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Statistics (Week 3)

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Nami Yang
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5 views

Statistics (Week 3)

Uploaded by

Nami Yang
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PART 3: DESCRIPTIVE ❖ Tabular - Tabular presentation is using a table

to share large amounts of information. Tabular


STATISTICS presentation is useful in comparing data, and it
helps visualise information. Researches use
this type of presentation in analysis, such as:

. Distinguish the three main forms of


I
1. Quantitative classification: This
data presentation category includes items you can count or
❖ Textual - Textual presentation is common for number.
sharing research and presenting new ideas. It
only includes paragraphs and words, rather 2. Qualitative classification: Qualities
than tables or graphs to show data. including, nationality, age, social status,
❖ appearance, and personality traits may
- When a researcher wants to provide appear in a table to review and compare
additional context or explanation in their sociological and psychological
presentation, they may choose this information.
format because, in text, information may
appear more clear. 3. Spatial classification: This applies to
situations where information uses a basis
- Textual presentation enables researchers of location, such as data on a city, state
to share information that cannot display or region.
on a graph.
4. Temporal classification: Time is the
variable in this category, so any measure

1
of time, including, seconds, hours, days 3. Bar graphs: This type uses rectangles of
or weeks, may help classify the data. different sizes on an x and y-axis to
represent different amounts in a data set.
❖ Graphical or Diagrammatic - This method It depicts numerical values and uses
of displaying data uses diagrams and images. rectangles to display data for variables in
It is the most visual type for presenting data your research.
and provides a quick glance at statistical data.
There are four basic types of diagrams, 4. Pie charts: In this type of diagram, data
including: appears as a fraction in a circle. This
displays any type of numerical data but
1. Pictograms: This diagram uses images works well with fewer variables.
to represent data. For example, to show
the number of books sold in the first
II. Different parts of the table
release week, you may draw five books,
The main parts of a Table are table number, title,
where each image accounts for 1,000
books and consumers bought 5,000 headnote, captions or column headings, stubs
books. or row headings, the body of the table, source
note, and footnote.
2. Cartograms: This includes any type of
map that shares the location of a person, 1. Table number – the purpose of identification
place or object. For example, cartograms and an easy reference is provided in the table
help navigate theme parks so you can number.
find attractions, food and gift shops.

2
2. Title – it provides the basis of information III. Appropriate diagrams/graphs
adjacent to the number.
according to data set
3. Column headings or captions – it is put up
at the top columns of the table; the columns IV. Organize qualitative and
come with specific figures within. quantitative data in tables
4. Footnote – it gives a scope or potential for the
V. Measures of central tendency,
further explanation that might be required for
any item included in the table; the footnote is measures of variation and measures
needed to clarify data. of relative
position of grouped and ungrouped
5. Row heading and Stub – this provides
data (MEAN, MEDIAN MODE)
specific issues mentioned in the horizontal
- SEE GALLERY
rows. The stub is provided on the left side of
the table.
VI. Shape of a distribution
6. Information source – it is included at the - SEE GALLERY
bottom of the table. The information source
tells us the source related to the specific piece VII. Normal curve corresponding to
of information and the authenticity of the
different standard normal values
sources.

3
VIII. Probabilities using the standard
normal table and Excel

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