Total No. of Questions : 8] SEAT No.

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P-9195 [Total No. Of Pages : 3

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S.E. (Mechanical-Sandwich/Automobile & Mechanical)

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ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS

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(2019 Pattern) (Semester - III) (202043) (Theory)
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Time : 2½ Hours] 1/2 [Max. Marks : 70
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Instructions to the candidates :

1) Answer Q1 or Q2, Q3 or Q4, Q5 or Q6, Q7or Q8.
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2) Neat diagrams must be drawn wherever necessary.
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3) Figures to the right side indicate full marks.
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4) Use of electronic pocket calculator, steam table is allowed.
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5) Assume suitable data, if necessary.
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Q1) a) Give the following statements of second law of thermodynamics. [7]
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i) Clausius statement
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ii) Kelvin-Plank statement

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b) A fluid system, contained in a piston and cylinder machine, passes through

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a complete cycle of four processes. The sum of all heat transferred during
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a cycle is -340KJ. The system completes 200 cycles per minute. [10]
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Complete the following table showing the method for each item and
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compute the net rate of work output in kW.

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Process Q KJ/min W KJ/min  E KJ/min

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1-2 0 4340 ?
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2-3 42000 0 ?
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3-4 -4200 ? -73200

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4-1 ? ? ?
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OR
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P.T.O.
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Q2) a) A system at 500 K receives 7200 KJ/min from a source at 1000 K. The

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temperature of atmosphere is 300 K. Assuming that the temperature of

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system and source remain constant during heat transfer, Determine: [8]

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i) The entropy produced during heat transfer

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ii) The decrease in available energy after heat transfer.

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b) State Boyle’s law and Charle’s law and derive an equation of the state for

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a perfect gas? [9]

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Q3) a) 1/0 13
Explain the following terms: (i) Saturated steam, (ii) Dry saturated steam,
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(iii) Wet steam, (iv) Superheated steam, (v) Dryness fraction of steam,
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(vi) Specific volume of steam, and (vii) Saturated water. [8]

b) 0.025 m3 of steam at 3.5 bar and dryness fraction 0.8 is converted into
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dry saturated steam at 11 bar. By how much are the enthalpy and internal
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energy changed? [10]

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Q4) a) A Rankine cycle operates between pressure of 80 bar and 0.1 bar. The
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maximum cycle temperature is 600°C. If the steam turbine and condensate
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pump efficiencies are 0.9 and 0.8 respectively. Calculate specific work
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and thermal efficiency? [12]

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Specific Volume Specific Enthapy Specific Entropy

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P T ºC m3/kg KJ/Kg KJ/KgK

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bar vf Vg hf h fg hg Sf Sfg Sg
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0.1 45.84 0.0010103 14.68 191.9 2392.3 2584.2 0.6488 7.5006 8.1494
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80 295.1 0.001385 0.0235 1317 1440.5 2757.5 3.2073 2.5351 5.7424
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At 80 bar, 600°C:Vsup = 0.486 m3/Kg;hsup = 3642 KJ/Kg; Ssup = 7.0206
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KJ/Kg K
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b) Explain the constructional details & working of Throttling calorimeter?[6]

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Q5) a) How the analysis of exhaust and flue gas carried out? Explain in details
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with neat sketch? [6]

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b) The following is the ultimate analysis of a sample of petrol by weight:

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Carbon, C = 85%, Hydrogen, H2 = 15% [11]

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Calculate the ratio of air to petrol consumption by weight if the volumetric

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analysis of dry exhaust gas is:

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CO2 = 11.5%, CO = 1.2%, O2 0.9%, N2 = 86%

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Also; determine the % excess air supplied?

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Q6) a) What do you mean by Higher Calorific value of fuel (HCV) and lower

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calorific value of fuel (LCV)? Name the apparatus used for the

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determination of HCV of the fuel. [6]

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b) A fuel C10H22 was burnt using an air fuel ratio of 13:1 by weight. Determine

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the complete gravimetric analysis of the products of combustion, assuming

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that the whole amount of hydrogen burns to form water vapour and there

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is neither any free oxygen nor any free carbon. The carbon burns to

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CO2 and CO. Air contains 77% of nitrogen and 23% of oxygen by
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weight. [11]
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Q7) a) What is the function of Boiler Accessories? Explain with neat sketches
any two of the accessories? [8]
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b) In a boiler test 1250 Kg of coal are consumed in 24 hours. The mass of

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water evaporated is 13000 Kg and the mean effective pressure is 7 bar.

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The feed water temperature was 40°C, heating value of coal is 30000
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KJ/Kg. The enthalpy of 1 Kg of steam at 7 bar is 2570.7 KJ. Determine:[10]
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i) Equivalent Evaporation per Kg of coal;
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ii) Efficiency of the Boiler.
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Q8) a) What do you mean by Boiler Draught and how are they classified.
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Enumerate the advantages of Mechanical Draught? [6]

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The following observations were made during the trial of a boiler plant
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consisting of a battery of 6 Lancashire boilers and an economizer:

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Calorific value of fuel/coal per Kg .................................29915 KJ
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Mass of feed water per Kg of dry coal ...............................9.1 Kg

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Equivalent Evaporation from and at 100°C per Kg of dry coal .... .9.6 Kg
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Temperature of feed water to economizer .................. 12°C

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Temperature of feed water to boiler ................ 105°C

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b) Air Temperature ................... 13°C [12]

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Temperature of the flue gases entering economizer ....... 370°C

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Mass of flue gases entering the economizer .. 18.2 Kg/Kg of coal

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Mean specific heat of flue gases ......... 1.046 K.J/Kg°C

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Determine:
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i) The efficiency of the boiler alone?

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ii) The efficiency of the economizer alone?

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iii) The efficiency of the whole plant?

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