C IRCLE

DEFINITION

A circle is a closed plane figure consisting of all those points in a plane which are at a given constant
distance from given fixed point in the plane. That fixed point is called the center of the circle and given
constant distance is called the radius of the circle.

GEOMETRIC DEFINITION
A circle is the locus of a point which moves in a plane
in such a way that its distance from a given fixed point
in the plane is always constant.
It should be noted here that the circle is a two
dimensional figure and described in a plane only.

POSITION OF A POINT WITH RESPECT TO A CIRCLE

A point P is said to lie inside, outside or on the circle (whose center is at O and radius is of r units)
according as OP < r, OP > r or OP = r.

A circle with center O and radius r is usually

denoted by C(O, r). Therefore in set theoretic
notation, we write C(O , r) = {X ; OX = r}.

A point lying inside a circle, is called its interior point and a point lying outside the circle, is called its
exterior point.

CIRCULAR DISC
The collection of all points lying inside and on the circle C(O, r) is called a circular disc with centre O and
radius r. In set theoretic notation we can write circular disc as C(O, r) = {X : OX  r}.

ARC OF A CIRCLE
Let us take two points A and B on the circle which divides
this circle into two parts, these parts are called arcs of the
circle. A continuous piece of a circle is called an arc of the
circle. If the two arcs of the circle are un equal, then the
smaller part is called the minor arc and the larger part is
called the major arc. Arc ACB or = major arc,
= minor arc of the circle described in this case. The
major and minor arcs are totally in the sense of their lengths.

LENGTH OF AN ARC
The length of an arc is the length of the fine thread which just covers the arc completely.
If is the major arc and is the minor arc, then we get that l ( )>l( ).

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CENTRAL ANGLE
Let C (O, r) be any circle,
Then any angle whose vertex is O called the
central angle of the circle. In the figure is
the central angle.

DEGREE MEASURE OF ARC

A degree measure of a minor arc is the measure of the central angle containing the arc and that of a
major arc is minus the degree measure of the corresponding minor arc.
The degree measure of an arc is denoted by M ( ). Thus if degree measure of an arc AB is ,
We can write M ( )= .
Clearly M ( )+M( )=

CHORD
A line segment joining any two points of a circle is called a chord of the circle.

DIAMETER
A chord which is passing through the centre of the circle is called
the diameter of circle. A diameter is the longest chord of the
circle. In figure, CD is the chord where as AB is the diameter of
the circle.

SEGMENT OF A CIRCLE
Let AB be a chord of the circle. Then AB divides
the region enclosed by the circle into two parts.
Each of these parts is called a segment of the
circle.

Minor segment: The segment containing the minor arc is called the minor segment.

Major segment: The segment containing the major arc is called the major segment.

CONGRUENCY OF CIRCLES AND ARCS

Two circles are said to be congruent if and only if either of them can be superimposed on the other so as
to cover it exactly. It follows from the above definition that two circles are congruent if and only if their
radii are equal. i.e. circles C ( O, r ) and C (O, s) are congruent if and only if r = s.

CONGRUENT ARCS
Two arcs of a circle (or of congruent circles) are said to be congruent if either of them can be
superimposed on the other so as to cover it exactly.

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This will happen if degree measures of the two arcs are the same. Thus we can say that, two arcs of a
circle (or of congruent circles) are said to be congruent if and only if they have the same degree
measures.
If two arcs and are congruent arcs of a circle C (o, r) then we write
Thus (If O is the centre of the circle). 51

PROPERTIES OF CONGRUENT CIRCLES

Theorem 1 : The perpendicular from the centre of a circle to a chord bisects the chord.

Proof: Given:
A chord AB of a circle c (o, r) where OD is perpendicular drawn from the centre O to the chord
AB.
We have to prove AD = DB.
Construction:
Join OA and OB.
Proof:
In triangles AOD and BOD we get
OA = OB. (both are the radius of the same circle).
OD = OD (common side).
And (each equal to )
So by RHS criterion of congruence, we have
(Proved).

Theorem 2 : The line joining the centre of a circle to the mid point of a chord is perpendicular to the
chord.

Proof: Given : A chord PQ of a circle C ( O, r ) with mid point M.

We have to prove OM PQ.

Construction: Join OP and OQ.

Proof: In triangles OPM and OQM, we have

OP = OQ. (Radii of the same circle.)
PM = MQ. ( M is the mid point of PQ)
OM is common side.
So by SSS criterion of congruence, we have

But

Hence OM PQ (proved).

Corollary: The perpendicular bisectors of two chords of a circle intersect at its centre.

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Theorem 3 : Equal chords of a circle subtend equal angles at the centre, and conversely if the angles
subtended by the chords at the centre of a circle are equal, than chords are equal.

Proof: Given a circle C(0, r) and its two equal chords AB and CD.

To prove : AOB = COD

In AOB and COD

AB = CD (given)
OA = OC (radii)
OB = OD (radii)
 by SSS criterion of congruence, we have AOB  COD  AOB = COD

Converse
Given two chords AB and CD of a circle C(0, r) such that AOB = COD
To prove AB = CD
Proof : In triangles AOB and COD we have OA = OC (radii)

AOB = COD (given)

OB = OD (radii)
so by SAS criterion of congruence we have AOB  COD  AB = CD

Theorem 4 : Two chords AB and AC of a circle are equal. Prove that the centre of the circle lies on
the angle bisector of .

Proof: Two equal chords AB and AC of a circle C (o, r ). To prove O lies on the bisector of
, which interests the chord BC in M.

Construction: Join BC. Draw bisector AD of .

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Proof: In triangles ABM and ACM.

AB = AC (Given).
(According to construction)
and AM side is common to both of the
triangles. So by SAS criterion of congruence 51
we hare
BAM  CAM
and
Now or
and
is the perpendicular bisector of the chord BC.
passes through the centre O.
Hence the centre of the circle lies on the angle bisector of (Proved).

Theorem 5 : If two chords AB and AC of a circle with centre O, are such that the centre O lies on the
bisector of , then prove that AB = AC i.e. the chords are equal.

Proof: Two chords AB and AC of circle C ( o, r) such that .

To prove: AB = AC.
Construction: Join OB and OC.
Proof: In AOC we have OA = OC. (both equal
to r )
And , similarly in AOB,
we have OA = OB and OAB = OBA.
Now from the above result we have

Thus in triangles OAB and OAC we have

and OA side common.

So by the AAS criterion of congruence
OAB  OAC
(As corresponding parts of congruent triangles are equal)

Theorem 6 : Equal chords of circle (or in congruent circles) are equidistant from the centre (or
centres).

Proof: Let AB and CD be the two chords of the circle, where

O is the centre of the circle. Now given that AB = CD.
And we know that the perpendicular drawn from
centre of the circle to the chord bisects the chord.
Now as AB = CD
So from the triangles
AO = CO (both are the radius of the circle)
AE = CF (as AE and CF arc the half of the length of AB and CD). And .
As both are perpendicular to each of the chord so from the R.H.S. criterion of congruency

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of triangle we get that Therefore OF = OE so the chords are equidistant

from the centre.
Hence proved this theorem.
The converse of this theorem is also true.

C Illustration 1:
In the figure described , Then prove that

Solution:

…(i)
Now in we have,
OA = OB = OC = OD (radii of circle)
and
(SAS criterion of congruency)
Hence (CPCT).

C Illustration 2:
Find the length of a chord which is at a distance of 5 cm from the centre of a circle of radius 13 cm.

Solution: Let AB be a chord of a circle with centre O and radius 13 cm. Draw OL  AB
Join OA clearly, OL = 5cm and OA =
13 cm
In the right triangle OLA, we have
OA2 = OL2 + AL2
132 = 25 + AL2
AL2 = 144
AL = 12

Since the perpendicular from the centre to a chord bisects the chord. Therefore
AB = 2AL = (2  12) cm = 24 cm.
C Illustration 3:
In figure, l is a line intersecting the two concentric circles, whose common centre is O, at the points A, B,
C and D, show that AB = CD.

Solution: Let one be perpendicular from O on line l.

The perpendicular from the centre of a
circle to a chord bisect the chord and BC
is a chord of smaller circle and OM  BC
 BM = CM …(1)
Now AD is a chord of the larger circle of
OM  AD
 AM = MD …(2)
Subtracting (1) from (2)
AM  BM = DM  CM
 AB = CD.
C Illustration 4:

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AB and CD are the two equal chords of a circle with centre O. If M is the mid point of AB and N is the mid
point of CD, prove that AMN = CNM.
Solution: Let us join MN, ON and OM.
Now, AB = CD (given)
OM = ON (Equal chords are equidistant from the centre). 51
And OMN = ONM …(i)
(angles opposite the equal sides must
be equal).
Now, as M and N are midpoints of AB
and CD.
We have OM  AB and ON  CD. (By
property).
 OMA = ONC (each equal to 90)
…(ii)
Adding (i) and (ii), we get
OMA + OMN = ONC + ONM
 AMN = CNM.

C Illustration 5:
Prove that the diameter is the greatest chord in a circle.

Solution: Let AB be a diameter of a circle C(0, r) and

let CD be any other chord. Clearly AB is
nearer to the centre than CD.
 AB > CD ( of any two chords of a
circle, the one which is nearer to the centre
is larger)
Hence AB is larger than every other chord.

C Illustration 6:
In the figure, AB = CD. Prove that BE = DE and AE = CE where E is the point of intersection of AD and
BC.

Solution: We have
In AEB and CED, we have
BAE = BCE (angles in the same segment)
ABE = CDE (angles in the same segment)
AB = CD
By ASA criterion of congruence we have
AEB  CED

 AE = CE and BE = DE (by cpct)

Exercise 1:œ

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(i) If two circles intersect each other at two points, prove that the line joining their centres is the
perpendicular bisector of their common chord.
(ii) Two chords AB and AC of a circle are equal. Prove that the bisector of BAC passes through the
centre O of the circle.
(iii) Bisector of BAC being AD passes through the centre O of the circumcentre of ABC. Then
prove that AB = AC.

ANGLES SUBTENDED BY ARCS AND CHORDS AT POINTS ON THE CIRCLE

First of all, let us consider an arc AB of a circle
whose centre is O. This arc subtends AOB at
the centre. Now, we take any point C on the
remaining part of the circle. The angle subtended
by arc AB at C is ACB.

Theorem 7 : The angle subtended by an arc at the centre is double the angle subtended by it at any
point on the remaining part of the circle.

Proof: Given:
A circle with centre O and an arc AB subtending AOB at the centre and ACB at any
point C on the remaining part of the circle.
Now, we have to prove AOB = 2ACB.
Construction:
Join CO and produce it to a point P. Also, join OA and OB.
Proof:
In AOC, OA = OC (Radius of the circle).
OCA = OAC (Angles opposite the equal sides)
Also, POA = OCA + OAC (exterior angles of a triangle)
 POA = OCA + OCA (as OCA = OAC)
or, POA = 2OCA …(i)
Similarly, by taking BOC, we have
POB = 2OCB …(ii)
Adding (i) and (ii), for figure, we have POA + POB = 2(OCA + OCB).
or, AOB = 2ACB
Remark: This theorem is also true for angle subtended by a major arc. It can be proved by
following the same procedure as above.
Corollary 1: Angle in a semicircle is a right angle.
Let us take a circle ACB whose centre is at O. Now,
we have AOB = 180.
And we know that ACB = AOB
Because the angle subtended by an arc at the centre
is double the angle subtended by it at any point on the
remaining part of the circle. Hence
ACB = .

Hence, follows the required answer.

Theorem 8 : Angles in the same segment of a circle are equal.

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Given: A circle whose centre is O and ACB and ADB are two angles formed in the same segment
of the circle.
We have to prove
ACB = ADB. 51
Let us join AO and OB where
O is the centre of the circle.
Proof: AOB = 2ACB and AOB
= 2ADB.
Now, from the last two
expressions, we can
conclude that
ACB = ADB.
Hence proved the required result.

Remark: If C and D are points on a semicircle, we can easily see that ACB = ADB = 90.

Theorem 9: If a linesegment joining two points subtends equal angles at two other points lying on the
same side of the line containing the line segment, the four points lie on the circle.

Proof: Let A, B, C, D be the four points in such a way that AB is a line and C, D are the two
points lying on the same side of the line AB. Now, draw a circle which contains the four
points A, B, C and D. Now, let us point out the centre of the circle being O. Now join OA
and OB. Then we get
ACB = ADB.
Again 2ACB = 2ADB. But as according to
our construction A, B, C, D are all points lying
on the circle, we get
2ACB = AOB and 2ADB = AOB.
So our assumption is right. Hence proved the
theorem.
Remarks: Points lying on the same circle are called concyclic points and a polygon whose all
vertices lie on a circle is called a cyclic polygon.

ANGLES IN A CYCLIC QUADRILATERAL

Quadrilateral whose all the four vertices lie on a circle is called a cyclic quadrilateral. There are some
properties satisfying the cases of a cyclic quadrilateral.

Theorem 10: The sum of the either pair of the opposite angles of a cyclic quadrilateral is 180.

Proof: A cyclic quadrilateral ABCD.

To prove: BAD + BCD = 180 and ADC + ABC = 180.

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Construction: Let O be the centre of the circle passing

through A, B, C, D. Join OA and OC.
Proof: AOC = 2ABC.

So ABC = reflex AOC …(i)

Again we have AOC = 2ADC

So, we get ADC = reflex AOC …(ii)

Now, adding (i) and (ii), we have

ADC + ABC = (AOC + AOC)

ADC + ABC =  360 = 180. (As we know that the sum of the angle

described in a circle is 360).

So proved that ADC + ABC = 180. And similarly it can be also proved that
BAD + BCD = 180.
Hence proved the theorem.
Now, we shall discuss about the converse of this theorem. For this, let us consider a
quadrilateral ABCD in which sum of a pair of opposite angles say ABC and ADC is
180.
We have to prove that ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral.
Proof: If possible, let ABCD be not a cyclic
quadrilateral. Draw the circle which passes
through the three noncollinear points A, B
and C. Suppose that the circle meets the
line CD or produced CD at the point E.
Now, ABCE is a cyclic quadrilateral.
 ABC + AEC = 180 …
(i)
But ABC + ADC = 180 (given) …
(ii)
Now, from (i) and (ii), we get
ABC + AEC = ABC + ADC  AEC = ADC.
 An exterior angle of AED is equal to the sum of the interior opposite angles. But it is
not possible unless E coincides with D.
Thus, the circle passing through A, B, C also passes through D.
Hence ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral.

C Illustration 7:
If one side of a cyclic quadrilateral is produced, then the exterior angle is equal to the interior opposite
angle.

Solution: A cyclic quadrilateral ABCD one whose side AB is produced to E.

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To prove: CBE = ADC.

Proof: Since ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral and the
sum of opposite pairs of angles in a cyclic
quadrilateral is 180.
 ABC + ADC = 180 51
But ABC + CBE = 180 [Since ABC and
CBE are linear pairs]

 ABC + ADC = ABC + CBE

 ADC = CBE
or CBE = ADC.
Hence follows the required result.

C Illustration 8:
Altitudes of a triangle are concurrent.

Solution: Given:
A triangle ABC in which perpendiculars BE, on AC and CF on AB intersect at O. Join AO
and produce it to meet BC at D.
In order to prove that the perpendiculars from the vertices on opposite sides are
concurrent. It is sufficient to prove that
AD  BC.
Construction :
Join EF.
Proof:
We have BE  AC and CF  AB.
 BEC = 90 and BFC = 90.
 BEC = BFC = 90.
 BC makes equal angles at E and F
 Points B, C, E, F are concyclic.
 BCEF is cyclic quadrilateral.
 ECB + BFE = 180
 ECB + (BFC + CFE) = 180
(As BFE = BFC + CFE)
Now, since BFC = CFB = 90 and CFE =
OFE
ECB + 90 + OFE = 180
 ACD + OFE = 90 …(i) [Since ECB = ACD]
Now, in quadrilateral EOFA, we have
OFA + OEA = 90 + 90 = 180.
 EOFA is a cyclic quadrilateral.
 OFE = OAE …(ii) [Angles in the same segment are equal].
From (i) and (ii), we get
ACD + OAE = 90
 ACD + DAC = 90 [Since OAE = OAC = DAC]
 180  ADC = 90

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[Since ACD, DAC and ADC are angles of ACD,  ACD + DAC + ADC = 180]
 ADC = 90.
 AD  BC
Hence, altitudes AD, BE and CF are concurrent.

Exercise 2:œ
(i) If two opposite sides of a cyclic quadrilateral are equal, then prove that the other two sides are
parallel.
(ii) In the given figure, O is the centre of a circle in which AOC = 100°, side AB of quadrilateral
OABC has been produced to D. If CBD = 50° then prove that AOC = 100°.

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 A perpendicular from the centre to a chord bisects the chord and its converse.
51
 Equal chords of a circle subtend equal angles at the centre and its converse.

 Equal chords of a circle are equidistant from the centre and its converse.

 A diameter divides the circle into two equal parts. Each boundary of these parts is called
semicircumference.

 Any part of a circle is called an arc of a circle. If it is less than the semi-circumference, it is called
minor arc and if it is more than the semi-circumference it is called major arc.

 An angle subtended by an arc at the centre is double the angle subtended by it at any point on
the remaining part of the circle.

 Angle in a semi-circle is a right angle.

 A quadrilateral whose vertices lie on the same circle is called a cyclic quadrilateral and the points
are called cyclic points. The sum of the opposite angles of a cyclic quadrilateral is 180.

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SUBJECTIVE

SECTION –A

Problem 1. A, B and C are three points of a

circle whose centre is not
indicated. How will you locate
the centre.

Solution: A, B and C are three points. Join AB, BC and AC. Draw their perpendicular bisectors,
these perpendicular bisectors will pass through centre OM  BC, ON  AC, OM and ON
will meet at O which will be centre.

Problem 2. Chords AB and CD of a circle with centre O

intersect at the point S. OM  AB and ON 
CD. OM and ON meet AB and CD
respectively at M and N. Give reasons for the
following statements, if OSM = OSN
(i) OSM  OSN
(ii) OM = ON
(iii) AB = CD

Solution: (i). OSM  OSN

M = N = 90
OSM = OSN (given)
and OS = OS (common)
 by ASA criteria OSM  OSN.
(ii) OM = ON (by cpct)
(iii) AB = CD (chord equidistant from centre are equal)

Problem 3. ABCD is a trapezium (with AB || DC) inscribed in a circle with centre O. Diagonal AC is
joined and also OA, OB, OC and OD are joined.
(i) Is BAC = DCA? Why?
(ii) Is DCA = DOA? Why?

(iii) Is BOC = DOA? Why?

(iv) Is BC = AD? Why?

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Solution: Given ABCD is a trapezium in which AB || DC.

(i) BAC = DCA, because it is a pair of alternate

angles.
(ii) DCA = DOA (angle subtended by an arc 51
at the centre is double the angle subtended by it
on the remaining part of the circle)
(iii) BOC = 2BAC = 2DCA = DOA.
(iv) BC = AD since equal angles are subtended by equal chords.

Problem 4: PQ and RS are two parallel chords of a circle whose centre is O and radius is 10 cm. If
PQ = 16 cm and RS = 12 cm, find the distance between PQ and RS, if they lie
(i) on the same side of the centre O (ii) on opposite sides of the centre O.

Solution: We have OP = OR = 10 cm, PQ = 16 cm and RS = 12 cm.

 PL = 8 cm and RM = 6 cm.
In right triangles OLP and OMR, we have
OP2 = OL2 + PL2
and OR2 = OM2 + RM2
 100 = OL2 + 64 or OL2 = 36
and OM2 = 64  OL = 6 and OM = 8.

Case I: In this case, we have distance between PQ and

RS = LM = OM  OL = (8  6) cm = 2 cm
RS = LM = 2 cm
Case II: In this case, we have distance between PQ
and
RS = LM = OL + MO
= (8 + 6) cm = 14 cm.

Problem 5: Two circles whose centres are O and O intersect at P. Through P, a line l parallel to OO 
intersecting the circles at C and D is drawn. Prove that CD = 2OO.

Solution: Let two circles be given with the

centres being O and O. Let l
being a line parallel to OO.
Draw OA  l and OB  l.
Now, OA  l  OA  CP
 CA = AP  CP = 2AP
and OB  l  OB  DP
 BP = BD  PD = 2PB
 CD = CP + PD
 CD = 2AP + 2PB
 CD = 2(AP + PB) = 2AB = 2OO.

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Hence proved CD = 2OO.

Problem 6: Chords of a circle which are equidistant from the centre are equal.

Solution: Given two chords are AB and CD which are

equidistant from its centre i.e. O. That means
OL = OM, where OL  AB and OM  CD.
To prove chords are equal i.e. AB = CD.
Construction: Join OA and OC.
Proof: Since the perpendicular from the centre
of a circle to a chord bisects the chord.
Therefore, OL  AB
 AL = LB  AL = AB

And OM  CD
 CM = DM
 CM = CD.

In triangles OAL and OCM, we have OA = OC (each equal to radius of the given circle)
OLA = OMC (each equal to 90)
and OL = OM (Given)
So, by RHS criterion of convergence, we haveOAL  OCM
 AL = CM
 AB = CD

 AB = CD
Hence the chords of a circle which are equidistant from the centre are equal.

Problem 7: The bisectors of the angles formed by producing the opposite sides of a cyclic
quadrilateral (provided that they are not parallel) intersect at right angle.

Solution: Given a cyclic quadrilateral ABCD in

which AB and DC when produced
meet at P and AD and BC when
produced meet at Q. Bisectors of P
and Q meet at a point R.
To prove:
PR  QR i.e. PRQ = 90.
Construction:
Produce QR to meet AB in S.
Suppose QR meets CD at a point L.
Proof:
In triangles QDL and QBS, we have
3 = 4 (QR is the bisector of Q)
And QDL = QBS [an exterior angle of a cyclic quadrilateral is equal to interior opposite
angle]

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 3 + QDL = 4 + QBS
 180  DLQ = 180  QSB
[{3 + QDL + DLQ = 180} & {QBS + QSB + 4 = 180}]
 DLQ = QSB
 PLR = QSB [Since DLQ =PLR as they are vertically opposite angles] 51
 PLR = QSP = RSP= PSR
In triangles PRL and PRS, we have, 1 = 2 [Since PR is the bisector of P]
and PLR = PSR
 1 + PLR = 2 + PSR
 180  PRL = 180  PRS.
 PRL = PRS
But LS is the straight line
 PRL + PRS = 180
 2PRL = 180
 PRL = 90
 PRQ = 90
Hence PRQ = PRS = 90.

Problem 8: Two circles of unit radius touch each other and each of them touches internally a circle of
radius two. Find the radius of the circle which touches all the three circles.

Solution: Since the radius of the third circle is equal to the

sum of the radii of the two circles which touch it
internally. Therefore the centres of all the three
circles lie in a straight line. Let r be the radius of
the circle which touches all the three circles, then
OC1 = OC2 = (1 + r).
C1C = CC2 = 1
 CO = (2  r), in right triangle OCC1
(1 + r)2 = 12 + (2  r)2 so that r = 2/3.

Problem 9: Prove that the feet of perpendiculars drawn from a point on the cirumcircle of a triangle
on the sides are collinear.

Solution: Let D, E, F be the feet of perpendiculars drawn from a point P on the circumcircle of
ABC on the sides BC, CA, AB respectively. We shall prove that the points D, E, F are
collinear, by showing that
PED + PEF = 180
Since PEA + PFA = 180
Therefore the points P, E, A, F are concyclic.
Consequently, PEF = PAF …(i) (angles in the same segment).
Since PEC = PDC = 90.
Therefore, the points P, E, D, C are concyclic.

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Therefore, PED + PCD = 180…(ii)

Since the points P, A, B, C are concyclic,
therefore PAF = PCB
(which is same as PCD) …(iii)
From (i) and (iii), we find that PEF = PCD
…(iv)
From (ii) and (iv) it follows that
PED + PEF = 180
Hence D, E, F are collinear (proved)
[This is known as Simson’s Rule].

Problem 10: Prove that if the bisector of any angle of a triangle and the perpendicular bisector of its
opposite side intersect, they will intersect on the circumcircle of the triangle.

Solution: Suppose PQR be a triangle such that O is the

centre of its circumcircle and arc QR makes
angle P at point P on the circumference.
 QOR = 2P
But, OQ = OR [radius of the circumcircle]
QOS = ROS = P
Let the bisector of P and perpendicular
bisector of QR intersect at point T.
Now, we know that any three noncollinear
points are always concyclic. Therefore P,R,T
are concyclic. We observe that arc RT of the
circle passing through P, R and T makes angle
at point P and P at O.

Hence O is the centre of the circle passing through P, R and T.

This implies that the circle passing through P, R and T is the circumcircle of triangle PQR.
Similarly, the circle passing through P, Q and T is the circumcircle of PQR.
So, T lies on the circumcircle of PQR.

Problem 11: If one side of a cyclic quadrilateral is produced, then the exterior angle is equal to the
interior opposite angle.

Solution: A cyclic quadrilateral ABCD one whose side AB is produced to E.

To prove:ÐCBE = ÐADC.
Proof: Since ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral
and the sum of opposite pairs of angles in a
cyclic quadrilateral is 180°.
\ ÐABC + ÐADC = 180°
But ÐABC + ÐCBE = 180° [Since ÐABC and
ÐCBE are linear pairs]
\ ÐABC + ÐADC = ÐABC + ÐCBE
Þ ÐADC = ÐCBE
or ÐCBE = ÐADC.
Hence follows the required result.

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Problem 12: Prove that altitudes of a triangle are concurrent.

Solution: Given:
A triangle ABC in which perpendiculars BE, on AC and CF on AB intersect at O. Join AO
and produce it to meet BC at D. 51
In order to prove that the perpendiculars from the vertices on opposite sides are
concurrent. It is sufficient to prove that
AD ^ BC.
Construction: Join EF.
Proof: We have BE ^ AC and CF ^ AB.
Þ ÐBEC = 90° and ÐBFC = 90° Þ ÐBEC = ÐBFC = 90°.
Þ BC makes equal angles at E and F Þ Points B, C, E, F are concyclic.
\ BCEF is cyclic quadrilateral.
Þ ÐECB + ÐBFE = 180°
Þ ÐECB + (ÐBFC + ÐCFE) = 180°
(As ÐBFE = ÐBFC + ÐCFE)
Now, since ÐBFC = ÐCFB = 90° and
ÐOFE
ÞÐECB + 90° + ÐOFE = 180°
Þ ÐACD + ÐOFE = 90° …(i)
[Since ÐECB = ÐACD]
Now, in quadrilateral EOFA, we have
ÐOFA + ÐOEA = 90° + 90° = 180°.
Þ EOFA is a cyclic quadrilateral.
Þ ÐOFE = ÐOAE …(ii)
[Angles in the same segment are equal].
From (i) and (ii), we get
ÐACD + ÐOAE = 90°
Þ ÐACD + ÐDAC = 90° [Since ÐOAE = ÐOAC = ÐDAC]
Þ 180° - ÐADC = 90°
[Since ÐACD, ÐDAC and ÐADC are angles of DACD, \ ÐACD + ÐDAC + ÐADC = 180°]
Þ ÐADC = 90°
Þ AD ^ BC
Hence, altitudes AD, BE and CF are concurrent.

Problem 13: In a circle C(O, 5) two chords AB and CD are parallel. If AB = 6 cm, CD = 4 cm then find
the perpendicular distance between AB and CD.

Solution: OM  AB
ON  CD
OM = = 4 cm
ON =
 MN = (4 + ) cm

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Problem 14: In a circle with centre O. AB and CD are two diameters perpendicular to each other
having length 12 cm. Then find the length of chord AC.

Solution: AC = cm

SECTION –B

Problem 1: A circle C1 has diameter AB = 80 cm. A circle C2 of diameter 40 cm touches C1 at point A

and another circle C3 of diameter 20 cm, touches C1 at B (both touches inside the circle).
Find the maximum diameter of a fourth circle C4 touches all three circles internally.

Solution: Maximum diameter of

C4 = 80 – 20 = 60 cm.

Problem 2: In the given figure, AOB is a quadrant of a circle of radius = 2 cm. Find the radius of
incircle.

Solution: In POR
(2 – r)2 = r2 + r2
4 + r2 – 4r = r2 + r2
r2 + 4r – 4 = 0

r=

= cm.

Problem 3: In ABC, A = 50°, P is point on the arc BC. Find BPC

Solution: BPC = 180° – BAC = 130°

[ A, B, P, C are concyclic]

Problem 4: In DEF, O is the centre of incircle. If DEO = 30°, EFD = 80°. Find DOF

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Solution: EDF = 180° – (60° + 80°) = 40°

DOF = 180° – (40° + 20°) = 120°

51

Problem 5: A circle is inscribed in an isosceles trapezium ABCD in which AB || DC. If AB = 30 cm,

AD = 20 cm and DC = 10 cm. Find radius of incircle.

Solution: In CEB, CE =
=

Radius of incircle =

= cm

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OBJECTIVE
LEVEL – I

Multiple Choice Questions (Single Option Correct)

Problem 1: In a circle of radius 13 cm, the distance of a chord of length 24 cm from the centre is
(A) 3 cm (B) 4 cm
(C) 5 cm (D) 6 cm

Solution: (A). Let PQ be a chord of a circle with centre O such that OP = 13 cm, PQ = 24 cm.
Let OM  PQ, then PM = MQ = 12 cm.
From right triangle OPM
OP2 = OM2 + MP2
 MP2 = 132 – 122 = 169 – 144 = 25 = 52
 MP = 5
distance of chord = 5 cm.

Problem 2. A chord of a circle of radius 7.5 cm

with centre O is of length 9 cm, then
its distance from the centre is
(A) 12 cm (B) 6 cm
(C) 3 cm (D) none of these

Solution: (B). Radius OA = 7.5 cm

AB is a chord of length 9 cm
OM  AB.
 AM = BM = cm.

Now from right triangle OAM,

OM2 = OA2 – AM2

= = =

OM = cm.

Problem 3. In given figure BOC = AOC, then

BOC =
(A) 30° (B) 45°
(C) 60° (D) 90°

Solution: (C). Given BOC = AOC and AB is a straight line.

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 AOC + BOC = 180

 AOC + AOC = 180

 AOC = 180
51
 AOC = 180  = 120

and BOC = AOC = 60.

Problem 4. In the given figure, point O is the

centre of the circle. The value of x is
equal to
(A) 60°
(B) 120°
(C) 180°
(D) 240°

Solution: (D). x = 2  120 = 240.

Problem 5. In figure, AC is a diameter of the circle

with centre O. If AOB = 130, then
BDC =
(A) 25°
(B) 65°
(C) 260°
(D) none of these

Solution: (A). AOB = 130 (given)

AC is diameter
 BOC = 180 – AOB
= 180 – 130 = 50.
BDC = BOC =  50 = 25.

Problem 6. ABCD is cyclic quadrilateral in which A = 75, B = 100, then C  D =

(A) 25 (B) 55
(C) 180 (D) 90

Solution: (A). In a cyclic quadrilateral

A + C = 180  C = 180 – A = 180 – 75 = 105.
B + D = 180  D = 180 – 100 = 80.

Problem 7. ABCD is a quadrilateral inscribed in a circle. Diagonals AC and BD are joined. If BAC =
55 and BCA = 45, ADC =
(A) 45° (B) 55°
(C) 90° (D) 100°

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Solution: (D). ABCD is cyclic quadrilateral diagonals AC, BD are joined.

BAC = 55 and BCA = 45.
(i) BDC = BAC = 55
(ii) ADC = ADB + BDC
= ACB + BDC
= 45 + 55 = 100.

Problem 8. In the given figure, the BAC +

OBC is equal to
(A) 45°
(B) 60°
(C) 90°
(D) cannot determined

Solution: (C). z = 2x
also, z = 180 – 2y
 2x = 180 – 2y
 x + y = 90
 BAC + OBC = 90.

Problem 9. A, B and C are three points on a circle such that the angles subtended by the chords AB
and AC at the centre O are 90 and 110, respectively BAC =
(A) 45° (B) 55°
(C) 100° (D) none of these

Solution: (D). BOC = 360 – (90 + 110)

= 160
now BAC = BOC

 BAC =  160 = 80.

Problem 10. In figure, DAC = 70°, CDB = 50°

and DCA = 30°, then ADB =
(A) 30°
(B) 40°
(C) 50°
(D) 60°

Solution: (A). ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral

In ADC, sum of angles = 180°
 ADB = 180°  (70° + 50° + 30°)
= 180°  (150°) = 30°.

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(Fill in the Blanks)

Problem 11: Diameter of a circle is _____________ to the tangents drawn on its extremities.

Solution: perpendicular
51
Problem 12: If radius of a circle is 5 cm then its circumference _____________ .

Solution: 10  cm

(True or False)

Problem 13: In a circle diameter is the smallest chord.

Solution: (False)

Problem 14: If radius of a circle is 3 cm then its area is 9 cm2.

Solution: (True)

LEVEL – II
Problem 1. An equilateral ABC is circumscribed by a circle. The bisector of A meet the
circumference at point P. Find BCP
(A) 30° (B) 45°
(C) 60° (D) 90°

Solution: (A). ÐBAC = 60°

 ÐBAP = = 30°

\ ÐBCP = 30°.

Problem 2. In the given figure, O is the centre of larger circle.

A is point of contact. OA is diameter of smaller
circle. If AC = 15 cm, then AD =
(A) 5 cm
(B) 10 cm
(C) 7.5 cm
(D) 7 cm

Solution: (C). Join B to C and O to D

BCA = 90° and ODA = 90°
\ by mid-point rule
AD = cm

FY-2125-P4-MATHEMATICS-CIRCLE
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Problem 3. In the figure, B = 30°, CAB = 60°. If BD = 6 cm, DE

= 4 cm then EB =
(A) (B) 10
(C) 10 (D) 3

Solution: (A). In ABC, C = 90°

\ EDB = 90°
\ EB = 62 + 42
= 36 + 16 = 52 = 2 cm.

Problem 4. A circle has two parallel chords of length 12 cm and 10 cm on the same side of the
centre. If the perpendicular distance between the chords is 2 cm. The radius of the circle
is
(A) 6.75 cm (B) 6.50 cm
(C) 6.35 cm (D) 6.25 cm

Solution: (D). R2 = 62 + x2
R2 = 52 + (x + 2)2
Equating
36 + x2 = 25 + x2 + 4x + 4
 4x + 29 = 36
x=

r= = 6.25 cm.

LEVEL – III

Problem 1. In the given figure, PQR is straight line. O is the

centre of the circle. The value of x is
(A) 10°
(B) 15°
(C) 20°
(D) 25°

Solution: (B). OST = OTS

= = 65°   x = 80 – 65 = 15°

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Problem 2. In the given figure, ABC is an equilateral

triangle. P is a point on arc BC. If BP = 3 cm, PC
= 4 cm, then AP is
(A) 5 cm
(B) 6 cm 51
(C) 7 cm
(D) 8 cm

Solution: (C). AP = BP + PC = 7 cm
(By Ptolemy’s theorem AB  PC + AC  BP = BC  AP)

Problem 3. In the given figure, ABCD is a cyclic . AB = 4

cm, BC = 3 cm, CD = 3 cm, DA = 2 cm. BD = 5
cm then AC is
(A) 3 cm
(B) 4 cm
(C) 3.6 cm
(D) 4.2 cm

Solution: (C). AB  CD + BC  AD = AC  BD
 AC = = 3.6 cm

Problem 4. Two circles of radii 5 cm and 2 cm have 10 cm distance between their centre. Find the
length of its common tangent
(A) cm (B) cm
(C) cm (D) cm

Solution: (C). length of common tangent

= = cm

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 50

 Two circles are congruent if they have equal radii.

 If two arcs of a circle are congruent then corresponding chords are equal and its converse.
 If two chords AB and CD of a circle intersect inside a circle (outside the circle when produced at a
point E) then AE  BE  CD  DE.
 For any two chords of a circle one which is larger is nearer to the centre and its converse.
 There is one and only one circle passing through three non-collinear points.

FY-2125-P4-MATHEMATICS-CIRCLE
 51

1. In a circle, O is the centre and AB is a chord of length 24 cm. The distance of AB from O is 10 cm
then find the radius of the circle.
51
2. In a circle two equal chords AB and CD are produced to meet at point P. If BAC = 60° then find
APC

3. In the figure AB is the diameter and C is the centre of the circle.

Also CQ = QR and CQR = 140°. Find DCA

4. In the figure, O is the centre of the circle, BD = OD and CD 

AB. Find CAB

5. In the figure O is the centre of the circle. BC = OA, OAB = 20°

and AED = 120°. Find the value of CFD

6. In a triangle ABC, ABC = 150° and P is the orthocenter of ABC. Find the value of APC.

7. In the figure P is the centre of the circle and also PQ = QR then

find the value of QSR.

8. In the given figure ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral and O is the

centre of the circle. If OBC = 55° and BC = CD then find BAD

9. Prove that the perpendicular bisector of a chord of a circle passes through the centre of the circle.

FY-2125-P4-MATHEMATICS-CIRCLE
 50

10. In the figure chord AB and CD when produced meet at

point P. If AOC = , BOD =  then prove that APC =

(O is the centre of the circle)

11. C1 and C2 are two congruent circles with centre O 1 and O2

respectively. Each circle passes through the centre of other
circle. If the circumference of each circle is 2 cm, then find the
perimeter of shaded region in (cm)

12. In figure, O is centre of circle and CD = DE = EF = GF. IF COD

= 40°, then find reflex COG.

13. In figure (not to scale), the points M, R, N, S, Q are concyclic.

Find PQR + OPR + NMS + OSN, if 'O' is centre of circle.

14. 'O' is centre of circle C1 and AB is diameter of circle C2.

Quadrilateral PQRS is inscribed in the circle with centre 'O'. Find
QRS.

15. In figure ADE and ABC differ by 15°. Find CAE.

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SUBJECTIVE
51

Section – A

1. The radius of a circle is 13 cm and the length of one of its chords is 10 cm. Find the distance of
the chord from the centre.

2. AB and CD are two parallel chords of a circle with centre O and radius 5cm. OP  AB, OQ  CD.
AB = 6cm, CD = 8cm, find PQ.

3. Two circles of radii 5 cm and 3 cm intersect at two points and the distance between their centres
is 4cm. Find the length of the common chord.

4. In the figure O is the centre of a circle and PO

bisects APD. Prove that AB = CD.

5. PQ and RQ are chords of a circle equidistant from the centre. Prove that the diameter passing
through Q bisects PQR and PSR.

6. In the figure, two equal chords AB and CD of a circle

with centre O, intersect each other at E, prove that
AD = CB.

7. AB and CD are two parallel chords of a circle whose diameter is AC. Prove that AB = CD.

8. Prove that the circle drawn on any one of the equal sides of an isosceles triangle as diameter
bisects the base.

9. In a circle with centre O, chords AB and CD intersect inside the circumference at E. Prove that
AOC + BOD = 2AEC.

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10. In the figure, AB and CD are two chords of a circle

intersecting each other at p such that AP = CP. Show
that AB = CD.

11. In the figure, AB = CD. Prove that BE = DE and AE =

CE where E is the point of intersection of AD and BC.

12. Two diameters of a circle intersect each other at right angles. Prove that the quadrilateral formed
by joining their end points is a square.

13. ABC and ADC are two right triangles with common hypotenuse AC, prove that CAD = CBD.

14. Prove that any cyclic parallelogram is rectangle.

15. In an isosceles triangle ABC with AB = AC a circle passing through B and C intersect the sides
AB and AC at D and E respectively. Prove that DE || BC.

16. PQ and RS are two parallel chords of a circle and

lines RP and SQ intersect each other at O as shown
in figure. Prove that OP = OQ.

17. In a circle of radius 5cm, AB and AC are two chords such that AB = AC = 6cm. Find the length of
the chord BC.

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18. In the figure, two circles with centres A and B and of

radii 5cm and 3cm touch each other internally. If the
perpendicular bisector of segment AB meets the
bigger circle in P and Q. Find the length of PQ.
51

19. Show that if two chords of a circle bisect one another they must be diameters.

20. In the figure AB is a diameter of the circle, CD is a

chord equal to the radius of the circle AC and BD
when extended intersect AC produced at a point E.
Prove that AEB = 60°.

21. In the figure, P is any point on the chord BC of a

circle such that AB = AP. Prove that CP = CQ.

22. Prove that the circle drawn with any side of a rhombus as a diameter passes through the point of
intersection of it diagonals.

23. In the figure, A = 60° and ABC = 80°, find DPC

and BQC.

24. AB is a diameter of a circle with centre O and radius OD is perpendicular to AB. If C is any point
on arc DB, find BAD and ACD.

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 50

25. D is a point on the circumcircle of ABC in which AB = AC such that B and D are on the opposite
side of line AC. If CD is produced to a point E such that CE = BD. Prove that AD = AE.

26. Two equal chords AB and CD of a circle with centre O when produced meet at a point E as
shown in figure. Prove that BE = DE and AE = CE.

27. In an equilateral triangle prove that the centroid and centre of the circumcircle coincide.

28. In the figure, a diameter AB of a circle bisects a

chord PQ. If AQ || BP, prove that the chord PQ is
also a diameter of the circle.

29. In the figure, AB is a diameter of a circle chord CD is

equal to radius OC. If AC and BD when produced
intersect at P, find APB.

30. In figure ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral, ÐDAB = 50° and ÐABC

= 80°. and are angle bisector of ÐDEC and ÐBFC.
Find ÐFHG.

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 51

Section – B

1. In the figure, PQRS is cyclic quadrilateral.

Find the measure of each of its angle.
51

2. Find the values of angle x and y in the

given figure.

3. In a circle with centre O, AB is a chord and

OM ^ AB and meets the circle at C. If
ÐAOC = 80°. Find
(i) ÐABC
(ii) ÐMCB.

4. ABCD is a quadrilateral inscribed in a

circle. Diagonals AC and BD are joined.
If ÐBAC = 55° and ÐBCA = 45°, find
(i) ÐBDC
(ii) ÐADC

5. Two circles are drawn with sides AB and AC of a triangle ABC as diameters. The circle intersect
at a point D. Prove that D lies on BC.

6. In the figure, OD is perpendicular to the chord AB of a circle whose centre is O. If BC is a

diameter, show that CA = 2OD.

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7. Two circles of radii 10 cm and 8 cm intersect and the length of the common chord is 12 cm, find
the distance between their centres.

8. PQ and RQ are chords of a circle equidistant from the centre. Prove that the diameter passing
through Q bisects ÐPQR and ÐPSR.

9. ABCD is a parallelogram. The circle through A, B and C intersect CD produced at E. Prove that
AE = AD.

10. D and E are points on equal sides AB and AC of an isosceles triangle ABC such that
AD = AE. Prove that B, C, D and E are concyclic.

11. If two opposite sides of a cyclic quadrilateral are equal, then prove that the other two sides are
parallel.

12. P is a point on the side BC of a triangle ABC such

that AB = AP. Through A and C lines are drawn
parallel to BC and PA respectively so as to intersect
at D as shown in figure. Show that ABCD is a cyclic
quadrilateral.

13. Prove that the quadrilateral formed by angle bisectors of a cyclic quadrilateral is also cyclic.

14. Prove that a cyclic trapezium is isosceles and its diagonals are equal.

15. Prove that an isosceles trapezium is always cyclic.

16. In the adjoining figure ABC is a triangle in

which AB = AC and P is a point on AC.
Through C a line is drawn to intersect BP
produced at Q such that ÐABQ = ÐACQ.
Prove that ÐAQC = 90° + ÐBAC.

17. Prove that any cyclic parallelogram is a rectangle.

18. Two circles of equal radii cut each other at P and Q, so that the centre of one lies on the other. A
straight line through P cuts the circle again at A and B. Prove that DQAB is equilateral triangle.

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19. In the given figure, AB is a diameter of a circle C (O, r)

and chord CD = radius OC. If AC and BD when produced
meet at P. Prove that APB = 60°.

51

20. A circular park of radius 20m is situated in a colony. Three boys Ankur, Syed and David are
sitting at equal distance on its boundary each having a toy telephone in his hands to talk to each
other. Find the length of the string of each phone.

21. AB and CD are equal chords of a circle whose centre is O. If the chords intersect each other at E
inside the circle, prove that EA = EC and EB = ED.

22. Bisectors of angles A, B and C of a triangle ABC intersect its circumcircle at D, E and F
respectively. Prove that the angles of DDEF are .

23. ABCD is a cyclic trapezium such that AB || CD. Prove that non-parallel sides AD and BC are
equal.

24. Two circles of radii 13cm and 5cm intersect at two points in such away that the distance between
their centres is 12cm. Find the length of the common chord of the two circles.

25. ABCD is a quadrilateral whose vertices are on a semi-circle such that AB = BC = CD = 10cm and
AD is diameter of the circle having centre at O. Find the perimeter of the quadrilateral ABCD.

26. In the figure A, B, C and D, E, F are two sets of collinear points. Prove that AD || CF.

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27. A and B are the centres of two unequal

circles which intersect at P and Q
respectively as shown in figure. Prove
that ÐPAB = ÐQAB. Also show that M
is the mid-point of PQ and angles at M
are at right angles.

28. In figure, M is the mid-point of arc APB.

Show that ÐBOA = 4 ´ ÐBAM.

29. O is centre of circle. PB = PC, ÐPBO = 25° and ÐBOC = 130°,

then find ÐABP + ÐDCP.

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Section – C
Numerical Based Questions (Single Digit Answer 0 to 9)
1. The bisectors of the angle formed by producing the opposite sides of a cyclic quadrilateral
(provided that they are not parallel) intersect at (10x)°. Find x
51
2. The sum of the angles in the four segments exterior to a cyclic quadrilateral is equal to how many
right angles.

3. Triangles ABC has incentre I and the

incicrle touches BC, CA at D, E
respectively. Let BI be produced to
meet DE at G. Find ÐAGB.

4. Two circles of radii 5 cm and 3 cm intersect at two points and the distance between their centers
is 4 cm. Find the length of common chord.

5. In DABC, ÐB = 90°. If AB = 6 cm, BC = 8 cm find the radius of circumcircle of DABC.

Other than Numerical Based Questions

6. Prove that any four vertices of a regular pentagon are concyclic.

7. Prove that the feet of perpendicular from a point on the circumcircle of a triangle on the sides are
collinear.

8. A, B and C are three points of a circle whose centre is not

indicated. How will you locate the centre.

9. Chords AB and CD of a circle with centre O intersect at the

point S. OM ^ AB and ON ^ CD. OM and ON meet AB and
CD respectively at M and N. Give reasons for the following
statements, if ÐOSM = ÐOSN
(i) DOSM @ DOSN
(ii) OM = ON
(iii) AB = CD

10. ABCD is a trapezium (with AB || DC) inscribed in a circle with centre O. Diagonal AC is joined and
also OA, OB, OC and OD are joined.

(i) Is ÐBAC = ÐDCA? Why? (ii) Is ÐDCA = ÐDOA? Why?

(iii) Is ÐBOC = ÐDOA? Why? (iv) Is BC = AD? Why?

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OBJECTIVE

Level – I

Multiple Choice Questions (Single Option Correct)

1. ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral in which A = 70 and B = 75, then C and D are equal to
(A) 105 and 115 (B) 110 and 115
(C) 110 and 105 (D) 120 and 85

2. A chord of a circle is of length 6 cm and is at a distance of 4 cm from the centre. The radius of the
circle is
(A) 2 cm (B) 5 cm
(C) 6.5 cm (D) 7.5 cm

3. In a circle of radius 13 cm, a chord is drawn at a distance of 12 cm from the centre. The length of
the chord is
(A) 6 cm (B) 7 cm
(C) 8 cm (D) 10 cm

4. In figure, AB || CD. If x = and y = , then the value of x is

(A) 48 (B) 36

(C) 96 (D) 56

5. The value of ‘w’ in the given figure, is

(A) 40
(B) 60
(C) 50
(D) 75

6. In the given figure, O is the centre of the

circle, then the value of x is
(A) 105
(C) 95
(C) 65
(D) 75

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7. In the figure, KM is a diameter. The value of

x + y is
(A) 135°
(B) 140°
(C) 145° 51
(D) 152°

8. OD is perpendicular to the chord AB of a circle whose centre is O. If BC is a diameter, then CA

equals to
(A) OD (B) 2 OD
(C) 3 OD (D) 4 OD

9. In a circle of radius 5 cm, AB and AC are two chords such that AB = AC = 6 cm. The length of the
chord BC is
(A) 9.6 cm. (B) 9.8 cm.
(C) 10 cm. (D) 11 cm.

10. A, B, C are three points on a circle such that the angles subtended by the chords AB and AC at
the centre O are 90° and 100°. Then ÐBAC equals to
(A) 60° (B) 85°
(C) 70° (D) 90°

11. From the figure given, the value of x is

(A) 82°
(B) 28°
(C) 32°
(D) 52°

12. In the figure, AP = 2cm, BP = 6cm and

CP = 3cm, find DP
(A) 6 cm
(B) 4 cm
(C) 2 cm
(D) 3 cm

13. Find the value of DCE

(A) 100°
(B) 80°
(C) 90°
(D) 75°

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14. In the figure, AB is the diameter of the

circle, find the value of ACD
(A) 30°
(B) 60°
(C) 45°
(D) 25°

15. A, B and C are three points on a circle such that the angles subtended by the chords AB and AC
at the centre O are 90° and 110°, respectively ÐBAC =
(A) 45° (B) 55°
(C) 100° (D) none of these

16. In figure, ÐDAC = 70°, ÐCDB = 50° and

ÐDCA = 30°, then ÐADB =
(A) 30°
(B) 40°
(C) 50°
(D) 60°

(Fill in the Blanks)

17. From the figure given, ÐOAB = 20°, ÐOCB = 55°. Then the
value of ÐBOC and ÐAOC is____________ and ____________.

18. C and D are the points on the semi-circle described on BA as diameter. Given mÐBAD = 70° and
mÐDBC = 30°. Then the value of mÐABD and mÐBDC are ________ and ______.

19. A cyclic parallelogram is a ______________.

20. In figure, given ÐA = 60°, ÐABC = 80°. Then ÐACB

and ÐADE are _______ and _________.

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(True or False)

21. A perpendicular drawn from the centre to a chord bisects the chord.

22. Two or more circles having the same centre are called concentric circles.
51
23. The value of x in given figure, is 110°

24. The value of x in given figure, is 40°

(Match the Following)

25. Match the following:

Column - I Column - II
(A) A rectangle of sides 6 cm ´ 8 cm is inscribed (p) 100°
in a circle. The radius of the circle is R cm.
Then R equals
(B) AB is a chord of a circle with centre ‘O’. Let P (q) 70°
and T be two points on the circumference of
the circle such that ÐAPB ¹ ÐATB, and ÐAPB
= 80°, then ÐATB equals
(C) AB is a chord of a circle while AC is one of its (r) 5
diameters. The centre of the circle is ‘O’. If
ÐAOB = 140°, then ÐOBC equals
(D) An equilateral triangle ABC is inscribed in a (s) 120°
circle with centre P. Then ÐBPC equals

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Level – II

Multiple Choice Questions (Single Option Correct)

1. The radius of a circle is 8 cm. and the length of one of its chords is 12 cm. Then the distance of
the chord from the centre is
(A) 5.291 cm. (B) 5 cm.
(C) 5.5 cm. (D) none of these

2. In the figure, ABCD is a cyclic

quadrilateral and AB is the diameter
ADC = 140°, then find BAC
(A) 45°
(B) 40°
(C) 50°
(D) none of these

3. AB and BC are two chords of a circle whose centre is at O such that ABO = CBO. Then
(A) AB  CB (B) AB  CB
(C) AB = CB (D) AB > CB

4. BC is a chord of a circle with centre O. A is a point on an mirror arc BC. Then BAC  OBC is
equal to
(A) 80 (B) 90
(C) 120 (D) 180

5. The angle in a major segment is

(A) acute (B) obtuse
(C) acute or obtuse (D) right angled.

6. In this figure, m PQB equals to, AB and PQ are

diameter
(A) 42
(B) 48
(C) 90
(D) None of these.

7. In the figure given, we have AOC = 100. Then find

ADC and ABC.
(A) 50, 180
(B) 60, 120
(C) 50, 130
(D) 100, 80.

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8. From the figure, the value of ‘x’ is

(A) 90
(B) 110
(C) 100
(D) 60 51

9. From the figure, the value of x is

(A) 60
(B) 70
(C) 90
(D) 120

10. O is the centre of the circle and AD and CB are diameter.

If AB = CD, then x =
(A) 70
(B) 50
(C) 35
(D) 55

Multiple Choice Questions (Multiple Options Correct)

11. O is the centre of the circle. If

, then
(A) x > z
(B) x < y

(C) x + y = (x + y + z)

(D) 3(x + y) = 2(x + y + z)

12. In the figure, O is the centre of the circle

here x =
(A)  – 110°
(B) 40°
(C) 70°
(D) 75°

13. O is the centre of the circle. BC is chord of the circle and A is

point on the circle. If BAC = x, OBC = y, then x + y s
(A) > 90° (B) = 90°
(C) < 90° (D)

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14. O is the centre of the circle and ACB =

50°, then x =
(A) 110°
(B) 2 – 100°
(C) 260°
(D) 200°

15. In figure, AC is diameter of circle and ÐADB = 20° then find

ÐBPC.
(A) 110° (B)  – 70°
(C) + 20° (D) 120°

16. ABCD is rectangle inscribed in a semi-circle. If the length and

the breadth of a rectangle are in ratio 2 : 1. What is ratio of the
perimeter of the rectangle to the diameter of the semi-circle?

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

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Level – III

1. In the adjoining figure, O is the centre of

circle ÐCAO = 25° and ÐCBO = 35°. What
is the value of ÐAOB 51
(A) 55°
(B) 110°
(C) 120°
(D) 90°

2. Two sides AB and CD of a cyclic

quadrilateral ABCD are produced to
meet at P. The sides AD and BC are
produced to meet at O. If ÐADC = 85°
and ÐBPC = 40°, then ÐBAD and
ÐCOD
(A) 55°, 30°
(B) 50°, 40°
(C) 40°, 30°
(D) 45°, 30°

3. Let CD be a chord of the circle with CD

= 5cm. The diameter AB of the circle is
10cm. AC and BD when extended meet
at E. Then the angle AEB equals
(A) 60°
(B) 30°
(C) 45°
(D) 75°

4. In the given figure AB = 18cm, BC =

1cm, then BD where BD is
perpendicular to AC is given by (AC
being the diameter of the circle)
(A) cm
(B) cm
(C) 6 cm
(D) 3 cm

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5. In the figure, AB and CD diameter O is

the centre, ÐB = 40°, then the angle
subtended by BD at O is
(A) 100°
(B) 80°
(C) 20°
(D) 90°

6. In the figure, O is the centre of circle. If

ÐAOD = 140° and ÐCAB = 50°, then
ÐEDB is
(A) 140°
(B) 90°
(C) 120°
(D) 50°

7. In the figure, O is the centre of the circle

the ÐXOZ =
(A) 2ÐX
(B) 2ÐY
(C) 2ÐZ
(D) 2(ÐXZY + ÐYXZ)

8. In the figure, if AB is the diameter of the

circle and PM is the internal bisector of
ÐAPB, then the measure of ÐABM =
(A) 15°
(B) 30°
(C) 45°
(D) 60°

9. If in the figure PA = 8cm, PD = 4cm, CD

= 3cm, then AB =
(A) 3 cm
(B) 3.5 cm
(C) 4 cm
(D) 4.5 cm

10. In the given figure, AOB is a diameter of

a circle and CD || AB if BAD = 30°
then CAD = ?
(A) 60°
(B) 90°
(C) 30°
(D) 45°

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11. Let triangle ABC have vertices on a circle. Let AD be

the altitude and AP be the diameter of the circle. If
ABC = 84° and BCA = 60°, then DAP equals
(A) 6°
51
(B) 12°
(C) 18°
(D) 24°

12. In the given figure ‘O’ is the centre of the circle and
AC is one of its diameters. If AOD = 114° and BOC
= 54°, then BEC equals
(A) 78°
(B) 82°
(C) 85°
(D) 92°

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CHAPTER PRACTICE PROBLEMS

1. 2 cm 2. 60°
3. 60° 4. 30°
5. 80° 6. 30°
7. 30° 8. 70°

11. 12. 200°

13. 180° 14. 135°

15. 15°

ASSIGNMENT
SUBJECTIVE

Section – A

1. 12cm 2. 7 cm 3. 6 cm
17. 9.6 cm 18. cm 23. 20°
24. ÐBAD = ÐACD = 45° 29. 60° 30. 75°

Section – B

1. P = 135°, Q = 30°¸ R = 45°, S = 150° 2. 65° and 75°

3. 40°, 50° 4. 55°, 100°
7. 13.29 20. m 24. AB = 10cm
25. 50 cm 29. 30°

Section – C

Numerical Based Questions (Single Digit Answer 0 to 9)

1. 9 2. 6 3. 5
4. 6 5. 5
OBJECTIVE

Level – I
Multiple Choice Questions (Single Option Correct)

1. C 2. B 3. D
4. A 5. C 6. A
7. A 8. B 9. A
10. B 11. A 12. B
13. B 14. C 15. D
16. A

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(Fill in the Blanks)

17. 70 each 18. 20 and 40 19. Rectangle

20. 40 each

(True or False)
51
21. True 22. True 23. False
24. True

(Match the Following)

25. (A) ® (r), (B) ® (p), (C) ® (q), (D) ® (s)

Level – II

Multiple Choice Questions (Single Option Correct)

1. A 2. C 3. C
4. B 5. A 6. B
7. C 8. D 9. A
10. D

Multiple Choice Questions (Multiple Options Correct)

11. C, D 12. A, C 13. B, D

14. B, C 15. A, B, C 16. A, C

Level – III

1. C 2. A 3. A
4. B 5. B 6. D
7. D 8. C 9. D
10. C 11. D 12. C

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