CDI 4

TRAFFIC
MANAGEMENT
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AND
ACCIDENT
INVESTIGATION
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TRAFFIC

It refers to the movement of persons,

goods, or vehicles, either powered by
combustion system or animal drawn from
one place to another for the purpose of
travel.
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TRAFFIC WAY

Refers to the entire width between

boundary lines of every way or place of
which any part is open to the use of the
public for purposes of vehicular traffic as a
matter of right or custom.
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INTERSECTION

 Defined as the area embraced within

the prolongation or connection of the
lateral curb lines, or, if none, then the
lateral boundary lines of the roadway of
two highways which join one another at
any other angle may come in conflict.
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 Refers to the area of a roadway created

when two or more roadways join
together at any angle, as described in
one of the following.
CLASSIFICATION
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OF INTERSECTIONS
ACC. TO NUMBER OF INTERSECTING
ROADS.
3-way Intersections- it is commonly known as the T
or Y crossroad which links three roads.
4- way Intersection- it is the most common type
which involved the crossings of two roadways. It is
either a regular when the two roads cross
perpendicularly and it is called skewed
intersections when the two roads cross at diff.
angles.
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 5- way Intersections- it involves the crossing of

five roads. This type is the least common.
 6- way Intersections- it involves the crossing of
three streets most often two perpendicular roads
and one diagonal road. This type is very rare.
 Staggered Intersection- It involves two
successive T crossroads.
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CLASSIFICATION OF INTERSECTION
ACC. TO TRAFFIC CONTROL
 1. controlled Intersection- it is controlled by any
traffic control devices.
 A. yield controlled Intersection- it is usually
controlled by a yield sign or give way sign.
 B. stop- controlled Intersection- a stop sign is
usually installed. Most common are the two-way
stops and most countries use the four-way stops or
the first-to-stop first-to-go rule.
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 C. Traffic circle- traffic flow here is directed by

a circle. Rotary island, or an= runabout sign.
 2. Uncontrolled Intersection- this intersection
has no traffic signals or traffic signs. Crossing
is by observing the right-of-way rule.
 3. Box Junction- this type generally prohibits
entry unless the exit is clear.
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 4. Cloverleaf- a highway interchange at

which two highways, one crossing over
the other, have a series of entrance and
exit ramps resembling the outline of a
four-leaf clover and enabling vehicles to
proceed in either direction on either
highway.
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What is Traffic Management

The application of the processes and skills in

planning, organizing, staffing, directing, coordinating,
and budgeting to traffic affairs.
- Also refers to the activities undertaken by a
highway transportation agency to improve to
roadway system safety, efficiency and effectiveness
for both providers and consumers of transformation
services.
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MAJOR CAUSES OF TRAFFIC
CONGESTION

1. Physical Inadequacy- this is characterized by lack

of roads, narrow bridges, railroad crossing. Lack of
traffic facilities, etc.
2. Poor Control Measure- This is characterized by
ineffective mechanical control devices, inefficient
traffic officers, and poor implementation of traffic
laws, rules and regulations.
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HUMAN ERRORS

Many traffic congestion are caused by

slow drivers or poor driving habits,
pedestrian mistakes, officers’ errors, poor
planning, poor legislation and traffic
accidents which are mostly attributed to
human errors.
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POOR MAINTENANCE

Oftentimes motor vehicles are stalled in

traffic ways because of unrepaired
diggings, cracks on road pavement or
unfinished road pavement concreting.
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SPECIFIC TARFFIC PROBLEMS

Traffic managers and traffic control

officers commonly encounter the following
traffic-related problems.
1. Traffic Build-up- it is characterized by
the gradual increasing of traffic users in a
given portion of the highway or trafficway.
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TRAFFIC CONGESTIONS

These are conditions on road networks

that occurs as use increases, and is
characterized by slower speeds, longer
trip times, and increased vehicular.
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Traffic Jams- these are situations in highways

in which the movement of traffic users (motor
vehicles or pedestrians) is very slow or
stationary.
Bottlenecks- these are narrow points or areas
in highways where traffic congestion or traffic
jams usually occur or traffic may be held up.
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Gridlocks- a state or conditions or severe

road congestion arising when continuous
queues of vehicles block an entire network
of intersecting streets, bringing traffic in all
directions to an complete standstill. These
traffic blockages are usually caused
interlocking of intersection grids.
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ACCIDENTS- these are events or incidents

may cause unintentional damage to
property, loss of limbs and/or death.
COLLISIONS- these are incidents or
instances of one moving traffic unit or
person striking violently against another.
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AGENCIES INVOLVED IN TRAFFIC
MANAGEMENT

1. Department of Transportation and

Communication
2. City or Municipal Engineers’ office

3. Department of public works and

highway
4. Legislative
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5. Philippine National Police

6. Traffic Management Bureaus
7. Academic Institutions
8. Courts
9. Public Information Offices
10. Barangay Peacekeeping Action Team
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11. Citizen Support Group

12. Tri- Media (Including the Internet)
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TRAFFIC SAFETY EDUCATION

ROAD SAFETY- it refers to reduced risk

of accident or injury on the roads,
achieved through multidisciplinary
approaches involving road engineering
and traffic management, education and
training of road users, and vehicle design.
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Factors Contributing to Accidents

1. Human Errors include:

a. Going to fast or excessive speed;

b. Failing to give at junctions;
c. Following too closely;
d. Overtaking improperly
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e. Misperceiving or misjudging the road

situation ahead;
f. Intoxication of alcohol or drug; and
g. Lack of skill
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Road deficiencies that are main
contributory factors are:

a. Poor design of layout and control at junctions;

b. Inadequate signing, road marking, and

lighting
c. Slippery road and

d. Obstructions on the road such as parked

vehicle on going road construction, etc.
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Main vehicle factors are:

a. Defects in tires, brakes and lights

b. Absence or non-using of belts; and

c. Poorly maintained motor vehicles

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LEVELS OF TRAFFIC SAFETY
EDUCATION

1. Imparting knowledge concerning traffic

safety;
2. Training and practice in actual
application of traffic safety knowledge;
and
3. Developing traffic safety morality.