STREAMLINE

st mary school
godi rd

PHYSICS; ROTATION AND SYSTEM OF PARTICLES

Class 11 - Physics

Section A
1. The separation between C and O atoms in CO is 1.2 A. The distance of carbon atom from the centre of mass is [1]
∘ ∘
a) 0.7 A b) 0.5 A

∘ ∘
c) 0.3 A d) 0.9 A

2. If a body moves through a distance greater than 2πR in one full rotation, then [1]

a) v cm ≤ Rω b) v
cm > Rω

c) v cm < Rω d) vcm ≥ Rω

3. Two persons of masses 55 kg and 65 kg respectively, are at the opposite ends of a boat. The length of the boat is [1]
3.0 m and weighs 100 kg. The 55 kg man walks up to the 65 kg man and sits with him. If the boat is in still
water, the centre of mass of the system shifts by

a) zero b) 2.3 m

c) 0.75 m d) 3.0 m

4. If F ⃗ is force and r ⃗ is the radius vector, then torque is given by [1]

a) r ⃗ × F ⃗ b) r⃗ + F
⃗

c) r ⃗ ⋅ F ⃗ d) ⃗
⃗ F|
|r ||

5. A solid spherical ball rolls on a table. Ratio of its rotational kinetic energy to total kinetic energy is [1]

a) 2

7
b) 7

10

c) 1

2
d) 1

6. A car is moving at a speed of 72 km/h. The diameter of its wheels is 0.5 m. If the wheels are stopped in 20 [1]
rotations by applying brakes, then angular retardation produced by the brakes is

a) 33.5 rad/s2 b) - 45.5 rad/s2

c) - 29.5 rad/s2 d) -25.5 rad/s2

7. If a solid sphere of mass 1 kg and radius 0.1 m rolls without slipping at a uniform velocity of 1 m/s along a [1]
straight line on a horizontal floor, the kinetic energy is

a) b) 1J
7
J
10

c) 2

5
J d) 7

5
J

8. Two rotating bodies A and B of masses m and 2 m with moments of inertia IA and IB (IB > IA) have equal [1]

kinetic energy of rotation. If LA and LB be their angular momenta respectively, then

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 LB
a) L A = b) LA = 2 LB
2

c) LB > LA d) LA > LB

9. Assertion (A): When a body is dropped from a height explodes in mid-air, but its centre of mass keeps moving [1]
in the vertically downward direction.
Reason (R): Explosion occurs under internal forces only. An external force is zero.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

10. Assertion (A): ^i × k
^
=
^
−j but k
^ ^
× i =
^
j [1]
Reason (R): If ^i , k, j occur in cyclic order then the vector product is negative. If i , k, j do not occur in cyclic
^ ^ ^ ^ ^

order, the vector product is positive.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

11. A rod PQ of mass M and length L is hinged at end P. The rod is kept horizontal by a massless string tied to point [1]
Q as shown in the figure. When string is cut, the initial angular acceleration of the rod is

g 3g
a) L
b)
2L

2g 2g
c) 3L
d) L

12. Identify the vector quantity among the following: [1]

a) angular momentum b) distance

c) energy d) heat
13. O is the centre of an equilateral triangle ABC. F1 F2 and F3 are three forces acting along the sides AB, BC and [1]

AC as shown in the figure. What should be the magnitude of F3 so that the total torque about O is zero?

a) (F1 + F2)/2 b) (F1 - F2)

c) 2(F1 + F2) d) (F1 + F2)

14. The moment of inertia of a rod about an axis through its centre and perpendicular to it is 1

12
ML
2
(where M is [1]
the mass and L, the length of the rod). The rod is bent in the middle, so that the two halves make an angle of
60
∘
. The moment of inertia of the bent rod about the same axis would be

a) 1

48
ML
2
b) 1

24
ML
2

c) d)
1 2 1 2
ML ML
12 8√3

Section B
15. Prove that the centre of mass of two particles divides the line joining the particles in the inverse ratio of their [2]
masses.

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16. Three balls of masses 1kg, 2kg and 3kg are arranged at the corners of an equilateral triangle of side 1m. What [2]
will be the moment of inertia of the system about an axis through the centroid and perpendicular to the plane of
the triangle.

17. Torque and work are both equal to force times distance. Then how do they differ? [2]
18. State the conditions for complete equilibrium of a body. [2]
19. Find the moment of inertia of a rectangular bar magnet about an axis passing through its centre and parallel to its [2]
thickness. Mass of the magnet is 100 g, the length is 12 cm, breadth is 3 cm and thickness is 2 cm.
20. Define angular acceleration. Give its SI unit and dimensional formula. How is it related to linear (tangential) [2]
acceleration?
21. A wheel has a constant angular acceleration of 4.2 rad/s2. During a certain 8.05 s interval, it turns through angle [2]
of 140 rad. Assuming that wheel started from rest, how long it had been in motion before the start of the 8.0 s?
22. The maximum and minimum distances of a comet from the sun are 1.4 × 1012 m and 7 × 1010 m. If its [2]

velocity nearest to the sun is 6 × 104ms-1, what is the velocity in the farthest position? Assume that path of the
comet in both the instantaneous positions is circular.
Section C
23. If three point masses m1, m2 and m3 are situated at the vertices of an equilateral triangle of side a, then what will [3]
be the co-ordinates of the centre of mass of this system?
24. Show that a.(b × c) is equal in magnitude to the volume of the parallelepiped formed on the three vectors, a, b [3]
and c.
25. A car is moving at a speed of 72kmh-1. The diameter of its wheels is 0.50 m. If the wheels are stopped in 20 [3]

rotations by applying brakes, calculate the angular retardation produced by the brakes.
26. Show that moment of a couple does not depend on the point about which you take the moments. [3]
27. A non-uniform bar of weight W is suspended at rest by two strings of negligible weight as shown in fig. The [3]
angles made by the strings with the vertical are 36.9o and 53.1o respectively. The bar is 2 m long. Calculate the
distance d of the centre of gravity of the bar from its left end.

28. Four point masses of 20 g each are placed at the corners of a square ABCD of side 5 cm, as shown in Fig. Find [3]
the moment of inertia of the system
i. about an axis coinciding with the side BC and

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 ii. about an axis through A and perpendicular to the plane of the square.

29. A particle on a rotating disc have initial and final angular positions are [3]
i. -2 rad, +6 rad
ii. -4 rad, -8 rad
iii. 6 rad, -2 rad
In which case, particle undergoes a negative displacement.
30. A flywheel in the shape of a uniform disc has a mass of 40 kg and is of radius 0.5 m. It is revolving around its [3]
own axis at the rate of 360 rpm. What torque is needed to bring it to rest in 10 s? If the torque is on account of a
force applied tangentially on the rim of flywheel, what is the magnitude of force?
31. Determine the angular velocity of [3]
i. hour hand of clock,
ii. second hand of a clock, and
iii. Earth
about its own axis.

32. A cylinder of mass 10 kg and radius 15 cm is rolling perfectly on a plane of inclination 30o. The coefficient of [3]
static friction µs = 0.25.
i. How much is the force of friction acting on the cylinder?
ii. What is the work done against friction during rolling?
iii. If the inclination θ of the plane is increased, at what value of θ does the cylinder begin to skid, and not roll
perfectly?
Section D
33. Read the text carefully and answer the questions: [5]
Relation between externally applied torque and the angular momentum is
dL
τ =
dt

Since L = Iω
d
∴ t = (I ω)
dt

If no torque acts on a rotating body,

d

dt
(lω) = 0 , i.e., Iω = constant
This is known as law of conservation of angular momentum.
This law has several applications in sports and dance.
When a man with outstretched hands, holding weights in each hand, stands on a revolving turntable, he attains
certain angular velocity. If he pulls the weights towards his body there is an increase in angular velocity.
When a diver jumps from a spring board and performs somersaults, he/she folds his legs and arms to decrease

his moment of inertia. Consequently his/her angular velocity increases and the diver instead of turning 180o now

can tum 360o.

(a) Why the diver stretches her arm and leg while touching the water?

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 a) to increase her moment of inertia b) to relax her body

c) to decrease her moment of inertia d) to increase her velocity

(b) If torque is applied on a rotating body

a) Its angular velocity changes b) Its moment of inertia changes

c) Its angular velocity remains unchanged d) both its moment of inertia changes and
its angular velocity changes
(c) When a man with outstretched hands, holding weights in each hand, standing on a revolving turntable,
pulls the weights towards his body

a) there will be a decrease in angular b) there will be an increase in angular

velocity due to decreases in moment of velocity due to decreases in moment of
inertia inertia

c) there will a decrease in angular velocity d) there will be an increase in angular

due to increases in moment of inertia velocity due to increases in moment of
inertia
(d) In which of the following positions, the moment of inertia of the ballet dancer will be minimum?

a) b)

c) d)

(e) In which positions of the diver the angular velocities are maximum and minimum?

a) b)

c) d)

34. Read the text carefully and answer the questions: [5]
Flywheel and sewing machine: There is a difference between inertia and moment of inertia of a body. Inertia
depends on the mass of the body but the moment of inertia about an axis depends on the mass of the body and
the distribution of its mass about the axis.
In the following figure, the masses of the two wheels are exactly equal but in the wheel (A) the mass is
uniformly distributed and in the wheel (B) most of the mass is situated at the rim. Both the wheels rotate about

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axis passing through the centre. It is noticed that while the two wheels are set in rotation and left, wheel (B)
continues rotating for a longer time.

This means that the moment of inertia of wheel (B) is greater than the wheel (A). Also greater is the part of the
mass of the body away from the axis of rotation, greater the moment of inertia of the body about the axis. Such a
wheel is known as flywheel. Consider a foot operated sewing machine. It has two wheels - one big and the other
small. The wheels are connected by a rope. The bigger wheel acts as flywheel. The rope transfers the motion
from this flywheel to the smaller wheel. Smaller wheel works as a pulley and also as a small flywheel.

We see even we stop supply of driving force to the bigger wheel it still continues to run for a short time because
of its moment of inertia.
So, flywheel acts as an energy reservoir by storing and supplying mechanical energy when required. The kinetic
energy stored in a flywheel is
E= 1

2
2
Iω

where, I = moment of inertia and ω = angular velocity.

(a) Which of the following statement is true?

a) Moment of inertia depends on the total b) As mass of an object is distributed away

mass and the distribution of mass from from the axis of rotation, the moment of
the axis of rotation inertia decreases

c) If the masses of two objects are equal d) Inertia depends on the total mass and
then their moment of inertia are also the distribution of mass from the axis of
equal rotation
(b) How many flywheels are there in foot operated sewing machine?

a) One b) Three

c) Two d) Zero
(c) We see even we stop supply of driving force to the bigger wheel of foot operated sewing machine, it still
continues to tun for a short time. If the rim of this wheel is imade thicker then

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 a) It will run for shorter period when the b) lt will run for the same period when the
driving force is stopped driving force is stopped

c) It will run for longer period when the d) It will stop immediately when the
driving force is stopped driving force is stopped
(d) Energy stored in flywheel is:

a) 1
mv2 b) 1
Iv2
2 2

c) 1

2
mω
2
d) 1

2
Iω
2

(e) Which one of the following wheel (having same mass) will have highest moment of inertia about axis
passing through the centre?

a) Option (A) b) Option (C)

c) Option (B) d) Option (D)

35. Find the centre of mass of a uniform [5]
i. half-disc,
ii. quarter-disc.
36. A bucket of mass 8 kg is supported by a light rope wound around a solid wooden cylinder of mass 12 kg and [5]
radius 20 cm free to rotate about its axis. A man holding the free end of the rope, with the bucket and the
cylinder at rest initially, lets go the bucket freely downwards in a well 50 m deep. Neglecting friction, obtain the

speed of the bucket and the angular speed of the cylinder just before the bucket enters water. Take g = 10 ms-2
37. A particle of mass m is released from point P at x = x0 on the X-axis from origin O and falls vertically along the [5]
Y-axis, as shown in Fig.

i. Find the torque t acting on the particle at a time t when it is at point Q with respect to O.
ii. Find the angular momentum L of the particle about O at this time t.
iii. Show that τ =
dL

dt
in this example.
38. From a uniform disk of radius R, a circular hole of radius R

2
is cut out. The centre of the hole is at R

2
from the [5]
centre of the original disc. Locate the centre of gravity of the resulting flat body.

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39. Show that the moment of inertia of a body about the given axis of rotation is equal to twice the kinetic energy of [5]
rotation of the body rotating with unit angular velocity.
40. Two discs of moments of inertia I1 and I2 about their respective axes (normal to the disc and passing through the [5]
centre), and rotating with angular speeds ω and ω are brought into contact face to face with their axes of
1 2

rotation coincident.
a. What is the angular speed of the two-disc system?
b. Show that the kinetic energy of the combined system is less than the sum of the initial kinetic energies of the
two discs. How do you account for this loss in energy? Take ω 1≠ ω2 .
41. Define rotational motion of a body. Derive the following equations of rotational motion under constant angular [5]
acceleration.
i. ω = ω0 + αt

ii. θ = ω0 t +
1

2
2
αt

iii. ω
2
− ω
2
0
= 2αθ

42. A solid cylinder rolls up an inclined plane of angle of inclination 30°. At the bottom of the inclined plane the [5]
centre of mass of the cylinder has a speed of 5 m/s.
a. How far will the cylinder go up the plane?
b. How long will it take to return to the bottom?

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