“Decisions can be like car accident, sudden and full of consequences”

1. Allison Glock –
Learning objectives:
At the end of the Module 2, you shall be able to:
1. Discover the Fundamentals of Traffic Management;
2. Interpret the Pillars of Traffic; and Lesson Outline:
1. Lesson 2.1 Fundamentals of
3. Describe the Traffic Safety Education Traffic Management
2. Lesson 2.2 The Pillars of
Traffic
3. Lesson 2.3 Traffic Safety
Education
Overview
This module present the various endeavors of the government
for a systematic traffic management. Further, it discusses the different areas
of traffic management as well as the roles of government and non-
government agencies responsible for traffic management.

Lesson 2.1: Fundamentals of Traffic

Management
Concept
Traffic Management is best understood by understanding the following commonly
used words and terminologies. Some of these are define according to their operational
definitions and some are based on their general definitions. The definition of the United
Nation are also adopted by the Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH) on their
Highway Design Standards published in 2012.
1. Arterial Highway/Roads- these are high capacity urban roads that direct traffic
frim collector roads to expressways and freeways.
2. Articulated Vehicle- its means a combination of vehicles comprising a motor
vehicle and a semi trailer coupled to the motor vehicle
3. Combination of Vehicles- it means coupled vehicles which travel on the road as a
unit
4. Domestic Legisalation- it is the entire body of national or local laws and
regulations in force in the country.
5. Driver- it means any person who drives a motor vehicle or who guides cattle, or
saddle animals on a road.
6. Give way- it means that driver must not continue his maneuver if by so doing he
might comple the drivers of other vehicles to change the direction of their vehicles
abruptly.
7. Higway- it means the entire width between the boundary lines of every way
dedicated ti a public authority when any part of the way is open to the use of public
for purpose of vehicular traffic or not the public authority is maintaining th way.
8. Intersection- it means any level crossroad, junction or forks.
9. Laden Weight- it mean the actual weight of the vehicle as loaded with the crew and
passengers on board
10. Lane- it means one of the longitudinal strips from which the carriageway can be
divided whether or not defined by longitudinal road markings
11. Motor Cycle- it means two wheeled or three wheeled vehicle which is fitted with an
internal cmbustion engine having a cylinder not exceeding 50cc and a maximum
design speed not exceeding 50km per hour.
12. Motor Vehicle- it means any power driven vehicle which is normally used for
carrying persons or goods by road.
13. Road- it refers to the entire surface of any street open to public traffic.

Road Classifications

1. National Road 1. These are roads interconnecting

provinces and cities
2. Provincial Roads 1. These are roads interconnecting
municipalities and cities within a
province
3. City Roads 2. These are roads interconnecting
barangay with a city
4. Municipal Roads 3. These are roads interconnecting
barangays within a municpality
5. Barangay Roads 4. These are roads located within a
barangay which connect sitions or
place within a barangay

5. Traffic- it refers to the movement of persons or goods powered by combustion

system or animal drawn from place to another.
Frech- trafique
Old Italian- Traffico
Trafficare- “to carry on trade”
6. Traffic Way- it refers to the entire width between boundary lines of every way or
place of which any part is open to the use of the public for the purpose of vehicular
traffic as a matter of right.

What is traffic management?

According to Bragado, 1998 Traffic Management refers to the application of the
process and skills in planning, organizing staffing, directing, coordinating and budgeting to
traffic affairs.
In Sigua 2008, Traffic Management also refers to the activities undertaken by a
highway transportation agency to improved roadway system safety, efficient and
effectiveness for both providers and consumers of transportation services.
Underwood 1990, traffic management refers to the organization, arrangement,
guidance and control of both stationary and moving traffic, including pedestrian and all
types of vehicles.
Types of traffic management
1. Traditional Traffic engineering tools, to regulate or control traffic, such as traffic
lights, signs, pavement markings, traffic islands and other devices that could control
the direct the flow of the traffic.
2. Advance technology like the intelligent transportation system (ITS). They install road
sensors for emergency cars, and road sensor attached to traffic signal lights.

ELEMENTS OF TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT

Road

Road User Enforcement

3. Traffic Management is essential because in every traffic there are three elements to
consider. These are the road, road users and the enforcement. Failure to coordinate
these elements in a particular highway my cause traffic related problems. Despite of
modernization existence, still traffic facilities and congestion persist. In order for the
traffic management to cope up they need to correlate to expedite the movements of
traffic to be able to attain efficient in the utilization of the traffic way.
Major causes of Traffic Congestion
1. Physical Inadequacy- this is characterized by lack of roads, narrow bridge, railroads
crossings, lack of facilities.
2. Poor control measures- this is characterized by ineffective mechanical control device
and poor implementation of traffic laws, rules and regulation.
3. Human errors- many traffic congestion are caused by slow drivers, or poor driving
habits, pedestrian mistakes.
4. Poor maintenance- inappropriate budge for the maintenance of the traffic facilities.
Police should report lights out, damage portion of the traffic way to expedite the
action from the concerned government offices. (diggings, cracks, road pavement)
Specific Traffic Problems
1. Traffic build up- it is characterized by the gradual increasing of traffic users in a given
portion of the highway.
2. Traffic congestion- these are situations in highway in which the movement of traffic
users is very slow or stationary.
3. Bottlenecks- these are narrow points in highway where traffic congestions usually
occur.
4. Gridlocks- a condition of severe road congestion arising when continues queues of
vehicle block an entire network of intersecting streets in all directions to a complete
standstill.
5. Accidents- these are events which may cause unintentional damage to property or
death.
6. Collisions- these are incidents of one moving traffic unit or person striking violently
against another.
Scopes of Traffic Management
1. All public surface facilities traversing and all types of conveyance for the movement
of persons and things. This includes the provisions on the controlling traffic flow and
allotments of parking lots.
2. All agencies having responsibilities for ascertaining traffic flow requirements,
planning, approving, funding, construction or maintaining these public facilities for
such movement.
3. All agencies responsible for licensing, approving, restricting, or controlling the used
of these facilities.
Agencies involved in Traffic Management
1. Department of Transportation (DOT)- is responsible for the implementation of the
Land Transportation Code of the Philippines (RA 4136), particularly on the issuance of
driver’s license, registration and approval of motor vehicles
2. City of Municipal Engineers Office- is responsible for the planning, construction and
maintenance of traffic facilities
3. Department of Public Works and Highways- is responsible for constructions and
maintenance of highways and roads.
4. Legislative- is responsible in the planning and approval of government projects
5. Highway Patrol Group- unit of PNP, responsible for the direct enforcement of traffic
laws, rules and regulations.
6. Traffic Management Bureaus- primary task of assisting the local PNP traffic units in
the enforcement of traffic laws such as Public Utility Services Offices (PUSO)
7. Academic Institution-is responsible for the basic traffic education by integrating in
their programs and curriculum subjects.
8. Courts- is responsible for the adjudication of traffic related cased filed
9. Public Information offices- the Philippine Information Agency provides the necessary
updated information to the public by creating safety campaigns.
10. Barangay Peacekeeping Action Team- is responsible for the usual traffic control in
their respective localities
11. Tri Media- the social Medias, radios, newspapers provide update traffic related
information through the public.