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Density

Density is defined as mass per unit volume, with the SI unit being kg/m3 and commonly expressed in g/cm3. The document outlines methods to measure the density of regular and irregular shaped solids, as well as liquids and air, using various techniques such as measuring cylinders and hydrometers. Key formulas for calculating density are provided for different shapes and states of matter.

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4 views5 pages

Density

Density is defined as mass per unit volume, with the SI unit being kg/m3 and commonly expressed in g/cm3. The document outlines methods to measure the density of regular and irregular shaped solids, as well as liquids and air, using various techniques such as measuring cylinders and hydrometers. Key formulas for calculating density are provided for different shapes and states of matter.

Uploaded by

kelathilweaobakwe87
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DENSITY

DENSITY: It is mass per unit volume. S.I unit is kg/m3. The commonly used unit for density is
g/cm3.

m
ρ=
v

Where ρ is density (kg/m3)

m is mass (kg)

V is volume (m3)

DENSITY OF REGULAR SHAPED SOLIDS

(a) A RECTANGULAR SOLID

m
ρ=
l∗w∗h

(b) CYLINDER

m
ρ= 2
πr

DENSITY OF IRREGULAR SHAPED SOLIDS

The mass can be measured using an electronic balance. To determine the volume of the solid
there are two methods which are used.

(a) MEASURING CYLINDER


- Partially fill the measuring cylinder with water and record the initial volume v 1.
- Lower the object into the measuring cylinder and make sure that it is completely covered by
water.
- Record the new volume of water v2.
- The difference in the two volumes (v2 –v1) will give you the volume of the object.
m
Therefore ρ=
v 2−v 1

(b) DISPLACEMENT CAN


- Use a displacement can large enough to take the whole object
- Fill the displacement can with water until it overflows. Throw the overflow away.
- Place an empty beaker under the overflow spout.
- Gently lower the object inside the can until it is completely covered by water.
- Measure the volume of water displaced by the object (over flow) using a measuring cylinder.
The volume v of the water displaced is equal to the volume of the object.
MEASURING DENSITY OF LIQUIDS

The mass of a liquid is determined by measuring the mass of an empty beaker m1, and then the mass of
the beaker + liquid m2 is measured. The mass of liquid is given by m2 – m1. The volume can be measured
using a measuring cylinder or beaker.

m2−m1
Therefore ρ=
v
HYDROMETER: A hydrometer is a floating instrument used to measure density of liquids.

MEASURING DENSITY OF AIR

A flask (jar) is filled with air and then the mass m1 is measured using an electronic balance. The mass m2
of the flask is determined after removing air with a vacuum pump. The volume of is found by filling the
flask with water and pouring it into a measuring cylinder.

m1−m2
Therefore ρ=
v

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