acts that
range from lower-order to higher order
thinking strategies reflected by these
research activities: identifying the topic
or problem, gathering data, making
theories, formulating hypothesis,
analyzing data and drawing conclusions.
DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH

The major purpose of


descriptive research is to
describe characteristics
of a population or
phenomenon. It seeks to
determine the answer to
Who, What, Where, and
How questions.
EXPLANATORY RESEARCH

The desire to
know “why”
OTHER PURPOSES OF RESEARCH

Provides a scientific basis for any practice or methodology in any


field.

Research is undertaken for sustainable development of and further


productivity in any field like education, management, business,
nursing and other areas.
CHARACTERISTICS OF RESEARCH

The process must


have certain
characteristics:
controlled, rigorous,
systematic, valid,
verifiable, empirical
and critical.
CONTROLLED

Control implies that, in exploring causality in relation to two


variables, the study is set up in a way that minimizes the effects of
other factors affecting the relationship. This can be achieved in the
physical sciences, as most of the research is done in a laboratory.
However, in social sciences, it is difficult as research is carried out
on issues relating to human beings living in society where such
controls are impossible.
RIGOROUS

This characteristic ensures that procedures followed to find answer


to questions are relevant, appropriate, and justified. The degree of
rigor varies between the physical and social sciences and within the
social sciences.
SYSTEMATIC

The procedures adopted to undertake an investigation follow a


certain logical sequence. The different steps cannot be taken in a
haphazard way.
VALID AND VERIFIABLE

This implies that whatever one can conclude on the basis of the
findings is correct and can be verified by others, too.
EMPIRICAL

Any conclusion drawn is based upon hard evidence gathered from


information collected from real life experience or observation.
CRITICAL

Critical scrutiny of the procedures used and the methods employed


is important to a research inquiry. The process of investigation
must be free from any drawbacks. The process and the procedures
used must be able to withstand critical scrutiny.

Educational research is critical in the sense that it actively seeks to


question its own claims, assumptions and methods. Where
explanations are offered, the research process seeks to verify them,
generating and testing alternatives.
SYSTEMATIC

Educational research is a deliberate, planned and intentional


activity. It takes a specific question or questions which provides its
focus and direction.
TRANSPARENT

Educational research is transparent. Its aims, methods,


assumptions, arguments, data and claims are stated explicitly and
clearly. Results and their supporting justifications are disclosed
fully, taking care to minimize the danger of his interpretations, and
made widely available.
THE USE OF RESEARCH
(to advance knowledge, to solve specific
problems)
BASIC AND APPLIED RESEARCH
COMPARED
BASIC research advances fundamental
knowledge about the human world. It
focuses on refuting or supporting
theories that explain how this world
operates, what makes things happen,
why social relations are a certain way,
and why society change.

APPLIED researchers try to solve


problems or help practitioners
accomplish tasks. Applied research is
frequently a descriptive research and its
main strength is its immediate practical
use.
TYPES OF APPLIED RESEARCH

ACTION RESEARCH
IMPACT ASSESSMENT RESEARCH
EVALUATION RESEARCH

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